Cardiac comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Diagnosis and economics

Aim: To provide a clinical and economic rationale for the comprehensive examination of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by using functional and ultrasound methods for the early detection of cardiac comorbidity. Subjects and methods: Three hundred and sixteen patients (33 with COPD, 44 with COPD + hypertension, 73 with COPD + coronary heart disease (CHD), 36 with hypertension, 50 with CHD, 19 with asthma, and 28 with asthma + hypertension) and 33 apparently healthy individuals were examined using 611 indicators obtained directly or by calculation during echocardiography, carotid artery duplex scanning, and 24-hour electrocardiographic (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Results: Cardiovascular diseases develop in patients with COPD in its early stages. In cardiac comorbidity, the length of hospital stay increases by 1-1.5 days in patients with COPD; the number of people admitted to hospital more than once every 3 years rises from 14 to 28%; the cost of a pharmacotherapy cycle is 1.35- and 2.95-fold higher when COPD is concurrent with hypertension and CHD, respectively. Conclusion: In addition to ECG and spirometry, the management standard for patients with COPD should include echocardiography, 24-hour ECG and BP monitoring, and, according to their results, carotid artery duplex scanning

Utilization of photon orbital angular momentum in the low-frequency radio domain

We show numerically that vector antenna arrays can generate radio beams which exhibit spin and orbital angular momentum characteristics similar to those of helical Laguerre-Gauss laser beams in paraxial optics. For low frequencies (< 1 GHz), digital techniques can be used to coherently measure the instantaneous, local field vectors and to manipulate them in software. This opens up for new types of experiments that go beyond those currently possible to perform in optics, for information-rich radio physics applications such as radio astronomy, and for novel wireless communication concepts.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. Changed title, identical to the paper published in PR

Subcutaneous dirofilariasis of maxillofacial localization - a rare clinical case

Dirofilariasis is a tropical helminthosis caused by nematodes - filariae. The are characterized by long incubation period, slow disease development and its long chronic course. Dirofilariasis can be catched from humans and animals, it is transmitted through insect bites (mosquitoes, gadflies, sand flies, midges). Dirofilariasis is endemic to areas with warm and humid climate. In Russia, the disease is atypical, with the absence of mature nematodes and microfilariae in the tissues. This disease is not typical for the Republic of Tatarstan and only isolated cases of parasite localization in the eyeball were previously recorded. The article presents a rare clinical case of subcutaneous localization of nematode of dirofilaria in the maxillofacial region. The patient was diagnosed with tumor-like neoplasm of the maxillofacial region, on the removal of which a live incapsulated parasite was found. The patient had no history of visiting endemic countries

Equivalence of conservation laws and equivalence of potential systems

We study conservation laws and potential symmetries of (systems of) differential equations applying equivalence relations generated by point transformations between the equations. A Fokker-Planck equation and the Burgers equation are considered as examples. Using reducibility of them to the one-dimensional linear heat equation, we construct complete hierarchies of local and potential conservation laws for them and describe, in some sense, all their potential symmetries. Known results on the subject are interpreted in the proposed framework. This paper is an extended comment on the paper of J.-q. Mei and H.-q. Zhang [Internat. J. Theoret. Phys., 2006, in press].Comment: 10 page

Determination of dental and hygienic status in children with cleft lip and palate in the region with ecotoxicant

The analysis of the results of dental examination in children with congenital cleft lip and palate at the age of 3 years and 6 years and in children without this pathology was made. Based on the results of a dental examination in the Republic of Bashkortostan, as a region with unfavorable environmental factors, it is noted: children with congenital cleft lip and palate have a higher percentage of tooth decay, higher level of caries intensity, much worse oral hygiene.Произведён анализ результатов стоматологического обследования у детей с врожденной расщелиной губы и неба в возрасте 3-х лет и 6-ти лет и у детей без данной патологии. На основании результатов проведенного стоматологического обследования в Республике Башкортостан – как регионе с неблагоприятными экологическими факторами, отмечено: у детей с врожденной расщелиной губы и неба более высокий процент поражения кариесом зубов, выше уровень интенсивности кариеса, значительно хуже гигиена полости рта

Modern X-ray methods for studying bone tissue in experimental animal Studies

This literature review is devoted to the study of modem X-ray methods for studying bone tissue in animal experiments. As a result of the work, an analysis of the published scientific data of Russian literary sources was conducted, in which many instrumental methods of bone tissue research are considered. We attributed the studies of well-known traumatologists of the Russian Federation to these works, on the results of which we analyzed and made the appropriate conclusions for our scientific work. These include studies conducted on the basis of the following medical institutions of the Russian Federation: Ryazan State Medical University. Academician I.P. Pavlova 'Ministry of Health of Russia; traumatology and orthopedic department No. 2 at the Ekaterinburg Research Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology; Department of X-ray, ultrasound and radionuclide diagnostic methods of the FGU RNTs VTO' named after academician G. A llizarov. In addition, we studied scientific materials on X-ray densitometry, transosseous osteosynthesis, computed tomography, and contrast radiography. Analysis of the modem literature indicates the need for knowledge of instrumental methods of research of human organs and systems, a detailed study of aspects of various methods of instrumental diagnostics will allow us to apply each of them in the most appropriate clinical situation and, thus, to achieve timely establishment of an accurate diagnosis.Настоящий литературный обзор посвящен изучению современных рентгенологических методов исследования костной ткани в экспериментальных опытах на животных. В ходе работы проведен анализ опубликованных научных данных российских литературных источников, в которых рассматриваются инструментальные методы исследования костной ткани. В их число входят исследования, проведенные на базе следующих медицинских учреждений Российской Федерации: ГБОУ ВПО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. Академика И.П. Павлова» Минздрава России; травматолога - ортопедического отделения №2 в Екатеринбургском НИИ ортопедии и травматологии; отдела рентгеновских, ультразвуковых и радионуклидных методов диагностики ФГУ РНЦ «ВТО» имени академика Г. А Илизарова. Помимо этого, мы изучили научные материалы, посвященные вопросам рентгеновской денситометрии, чрескостного остеосинтеза, компьютерной томографии, контрастной рентгенографии. Анализ современной литературы указывает на необходимость знания инструментальных методов исследования органов и систем человека, подробное изучение аспектов различных методов инструментальной диагностики позволит применить каждый из них в наиболее подходящей клинической ситуации и, таким образом, добиться своевременного установления точного диагноза

Effects of Pesticides on Development of Tape 2 Diabetes Mellitus

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. Scope and quality of studies on direct or indirect (through obesity) effects of pesticides on the whole and certain drugs on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) acquiring epidemic proportions vary widely, not allowing to draw firm conclusions. To identify significance and degree of dependence of incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in adult population on the use of pesticides and new till technologies at regional level. Reports of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Tatarstan for the period from 2004 to 2016 were used. Cause and effect relationships of the parameters were assessed by means of multiple correlation and regression analysis with subsequent disperse one. Out of 116 992 patients with DM2 registered in the Republic, 116 977 were from the adult population. Relationships of DM2 (r=0.85) and obesity (0.71) prevalence with use of glyphosate preparations, tillage area according to no-till (r=0.97 and 0.89) and reduced-till (0.72 and 0.63) technologies were revealed. Correlation of agricultural indices with incidence of new cases of DM2 and obesity becomes significant only during the second-third year. The model of DM2 prevalence in case of the greatest effect of the volume of glyphosate use (R2=0.98; p<0.003), which correlated closely with the area with reduced-till and no-till technology (0.93 and 0.92; p<0.0001), was identified as the only one as informative (R2=0.93) and adequate of the variants of incidence rates of DM2, obesity and use of herbicides analysis. Increase of consumption of glyphosate-containing herbicides in conditions of no-till and reduced-till technologies contributes to growth of diabetes mellitus and obesity prevalence in adult population

Effects of Pesticides on Development of Tape 2 Diabetes Mellitus

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. Scope and quality of studies on direct or indirect (through obesity) effects of pesticides on the whole and certain drugs on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) acquiring epidemic proportions vary widely, not allowing to draw firm conclusions. To identify significance and degree of dependence of incidence rates of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity in adult population on the use of pesticides and new till technologies at regional level. Reports of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Tatarstan for the period from 2004 to 2016 were used. Cause and effect relationships of the parameters were assessed by means of multiple correlation and regression analysis with subsequent disperse one. Out of 116 992 patients with DM2 registered in the Republic, 116 977 were from the adult population. Relationships of DM2 (r=0.85) and obesity (0.71) prevalence with use of glyphosate preparations, tillage area according to no-till (r=0.97 and 0.89) and reduced-till (0.72 and 0.63) technologies were revealed. Correlation of agricultural indices with incidence of new cases of DM2 and obesity becomes significant only during the second-third year. The model of DM2 prevalence in case of the greatest effect of the volume of glyphosate use (R2=0.98; p<0.003), which correlated closely with the area with reduced-till and no-till technology (0.93 and 0.92; p<0.0001), was identified as the only one as informative (R2=0.93) and adequate of the variants of incidence rates of DM2, obesity and use of herbicides analysis. Increase of consumption of glyphosate-containing herbicides in conditions of no-till and reduced-till technologies contributes to growth of diabetes mellitus and obesity prevalence in adult population

Regional epidemiology of alcoholic dependence syndrome

© 2019 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved. Introduction. There are variable patterns of alcohol consumption in Russia that differ significantly between the regions. Awareness and knowledge of those regional differences are key to the effectiveness of measures to prevent and minimise possible damage to public health caused by alcohol consumption. The purpose. To identify regional characteristics of the dynamics of alcoholism and alcoholic psychosis and dependencies with indicators of the implementation and consumption of alcohol in Mari El in 2006-2017. Material and methods. In a retrospective analysis, they included state statistics and bulletins of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor on RME on the primary incidence and prevalence of alcohol dependence syndrome, chronic alcoholism, AP, acute alcohol poisoning, sales of alcohol through a distribution network in 2006-2017. Results. In the reported period of 2006-2017 there was a decline in determination coefficient (R2) from 0.76 to 0.96 for newly diagnosed cases of alcohol dependence in general, alcoholic psychosis and alcoholism in Mari El. There was a significant decline from 221.6 to 47.5 per 100 thousand in the range of values between regions, but higher rates remained among the rural and urban areas (p = 0.0002). The dynamics of the prevalence of alcoholic psychotic disorders and alcoholism were also on decline. Conclusion. The direction and extent of changes in the medical consequences of alcohol consumption (such as primary morbidity and prevalence of alcohol dependence syndrome, alcoholic psychosis and alcoholism, average duration of the course, number of alcoholic psychosis) in the region and indicators of the implementation and consumption of alcoholic beverages in the reported period can be evaluated as positive. It is crucial to ensure the positive trend in the alcohol consumption pattern and impact on public health in the region becomes a long-lasting one. At the same time, it is necessary to increase attention to the assistance and treatment provided to drug users patient