351 research outputs found
Stability of quantum states of finite macroscopic systems against classical noises, perturbations from environments, and local measurements
We study the stability of quantum states of macroscopic systems of finite
volume V, against weak classical noises (WCNs), weak perturbations from
environments (WPEs), and local measurements (LMs). We say that a pure state is
`fragile' if its decoherence rate is anomalously great, and `stable against
LMs' if the result of a LM is not affected by another LM at a distant point. By
making full use of the locality and huge degrees of freedom, we show the
following: (i) If square fluctuation of every additive operator is O(V) or less
for a pure state, then it is not fragile in any WCNs or WPEs. (ii) If square
fluctuations of some additive operators are O(V^2) for a pure state, then it is
fragile in some WCNs or WPEs. (iii) If a state (pure or mixed) has the `cluster
property,' then it is stable against LMs, and vice versa. These results have
many applications, among which we discuss the mechanism of symmetry breaking in
finite systems.Comment: 6 pages, no figure.Proof of the theorem is described in the revised
manuscrip
Isolated Eigenvalues of the Ferromagnetic Spin-J XXZ Chain with Kink Boundary Conditions
We investigate the low-lying excited states of the spin J ferromagnetic XXZ
chain with Ising anisotropy Delta and kink boundary conditions. Since the third
component of the total magnetization, M, is conserved, it is meaningful to
study the spectrum for each fixed value of M. We prove that for J>= 3/2 the
lowest excited eigenvalues are separated by a gap from the rest of the
spectrum, uniformly in the length of the chain. In the thermodynamic limit,
this means that there are a positive number of excitations above the ground
state and below the essential spectrum
Model-independent Study of Electric Dipole Transitions in Quarkonium
The paper contains a systematic, model-independent treatment of electric
dipole (E1) transitions in heavy quarkonium. Within the effective field theory
framework of potential non-relativistic QCD (pNRQCD), we derive the complete
set of relativistic corrections of relative order v^2 both for weakly and
strongly-coupled quarkonia. The result supports and complements former results
from potential model calculations.Comment: 42 pages, 9 figure
Implementing Quantum Gates using the Ferromagnetic Spin-J XXZ Chain with Kink Boundary Conditions
We demonstrate an implementation scheme for constructing quantum gates using
unitary evolutions of the one-dimensional spin-J ferromagnetic XXZ chain. We
present numerical results based on simulations of the chain using the
time-dependent DMRG method and techniques from optimal control theory. Using
only a few control parameters, we find that it is possible to implement one-
and two-qubit gates on a system of spin-3/2 XXZ chains, such as Not, Hadamard,
Pi-8, Phase, and C-Not, with fidelity levels exceeding 99%.Comment: Updated Acknowledgement
Effective field theories for baryons with two- and three-heavy quarks
Baryons made of two or three heavy quarks can be described in the modern
language of non-relativistic effective field theories. These, besides allowing
a rigorous treatment of the systems, provide new insight in the nature of the
three-body interaction in QCD.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure; published versio
Thermodynamics of the anisotropic Heisenberg chain calculated by the density matrix renormalization group method
The density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method is applied to the
anisotropic Heisenberg chain at finite temperatures. The free energy of the
system is obtained using the quantum transfer matrix which is iteratively
enlarged in the imaginary time direction. The magnetic susceptibility and the
specific heat are calculated down to T=0.01J and compared with the Bethe ansatz
results. The agreement including the logarithmic correction in the magnetic
susceptibility at the isotropic point is fairly good.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figures, REVTeX, to appear in J. Phys. Soc.
Jpn. Vol.66 No.8 (1997
On the density matrix for the kink ground state of higher spin XXZ chain
The exact expression for the density matrix of the kink ground state of
higher spin XXZ chain is obtained
Takahashi Integral Equation and High-Temperature Expansion of the Heisenberg Chain
Recently a new integral equation describing the thermodynamics of the 1D
Heisenberg model was discovered by Takahashi. Using the integral equation we
have succeeded in obtaining the high temperature expansion of the specific heat
and the magnetic susceptibility up to O((J/T)^{100}). This is much higher than
those obtained so far by the standard methods such as the linked-cluster
algorithm. Our results will be useful to examine various approximation methods
to extrapolate the high temperature expansion to the low temperature region.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
From Ground States to Local Hamiltonians
Traditional quantum physics solves ground states for a given Hamiltonian,
while quantum information science asks for the existence and construction of
certain Hamiltonians for given ground states. In practical situations, one
would be mainly interested in local Hamiltonians with certain interaction
patterns, such as nearest neighbour interactions on some type of lattices. A
necessary condition for a space to be the ground-state space of some local
Hamiltonian with a given interaction pattern, is that the maximally mixed state
supported on is uniquely determined by its reduced density matrices
associated with the given pattern, based on the principle of maximum entropy.
However, it is unclear whether this condition is in general also sufficient. We
examine the situations for the existence of such a local Hamiltonian to have
satisfying the necessary condition mentioned above as its ground-state
space, by linking to faces of the convex body of the local reduced states. We
further discuss some methods for constructing the corresponding local
Hamiltonians with given interaction patterns, mainly from physical points of
view, including constructions related to perturbation methods, local
frustration-free Hamiltonians, as well as thermodynamical ensembles.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, to be published in PR
Decay of Superconducting and Magnetic Correlations in One- and Two-Dimensional Hubbard Models
In a general class of one and two dimensional Hubbard models, we prove upper
bounds for the two-point correlation functions at finite temperatures for
electrons, for electron pairs, and for spins. The upper bounds decay
exponentially in one dimension, and with power laws in two dimensions. The
bounds rule out the possibility of the corresponding condensation of
superconducting electron pairs, and of the corresponding magnetic ordering. Our
method is general enough to cover other models such as the t-J model.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, no figures. A reference appeared after the
publication is adde
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