Open access via the Springer agreement The authors wish to express their profound gratitude to Prof. Mokhtar Omar of Cairo University, who sadly passed away on December 22, 2023. His invaluable guidance during the design of the fatigue tester was greatly appreciated. His kind and encouraging words will always be remembered. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Faculty of Engineering at Mataria and the Arab Organization for Industrialization for funding the manufacturing of the test rig. Their contributions are greatly appreciated.Peer reviewe
