Fatigue Failure in Polymeric Materials : Insights from Experimental Testing

Open access via the Springer agreement The authors wish to express their profound gratitude to Prof. Mokhtar Omar of Cairo University, who sadly passed away on December 22, 2023. His invaluable guidance during the design of the fatigue tester was greatly appreciated. His kind and encouraging words will always be remembered. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Faculty of Engineering at Mataria and the Arab Organization for Industrialization for funding the manufacturing of the test rig. Their contributions are greatly appreciated.Peer reviewe

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF STARCH XANTHATE AS A SUPERDISINTEGRANT IN THE FORMULATION OF FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS

Objective: To synthesize, characterize and evaluate starch xanthate as a superdisintegrant in the formulation of fast dissolving tablets by employing 23 factorial design.Methods: Starch xanthate was synthesized by gelatinization process. The physical and micromeritic properties were performed to evaluate the synthesized starch xanthate. The fast dissolving tablet of ibuprofen was prepared by employing starch xanthate as a superdisintegrant in different proportions in each case by direct compression method using 23 factorial design. The drug content, hardness, friability, disintegration time and other dissolution characteristics like percent dissolved in 5 min (PD5), dissolution efficiency in 5 min (DE5%) and first order rate constant (K1) were used in the evaluation of prepared fast dissolving tablets.Results: The starch xanthate prepared was found to be fine, free flowing slightly crystalline powder. Starch xanthate exhibited good swelling in water. The study between ibuprofen and starch xanthate was shown the absence of interaction by fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The drug content (100±5%), hardness (3.6–4 kg/sq. cm), and friability (0.12-0.15%) has been effective with regard to all the formulated fast dissolving tablets employing starch xanthate. The disintegration time of all the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 12±0.01 to 312±0.02s. The optimized formulation F5 has the least disintegration time i.e., 12±0.01s. The In vitro wetting time of the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 76±0.21 to 217±0.17s. The In vitro wetting time was less (i.e., 90s) in optimized formulation F5. The water absorption ratio of the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 16±0.16 to 174±0.21%. The cumulative drug dissolved in the optimized formulation F5 was found to be 99.83±0.56% in 5 min.Conclusion: The dissolution efficiency of ibuprofen was enhanced when starch xanthate was found to be a superdisintegrant when combined with sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium and, hence it could be used in the formulation of fast dissolving tablets to provide immediate release of the contained drug within 5 min

Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Using ML and DL Approaches

Healthcare is very important aspects of human life. Cardiovascular disease, also known as the coronary artery disease, is one of the many deadly infections that kill people in India and around the world. Accurate predictions can prevent heart disease, but incorrect predictions can be fatal. Therefore, here this paper describes a method for predicting cardiovascular disease that makes use of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL). In this paper, SMOTE-ENN (Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique Edited Nearest Neighbor) was used to equalize the distribution of training data. The K-Nearest Neighbor method (KNN), Naive Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), XGBoost (Extreme Gradient Boosting), Artificial Neutral Network (ANN), and Convolutional Neutral Network (CNN) are among the classifiers used in this paper. From Public Health Dataset required data is collected and focused on recognizing the best approach for predicting the disease in preliminary phase. This experiment end results show that the use of Artificial Neural Networks can be of much useful in prediction with better accuracy (95.7%) than compared to any other ML approaches

Vasa previa: a case report

Vasa previa is defined as a condition where fetal vessels traverse the membranes in the lower segment below the presenting part unsupported by placental tissue or umbilical cord. Rupture of the membranes leads to fetal exsanguinations and even neonatal death. The etiology is uncertain, but risk factors include bilobed or succenturiate lobed placenta, velamentous insertion of cord, placenta previa, pregnancies resulting from In vitro fertilization (IVF) and multiple pregnancies. We report here a case of 24 year old woman, G3A2 at 34 weeks of gestation and history of 2 previous spontaneous abortions with vasa previa which was successfully managed. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis has the potential to improve or prevent the poor obstetric and neonatal outcome associated with it

Human cognition inspired procedures for part family formation based on novel Inspection Based Clustering approach

Human cognition based procedures are promising approaches for solving different kind or problems, and this paper addresses the part family formation problem inspired by a human cognition procedure through a graph-based approach, drawing on pattern recognition. There are many algorithms which consider nature inspired models for solving a broad range of problem types. However, there is a noticeable existence of a gap in implementing models based on human cognition, which are generally characterized by “visual thinking”, rather than complex mathematical models. Hence, the natural power of reasoning - by detecting the patterns that mimic the natural human cognition - is used in this study as this paper is based on the partial implementation of graph theory in modelling and solving issues related to the grouping of the parts to be processed by one machine, regardless of their size. The obtained results have shown that most of the problems solved by using the proposed approach have provided interesting benchmark results when compared with previous results given by GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) heuristics.This work has been supported by national funds through FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia - under the [UID/CEC/00319/2019] project, and under the RD Units Projects Scopes: UIDP/04077/2020 and UIDB/04077/2020, UIDP/04077/2020 and UIDB/04077/2020

A study of maternal and fetal outcome in cardiac disease in pregnancy at tertiary care center

Background: Cardiac disease complicating pregnancy is an indirect cause of maternal mortality. The incidence of cardiac disease during pregnancy has remained stable for many years even with significant decrease in the occurrence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) as this decrease is being compensated by significant increase of pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). Therefore, in this study we aim to analyse the incidence of cardiac disease in pregnancy and to assess the obstetrical outcome.Methods: A retrospective study carried out in 32 women with cardiac disorders at a tertiary care centre during the period of 5 years.Results: In the present study the incidence of cardiac disease in pregnancy was observed to be 0.21%. With 62.6% rheumatic, 21.8% congenital being and 15.6% peripartum cardiomyopathy. Among rheumatic valvular heart disease, mitral valve stenosis was most common followed by mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation. Non-cardiac complications like pre-eclampsia and anaemia were also noted. No of vaginal delivery were higher compared to caesarean (26 versus 6). Adverse perinatal outcomes in form of preterm, NICU admission and perinatal death were also noted.Conclusions: A cardiac disease has a major impact on pregnancy. It is a multidisciplinary teamwork to have optimal maternal and foetal outcome in women with cardiac disease. Hence, constant vigilance is required throughout antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum period to avoid adverse outcomes

Perancangan Dan Implementsi Alat Ukur Daya Listrik Arus Bolak-Balik Satu Fasa Berbasis Personal Computer

Design measurement instrument is not easy. Because that instrument to measure something, it is mean that used as reference, so in designing the used reference is as good as possible. Measuring electric power can be done in many ways, measure voltage, current, and power factor then cross that is the one way. This electric power equipment for measure electronic equipment and electrics equipment. Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) determines the capability of this Digital Measurement Instrument. ADC0804LCN is product of National Semiconductor, one of ADC can be used. ADC0804LCN is 8bit resolution ADC with serial control. Maximum clock is 640 KHz determining data transfer rate. Microcontroller is used to control ADC0804LCN

Perancangan Program Aplikasi Customer Service Berbasis Online

Kegiatan bisnis Perusahaan saat ini yang dapat didukung oleh teknologi informasi dapat digunakan juga untuk divisi customer service dalam melakukan pelayanan service. Salah satu bidang bisnis yang akan dibahas dalam skripsi ini adalah program aplikasi customer service berbasis online untuk menghubungkan dengan teknologi informasi maka diperlukan dukungan kajian ilmu dalam pengembangan sistem informasi, kajian ilmu tersebut yaitu sistem informasi. Sistem informasi adalah proses yang menjalankan fungsi mengumpulkan, memproses, menyimpan, menganalisis, dan menyebarkan informasi untuk tujuan tertentu. Metodologi yang dipakai dalam perancangan applikasi ini adalah System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Dengan adanya aplikasi customer serivce yang sudah berbasis online dapat memudahkan staff bagian customer serivice dalam melakukan aktivitas menerima dan mengatur jadwal perbaikan. Sistem ini dirancang untuk membantu staff customer service dalam mencatat permintaan perbaikan, jadwal kunjungan dan memberikan laporan tentang customer service yang terdapat di divisi customer service

ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF EPIPREMNUM AUREUM.L IN NORMAL AND ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

ABSTRACTObjective: The study was carried out with the objective of phytochemical screening and to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of aqueous and alcoholicextract of E. aureum.Methods: The anti-diabetic activity was determined alloxan-induced diabetic rats. A total of 24 albino Wistar rats of either sex weighing 200-250 gwere divided into 4 groups consisting of 4 rats in each group. Group-1 served as control, Group-2 received standard drug, Group-3 received test drugaqueous extract of E. aureum, and Group-4 received test drug alcoholic extract of E. aureum.Results: Phytochemical investigation of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. aureum revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids,and flavonoids as secondary metabolites. The both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. aureum showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levelsdue to the presence of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids in both extracts of E. aureum. The administration of drug (IP) wascontinued upto 15 days.Conclusion: Extracts of E. aureum have shown the great potential of anti-diabetic activity in normal and alloxan-induced rats. Flavonoids might beproducing hypoglycemic effect by a mechanism independent from insulin secretion, e.g. by the inhibition of endogenous glucose production or bythe inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption. This study E. aureum of both aqueous and alcoholic extracts was showed significant effect on alloxaninducedrats.Keywords: Epipremnum aureum, Anti-diabetic activity, Alloxan-induced diabetic rats, Glucometer