Application of hyaluronic acid in non-surgical treatment of periodontitis

Poster apresentado no 2º Congresso Internacional do CiiEM: Translational Research and Innovation in Human in health Sciences. 11-13 Junho 2017, Campus Egas Moniz, Caparica, PortugalN/

Tratamento da peri-implantite: conceitos atuais

Poster apresentado no XXIV Congresso da Ordem dos Médicos Dentistas. Lisboa, 12-14 Novembro de 2015Nos últimos anos a colocação de implantes tornou-se uma das técnicas mais preconizadas na reabilitação de desdentados totais ou parciais, sobretudo devido à elevada percentagem de sucesso que lhe está associada. Não obstante, existem algumas complicações, quer a curto, quer a longo prazo, que podem comprometer o êxito desta técnica. A peri-implantite é uma das complicações mais frequentes associadas aos implantes dentários. O objetivo desta revisão é apresentar o “estado da arte” no tratamento da peri-implantite.N/

ZOOTAXA

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Euglossa Glossura

Diversity of Euglossa (Glossura) Twenty-three species are now known in Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda), four of them endemic in the Atlantic Forest (Euglossa cyanochlora Moure, 1996, Euglossa iopoecila Dressler, 1982 a, Euglossa roubiki Nemésio, 2009, and Euglossa stellfeldi Moure, 1947 sensu Nemésio 2009 a) and three of them endemic in Central America (Euglossa asarophora Moure, 1969, Euglossa flammea Moure, 1969, and Euglossa nigrosignata Moure, 1969). The remaining sixteen species occur in northern South America, one of them (Euglossa natesi Parra-H, Ospina- Torres & Ramírez, 2006) only recorded from the westernmost part of the continent, west to the Andes in the Chocó region of Colombia and Ecuador (Parra-H et al. 2006: 34), thus not reaching the Amazon Forest and not treated here; two of them (Euglossa rufipes Rasmussen & Skov, 2006 and Euglossa tiputini Roubik, 2004) occurring at the westernmost part of the Amazon Basin; one (Euglossa inflata Roubik, 2004) only recorded from the Guianas; and twelve species have a more widespread distribution, all of them known from the Brazilian Amazon, one of the most diverse assemblages of Euglossa (Glossura) (see Table 1). Three of these species were only recorded in the Brazilian Amazon recently: Euglossa allosticta Moure, 1969, formerly known only from Central America (Roubik & Hanson 2004), was first recorded in Brazil by Nemésio & Morato (2004, 2006a, b), for the state of Acre, and subsequently was found in Roraima (Nemésio 2005 b) and Amazonas (Dias 2007). The other two records, E. lugubris and E. occidentalis, are introduced in this study and discussed below. Another species which deserves further attention is E. orellana Roubik, 2004. This species was only recently described, but it is very common throughout the Amazon Basin and there has been some confusion between it and E. chalybeata Friese, 1925. Specimens collected in the state of Amazonas and identified as E. chalybeata by Powell & Powell (1987), Becker et al. (1991), Morato et al. (1992), Morato (1994), and Oliveira & Campos (1995, 1996) may belong to this species. Nevertheless, subsequent studies confirmed that both species are sympatric in the state of Amazonas (e.g. Dias 2007), as well as in the state of Roraima (e.g. Oliveira et al. 2010) (see Table 1). FIGURE 4. Metatibia. A: E. intersecta, B: E. inflata, C: E. rugilabris, D: E. juremae, E: E. tiputini, F: E. rufipes, G: E. viridifrons, H: E. allosticta, I: E. imperialis, J: E. lugubris, K: E. piliventris, L: E. orellana, M: E. occidentalis, N: E. chalybeata, O: E. ignita.Published as part of Nemésio, André & Ferrari, Rafael R., 2011, Species of Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) occurring in the Amazon, including new records for Brazil, pp. 1-13 in Zootaxa 2885 on pages 5-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27759

Euglossa lugubris Roubik 2004

Euglossa lugubris Roubik, 2004 The record of this species in the westernmost part of the state of Amazonas represents a natural and expected range extension for E. lugubris since the species was described from the Peruvian Amazon (Roubik 2004) and collected in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, at the border between Brazil and Peru. Inspection on museum specimens labeled as E. piliventris in other collections, as well as field work, will be important to determine the actual geographic distribution of this species eastwards, since both species are very similar and can be easily confused.Published as part of Nemésio, André & Ferrari, Rafael R., 2011, Species of Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) occurring in the Amazon, including new records for Brazil, pp. 1-13 in Zootaxa 2885 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27759

Euglossa occidentalis Roubik 2004

Euglossa occidentalis Roubik, 2004 The record of this species in the state of Pará represents a range extension of about 2,500 km eastwards. This astonishing record, without any known specimen from the intermediate state of Amazonas, led us to consider that it could be a misidentification. Comparison with photographs of the holotype and with the original description by Roubik (2004), however, confirmed that morphologically the specimens from Pará deposited at UFMG are indistinguishable from E. occidentalis. The mesotibial tufts of this species resembles those of E. ignita, but general integument coloration and, especially, shape and position of S 2 tufts clearly distinguishes both species (see Figures 5 N and 5 O). The specific epithet “ occidentalis ” was erected since Roubik (2004) considered it to be restricted to the westernmost part of the Amazon Basin. The current record, however, suggests a widespread distribution in the Amazon, but close examination of museum specimens labeled under other E. (Glossura) nomina, besides field work in the regions between the now known disjunct geographic distribution may reveal whether this hypothesis is correct.Published as part of Nemésio, André & Ferrari, Rafael R., 2011, Species of Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) occurring in the Amazon, including new records for Brazil, pp. 1-13 in Zootaxa 2885 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27759

Euglossa (Glossura) Glossura

Paraphyly of Euglossa (Glossura) Although the six species until now treated as Euglossa (Glossuropoda) did present some apparently exclusive synapomorphic characters (such as a much enlarged mesotibia, lack of mesotibial spurs; acute, triangular metatibia), they do not lack any of the main synapomorphic characters shared by other Euglossa (Glossura). Roubik (2004: 251) mentioned that the exclusive characters of Euglossa (Glossuropoda) “suggest relictual status as biological populations and/or a basal phylogenetic position with some very long-lived species. A subgeneric status seems warranted”. The phylogenetic study by Ramírez et al. (2010), however, places Euglossa (Glossuropoda) quite inside Euglossa (Glossura) (sensu Moure et al. 2007), suggesting exactly the opposite of Roubik’s (2004) opinion: Euglossa (Glossuropoda) seems to be a derived lineage within Euglossa (Glossura), not a basal lineage in Euglossa. The presence of the morphological characters which characterize Glossura associated to the molecular phylogenetic data provided by Ramírez et al. (2010) make it more reasonable to consider Euglossa (Glossuropoda) as a junior synonym of Euglossa (Glossura). Nevertheless, Ramírez et al. (2010) found less than 50 % branch support for E. (Glossuropoda) as a sister group to E. (Glossura), a low value for supporting a taxonomic change in the status of the subgenus. Additional data are needed to better understand the relationships between both groups.Published as part of Nemésio, André & Ferrari, Rafael R., 2011, Species of Euglossa (Glossura) and E. (Glossuropoda) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossina) occurring in the Amazon, including new records for Brazil, pp. 1-13 in Zootaxa 2885 on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27759