Multigene Molecular Systematics Confirm Species Status of Morphologically Convergent Pagurus Hermit Crabs

Introduction: In spite of contemporary morphological taxonomy appraisals, apparent high morphological similarity raises uncertainty about the species status of certain Pagurus hermit crabs. This is exemplified between two European species, Pagurus excavatus (Herbst, 1791) and Pagurus alatus (Fabricius 1775), whose species status is still difficult to resolve using morphological criteria alone. Methodology/Principal Findings: To address such ambiguities, we used combinations of Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) methods to delineate species boundaries of P. alatus and P. excavatus and formulate an intermediate Pagurus phylogenetic hypothesis, based upon single and concatenated mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase I [COI]) and nuclear (16S and 28s ribosomal RNA) gene partitions. The molecular data supported the species status of P. excavatus and P. alatus and also clearly resolved two divergent clades within hermit crabs from the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Conclusions/Significance: Despite the abundance and prominent ecological role of hermit crabs, Pagurus, in North East Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea ecosystems, many important aspects of their taxonomy, biology, systematics and evolution remain poorly explored. The topologies presented here should be regarded as hypotheses that can be incorporated into the robust and integrated understanding of the systematic relationships within and between species of the genus Pagurus inhabiting the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea

Influencе of autoimmune thyreoiditis on intellect in young people in West Kazakhstan

The authors investigated influence of autoimmune thyreoiditis (AIT) in the phase of euthyreosis and subclinic hypothyreosis on the level of the intellectual development. There were examined 92 persons (mean age - 22,3 years old). Among them there were 67 pts with AIT (basic group) and 25 healthy people. Intellectual level in AIT was examined in 4 groups. The 1st group of 25 pts is controlled; the 2nd - of 24 pts - with euthyreosic AIT; the 3rd of 22 pts - with subclinic hypothyreosis; the 4th of 21 pts - with manifestal hypothyreosis. There were used clinic, ultrasonic investigations, determing free thyroxin fraction, TTG. The evaluation of mental development with calculating intellectual index IQ was investigated by means testing of D. Veksler method, adapting by A. Yu. Panasyuk. Data received revealed, that average total, verbal and nonverbal parameters in control group were 114 ± 8,1; 103 ± 23,1; 113 ± 15,2 respectively. AIT development was accompanied by the decrease of intellectual level by data of the same tests. There were revealed lower levels of memory volume in AIT, than in control group. Conclusion: AIT was accompanied by decreasing intellect and memory in all investigated groups

Preliminary data of an investigations of the influence weather factors on hemodynamics in patients with arterial hypertension and ischmic heart disease in traditional therapy and complex therapy with melaxen

There were investigated two randomized groups, suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), received traditional therapy (TT) and complex therapy (CT) with including melaxen (Unipharm, USA). All 31 pts registered arterial blood pressure (BP) and HR in the morning and evening. Correlation analysis was realized between hemodynamic data and weather factors, obtained from IZMIRAN. There were found 64 significant correlation in a group with TT. Atmosphere pressure, temperature, div point were influense in bigger grad in the group with TT. Sencitivity was the most to HR, registered in the morning and evening. Including melaxen in a dose of 3 or 6 mg produced decreasing number of correlations till 35. Melaxen caused reduction of influence of temperature on hemodynamics. There was not found an influence of dew point, direction and velocity wind on same status as dew point, direction and velocity of wind on status in cardiovascular system

ROLE OF THE METABOLITE THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

Questions of metabolite therapy with drugs based on glutamic acid in patients with chronic heart failure are considered. Possible modes of action of these drugs are presented. Results of the proper study of glutamic acid based drug in chronic heart failure are presented as examples

EFFECTS OF METABOLIC DRUG ELTACINE ON CLINICAL, FUNCTIONAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

Aim. To study clinical efficacy of a new domestic metabolic drug Eltacine in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Material and methods. 134 patients with CHF of I-III functional classes were randomized in two parallel groups of patients receiving Eltacine or placebo additionally to standard therapy. Common clinical and laboratory investigations were used as well as 6-minute-walking test and Echocardiography. Besides Holter monitoring with determination of heart rate variability, peroxidal oxidation of lipids (POL) and cell anti-oxidant protection were implemented.Results. Eltacine increased in tolerance to physical burden, improved cardiac haemodynamics, parameters of POL and cell anti-oxidant protection, improved the patient quality of life.Conclusion. The efficacy and safety of Eltacine as metabolic and antioxidant therapy was shown in patients with CHF.</p