População base de Araucaria angustifolia, em Colombo, PR.

bitstream/item/101413/1/1984-PA59-Rotta-PopulacaoBase.pd

Estudo da cadeia produtiva do pescado no entorno do Lago de Sobradinho.

Situação atual da piscicultura no entorno do lago de Sobradinho; Pontos fortes e fracos, oportunidades e ameaças da cadeia produtiva da piscicultura; Levantamento junto à cadeia produtiva da piscicultura.bitstream/item/200118/1/Cadeia-Produtiva-Piscicultura-2014.pd

Socioeconomic factors influencing access to drugs from the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Services in Paraná-Brazil: An observational, cross-sectional retrospective study

The Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Services (CEAF) is a crucial strategy for accessing medicines through the Brazilian Public Health System, holding the highest budgetary impact on outpatient pharmaceutical care. This study aimed to assess the association of socioeconomic factors with access to CEAF drugs in municipalities throughout Paran & aacute; from 2010 to 2019. It utilized a retrospective, observational, cross-sectional approach, evaluating dispensed medication units, medication expenditure, and average unit cost. Analyses were performed to identify a correlation between the use of CEAF drugs and socioeconomic indicators. In these 10 years, the number of dispensed units practically quadrupled, and the expenditure on these drugs doubled, from BRL 214 million to BRL 476 million. The Index of Paran & aacute; Institute for Economic and Social Development of Municipal Performance (IPDM) showed a greater association with the use of CEAF drugs, and no correlation was observed between gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the municipal population. Overall, the IPDM index that includes income, education, and health are socioeconomic factors that influence the utilization of CEAF drugs. These findings emphasize the need for health education among users and adjustment of public policies to mitigate inequalities in the CEAF drug access for the citizens of Paran & aacute;

População base de Cupressus lusitanica Mill.

bitstream/item/101415/1/1984-PA61-Capanezzi-PopulacaoBase.pd

Implications of quantitative susceptibility mapping at 7 Tesla MRI for microbleeds detection in cerebral small vessel disease

BACKGROUND: Cerebral microbleeds (MBs) are a hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and can be found on T2*-weighted sequences on MRI. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a postprocessing method that also enables MBs identification and furthermore allows to differentiate them from calcifications. AIMS: We explored the implications of using QSM at submillimeter resolution for MBs detection in CSVD. METHODS: Both 3 and 7 Tesla (T) MRI were performed in elderly participants without MBs and patients with CSVD. MBs were quantified on T2*-weighted imaging and QSM. Differences in the number of MBs were assessed, and subjects were classified in CSVD subgroups or controls both on 3T T2*-weighted imaging and 7T QSM. RESULTS: 48 participants [mean age (SD) 70.9 (8.8) years, 48% females] were included: 31 were healthy controls, 6 probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), 9 mixed CSVD, and 2 were hypertensive arteriopathy [HA] patients. After accounting for the higher number of MBs detected at 7T QSM (Median = Mdn; Mdn7T−QSM = 2.5; Mdn3T−T2 = 0; z = 4.90; p < 0.001) and false positive MBs (6.1% calcifications), most healthy controls (80.6%) demonstrated at least one MB and more MBs were discovered in the CSVD group. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggest that QSM at submillimeter resolution improves the detection of MBs in the elderly human brain. A higher prevalence of MBs than so far known in healthy elderly was revealed

Survey on reporting of epithelial cells in urine sediment as part of external quality assessment programs in Brazilian laboratories

Epithelial cells (ECs) are structures regularly observed during urine microscopy analysis. The correct identification of EC subtypes can be useful since renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) are clinically relevant. We investigate the urinary ECs report and the judgement of its clinical importance by Brazilian laboratories. A survey with four questions was made available to participants of the Urinalysis External Quality Assessment Program (EQAP) from Controllab. Laboratories composed 3 groups: (1) differentiating ECs subtypes: “squamous”, “transitional” and “RTECs”; (2) differentiating ECs subtypes: “squamous” or “non-squamous” cells; (3) without ECs subtype identification. Participants did not necessarily answer to all questions and the answers were evaluated both within the same laboratory’s category and within different categories of laboratories. A total of 1336 (94%) laboratories answered the survey; Group 1, 119/140 (85%) reported that ECs differentiation is important to the physician and 62% want to be evaluated by EQAP, while in Group 3, 455/1110 (41%) reported it is useful to them, however only 25% want be evaluated by EQAP. Group 2 laboratories 37/51 (73%) reported that the information is important, but only 13/52 (25%) are interested in an EQAP with differentiation of the 3 ECs subtypes. Most of the laboratories do not differentiate ECs in the three subtypes, despite the clinical importance of RTECs. Education of laboratory staff about the clinical significance of urinary particles should be considered a key priority

The key role of interband transitions in hot-electron-modulated TiN films

Titanium nitride (TiN) is an emerging new material in the field of plasmonics, both for its linear and nonlinear optical properties. Similarly to noble metals, like, e.g., gold (Au), the giant third-order optical nonlinearity of TiN following excitation with fs-laser pulses has been attributed to the generation of hot electrons. Here we provide a numerical study of the Fermi smearing mechanism associated with photogenerated hot carriers and subsequent interband transitions modulation in TiN films. A detailed comparison with Au films is also provided, and saturation effects of the permittivity modulation for increasing pump fluence are discussed