A typology of modifications to peer support work for adults with mental health problems:systematic review

© The Authors 2020. Background Peer support work roles are being implemented internationally, and increasingly in lower-resource settings. However, there is no framework to inform what types of modifications are needed to address local contextual and cultural aspects. Aims To conduct a systematic review identifying a typology of modifications to peer support work for adults with mental health problems. Method We systematically reviewed the peer support literature following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews (registered on PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) on 24 July 2018: CRD42018094832). All study designs were eligible and studies were selected according to the stated eligibility criteria and analysed with standardised critical appraisal tools. A narrative synthesis was conducted to identify types of, and rationales for modifications. Results A total of 15 300 unique studies were identified, from which 39 studies were included with only one from a low-resource setting. Six types of modifications were identified: role expectations; initial training; type of contact; role extension; workplace support for peer support workers; and recruitment. Five rationales for modifications were identified: to provide best possible peer support; to best meet service user needs; to meet organisational needs, to maximise role clarity; and to address socioeconomic issues. Conclusions Peer support work is modified in both pre-planned and unplanned ways when implemented. Considering each identified modification as a candidate change will lead to a more systematic consideration of whether and how to modify peer support in different settings. Future evaluative research of modifiable versus non-modifiable components of peer support work is needed to understand the modifications needed for implementation among different mental health systems and cultural settings. Declaration of interest None

The H1 Forward Proton Spectrometer at HERA

The forward proton spectrometer is part of the H1 detector at the HERA collider. Protons with energies above 500 GeV and polar angles below 1 mrad can be detected by this spectrometer. The main detector components are scintillating fiber detectors read out by position-sensitive photo-multipliers. These detectors are housed in so-called Roman Pots which allow them to be moved close to the circulating proton beam. Four Roman Pot stations are located at distances between 60 m and 90 m from the interaction point.Comment: 20 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Nucl.Instr.and Method

The impact of mental health recovery narratives on recipients experiencing mental health problems: Qualitative analysis and change model.

BACKGROUND: Mental health recovery narratives are stories of recovery from mental health problems. Narratives may impact in helpful and harmful ways on those who receive them. The objective of this paper is to develop a change model identifying the range of possible impacts and how they occur. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with adults with experience of mental health problems and recovery (n = 77). Participants were asked to share a mental health recovery narrative and to describe the impact of other people's recovery narratives on their own recovery. A change model was generated through iterative thematic analysis of transcripts. RESULTS: Change is initiated when a recipient develops a connection to a narrator or to the events descripted in their narrative. Change is mediated by the recipient recognising experiences shared with the narrator, noticing the achievements or difficulties of the narrator, learning how recovery happens, or experiencing emotional release. Helpful outcomes of receiving recovery narratives are connectedness, validation, hope, empowerment, appreciation, reference shift and stigma reduction. Harmful outcomes are a sense of inadequacy, disconnection, pessimism and burden. Impact is positively moderated by the perceived authenticity of the narrative, and can be reduced if the recipient is experiencing a crisis. CONCLUSIONS: Interventions that incorporate the use of recovery narratives, such as peer support, anti-stigma campaigns and bibliotherapy, can use the change model to maximise benefit and minimise harms from narratives. Interventions should incorporate a diverse range of narratives available through different mediums to enable a range of recipients to connect with and benefit from this material. Service providers using recovery narratives should preserve authenticity so as to maximise impact, for example by avoiding excessive editing

Suppressed Decays of D_s^+ Mesons to Two Pseudoscalar Mesons

Using data collected near the Ds*+ Ds- peak production energy Ecm = 4170 MeV by the CLEO-c detector, we study the decays of Ds+ mesons to two pseudoscalar mesons. We report on searches for the singly-Cabibbo-suppressed Ds+ decay modes K+ eta, K+ eta', pi+ K0S, K+ pi0, and the isospin-forbidden decay mode Ds+ to pi+ pi0. We normalize with respect to the Cabibbo-favored Ds+ modes pi+ eta, pi+ eta', and K+ K0S, and obtain ratios of branching fractions: Ds+ to K+ eta / Ds+ to pi+ eta = (8.9 +- 1.5 +- 0.4)%, Ds+ to K+ eta' / Ds+ to pi+ eta' = (4.2 +- 1.3 +- 0.3)%, Ds+ to pi+ K0S / Ds+ to K+ K0S = (8.2 +- 0.9 +- 0.2)%, Ds+ to K+ pi0 / Ds+ to K+ K0S = (5.0 +- 1.2 +- 0.6)%, and Ds+ to pi+ pi0 / Ds+ to K+ K0S < 4.1% at 90% CL, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: 9 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2007/, Submitted to PR

Measurement of the eta-Meson Mass using psi(2S) --> eta J/psi

We measure the mass of the eta meson using psi(2S) --> eta J/psi events acquired with the CLEO-c detector operating at the CESR e+e- collider. Using the four decay modes eta --> gamma gamma, 3pi0, pi+pi-pi0, and pi+pi-gamma, we find M(eta)=547.785 +- 0.017 +- 0.057 MeV, in which the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This result has an uncertainty comparable to the two most precise previous measurements and is consistent with that of NA48, but is inconsistent at the level of 6.5sigma with the much smaller mass obtained by GEM.Comment: 10 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2007/, Submitted to PR

Di-electron Widths of the Upsilon(1S,2S,3S) Resonances

We determine the di-electron widths of the Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S) resonances with better than 2% precision by integrating the cross-section of e+e- -> Upsilon over the e+e- center-of-mass energy. Using e+e- energy scans of the Upsilon resonances at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring and measuring Upsilon production with the CLEO detector, we find di-electron widths of 1.354 +- 0.004 (stat) +- 0.020 (syst) keV, 0.619 +- 0.004 +- 0.010 keV, and 0.446 +- 0.004 +- 0.007 keV for the Upsilon(1S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(3S), respectively.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2005/, published in PRL; corrected numerical values in abstrac

Search for Light CP-odd Higgs in Radiative Decays of Upsilon(1S)

We search for a non-SM-like CP-odd Higgs boson (a0_1) with m(a0_1)< 2m(b) in radiative decays of the Upsilon(1S), using 21.5M Upsilon(1S) mesons directly produced in e+e- annihilation. We investigate a0_1 --> tau+tau- and a0_1 --> mu+mu- decay channels. No significant signal is found. We obtain upper limits on the product of B(Upsilon(1S)-->gamma a0_1) and B(a0_1-->tau+tau-) or B(a0_1-->mu+mu-). Our tau+tau- results are almost two orders of magnitude more stringent than previous upper limits. Our data provide no evidence for a Higgs state with a mass of 214 MeV decaying to mu+mu-. Existence of such a state was previously proposed as an explanation for 3 Sigma+ --> p mu+mu- events, having mu+mu- masses just above the kinematic threshold, observed by the HyperCP experiment. Our results constrain NMSSM models.Comment: 12 pages, available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, submitted to PR

Search for Lepton Flavor Violation in Upsilon Decays

In this Letter we describe a search for lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the bottomonium system. We search for leptonic decays of Upsilon(nS)(n=1,2, and 3) into muon and tau using the data collected with the CLEO III detector. We identify the tau lepton using its leptonic decay into electron and utilize multidimensional likelihood fitting with PDF shapes measured from independent data samples. We report our estimates of 95% CL upper limits on LFV branching fractions of Upsilon mesons. We interpret our results in terms of the exclusion plot for the energy scale of a hypothetical new interaction versus its effective LFV coupling in the framework of effective field theory.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/, submitted to PR

Measurement of B(Ds+ -->ell+ nu) and the Decay Constant fDs From 600/pb of e+e- Annihilation Data Near 4170 MeV

We examine e+e- --> Ds^-D_s^{*+} and Ds^{*-}Ds^{+} interactions at 4170 MeV using the CLEO-c detector in order to measure the decay constant fDs with good precision. Previously our measurements were substantially higher than the most precise lattice based QCD calculation of (241 +/- 3) MeV. Here we use the D_s^+ --> ell^+ nu channel, where the ell^+ designates either a mu^+ or a tau^+, when the tau^+ --> pi^+ anti-nu. Analyzing both modes independently, we determine B(D_s^+ --> mu^+ nu)= 0.565 +/- 0.045 +/- 0.017)%, and B(D_s^+ --> mu^+ nu)= (6.42 +/- 0.81 +/- 0.18)%. We also analyze them simultaneously to find an effective value of B^{eff}(D_s^+ --> mu^+ nu)= (0.591 +/- 0.037 +/- 0.018)% and fDs=(263.3 +/- 8.2 +/- 3.9) MeV. Combining with the CLEO-c value determined independently using D_s^+ --> tau^+ nu, tau^+ --> e^+ nu anti-nu decays, we extract fDs=(259.5 +/- 6.6 +/- 3.1) MeV. Combining with our previous determination of B(D^+ --> mu^+ nu), we extract the ratio fDs/fD+=1.26 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.02. No evidence is found for a CP asymmetry between Gamma(D_s^+ --> mu^+\nu) and \Gamma(D_s^- --> mu^- nu); specifically the fractional difference in rates is measured to be (4.8 +/- 6.1)%. Finally, we find B(D_s^+ --> e^+ nu) < 1.2x10^{-4} at 90% confidence level.Comment: 26 pages, 16 figure