The future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economies

“The Future is distributed: a vision of sustainable economies” is a collection of case studies on distributed economies, a concept describing sustainable alternatives to the existing business models. The authors of this publication are international Masters students of the Environmental Sciences, Policy and Management Programme at the International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics at Lund University in Sweden. The aim of their work is to demonstrate that local, small-scale, community-based economies are not just part of the theory, but have already been implemented in various sectors and geographical settings

Peculiarities of manifestations of chronic diseases after a Covid-19 coronavirus infection

The aim of the work was to study specific features of manifestations of chronic noninfectious diseases in persons after COVID-19 coronavirus infection to substantiate preventive and rehabilitative measures.Цель работы – изучить особенности проявлений хронических неинфекционных заболеваний у лиц после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 для обоснования профилактических и реабилитационных мероприятий

Cause of Death and Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation : Data From ROCKET AF

M. Kaste on työryhmän ROCKET AF Steering Comm jäsen.Background-Atrial fibrillation is associated with higher mortality. Identification of causes of death and contemporary risk factors for all-cause mortality may guide interventions. Methods and Results-In the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF) study, patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were randomized to rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted warfarin. Cox proportional hazards regression with backward elimination identified factors at randomization that were independently associated with all-cause mortality in the 14 171 participants in the intention-to-treat population. The median age was 73 years, and the mean CHADS(2) score was 3.5. Over 1.9 years of median follow-up, 1214 (8.6%) patients died. Kaplan-Meier mortality rates were 4.2% at 1 year and 8.9% at 2 years. The majority of classified deaths (1081) were cardiovascular (72%), whereas only 6% were nonhemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. No significant difference in all-cause mortality was observed between the rivaroxaban and warfarin arms (P=0.15). Heart failure (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.33-1.70, P= 75 years (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.51-1.90, P Conclusions-In a large population of patients anticoagulated for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, approximate to 7 in 10 deaths were cardiovascular, whereasPeer reviewe

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome. Pathogenesis issues

Сatastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is an uncommon, often fatal, variant of the antiphospholipid syndrome that results in a widespread coagulopathy and high titres os antiphospholipid antibodies and affects predominantly small vessels supplying organs with the development of multiorgan failure. International approaches on terminology, risk factors, pathogenesis, criteria of diagnostics, clinical symptoms and management of patients with CAPS are reviewed. Own clinical experience of management 17 patients with CAPS development also presented. CAPS is life-threatening condition but optimal treatment for CAPS is not developed yet. CAPS presents a multidisciplinary problem

Primary idiopathic hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in a child: characteristics of the disease with a case report

The paper gives the data available in the literature on the relatively rare disease hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA). This syndrome includes symptoms, such as clubbed fingers (hypertrophy of the distal phalanges), periostosis (subperiosteal new bone formation along the distal diaphysis of the long bones with further progression in the proximal direction) and arthritis, as well as skin changes (pachydermia) that are not an obligate sign. There is information concerning the pathogenesis, clinical, laboratory, and instrumental manifestations of this disease. The paper describes a clinical case of primary HOA in a teenager who has been misdiagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It shows the necessity of including HOA in the spectrum of differential diagnosis in children with articular involvement since HOA may resemble JIA in its clinical manifestations. Patients with primary HOA who have been misdiagnosed with JIA have a long ineffective experience with immunosuppressive and sometimes even glucocorticoid therapies. The specific features that can distinguish the full form of primary HOA from chronic arthritis is the absence of inflammatory changes in the synovial fluid, the presence of clubbed fingers, pachydermia and the lack of morning stiffness

Analyzing the Effectiveness of Adipose Tissue Stem Cell and Microvesicle Therapy in Premature Skin Aging Caused by Chronic Exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation

© 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and microvesicles (MVs) isolated from ADSCs are promising therapeutic agents for various pathological and physiological skin conditions. Investigate the effects of ADSC and MV therapy on skin regeneration under photoaging conditions in vivo. CD-1 mice were exposed to a course of UV radiation exposure for 6 weeks. After 4 weeks, the animals were injected by multiple intradermal punctures with ADSCs, MVs, or PBS. To analyze the effectiveness of ADSCs and MVs, changes in the microcirculation within the dorsal skin of the mice was assessed using laser Doppler flowmetry. Morphometric and morphological assessment of histological changes were also performed. No differences in skin perfusion were identified at 4 weeks post-injection of ADSCs and MVs. However, histological analysis showed treatment with ADSCs and MVs both led to a decrease in UV-mediated epidermal thickening and improved organization of the dermal layer. ADSC- and ADSC-MV-based therapy acts to prevent skin damage caused by UV photoaging

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells applied in fibrin glue stimulate peripheral nerve regeneration

© 2019 Masgutov, Masgutova, Mullakhmetova, Zhuravleva, Shulman, Rogozhin, Syromiatnikova, Andreeva, Zeinalova, Idrisova, Allegrucci, Kiyasov and Rizvanov. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold a great promise for cell therapy. To date, they represent one of the best choices for the treatment of post-traumatic injuries of the peripheral nervous system. Although autologous can be easily transplanted in the injured area, clinical advances in this filed have been impaired by lack of preservation of graft cells into the injury area after transplantation. Indeed, cell viability is not retained after injection into the blood stream, and cells injected directly into the area of injury either are washed off or inhibit regeneration through scar formation and neuroma development. This study proposes a new way of MSCs delivery to the area of traumatic injury by using fibrin glue, which not only fixes cells at the site of application but also provides extracellular matrix support. Using a sciatic nerve injury model, MSC derived from adipose tissue embedded in fibrin glue were able to enter the nerve and migrate mainly retrogradely after transplantation. They also demonstrated a neuroprotective effect on DRG L5 sensory neurons and stimulated axon growth and myelination. Post-traumatic changes of the sensory neuron phenotype were also improved. Importantly, MSCs stimulated nerve angiogenesis and motor function recovery. Therefore, our data suggest that MSC therapy using fibrin glue is a safe and efficient method of cell transplantation in cases of sciatic nerve injury, and that this method of delivery of regeneration stimulants could be beneficial for the successful treatment of other central and peripheral nervous system conditions