A Meta-Analysis of Procedures to Change Implicit Measures

Using a novel technique known as network meta-analysis, we synthesized evidence from 492 studies (87,418 participants) to investigate the effectiveness of procedures in changing implicit measures, which we define as response biases on implicit tasks. We also evaluated these procedures’ effects on explicit and behavioral measures. We found that implicit measures can be changed, but effects are often relatively weak (|ds| \u3c .30). Most studies focused on producing short-term changes with brief, single-session manipulations. Procedures that associate sets of concepts, invoke goals or motivations, or tax mental resources changed implicit measures the most, whereas procedures that induced threat, affirmation, or specific moods/emotions changed implicit measures the least. Bias tests suggested that implicit effects could be inflated relative to their true population values. Procedures changed explicit measures less consistently and to a smaller degree than implicit measures and generally produced trivial changes in behavior. Finally, changes in implicit measures did not mediate changes in explicit measures or behavior. Our findings suggest that changes in implicit measures are possible, but those changes do not necessarily translate into changes in explicit measures or behavior

Removing black-hole singularities with nonlinear electrodynamics

We propose a way to remove black hole singularities by using a particular nonlinear electrodynamics Lagrangian that has been recently used in various astrophysics and cosmological frameworks. In particular, we adapt the cosmological analysis discussed in a previous work to the black hole physics. Such analysis will be improved by applying the Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation to the black hole case. At the end, fixed the radius of the star, the final density depends only on the introduced quintessential density term $\rho_{\gamma}$ and on the mass.Comment: In this last updated version we correct two typos which were present in Eqs. (21) and (22) in the version of this letter which has been published in Mod. Phys. Lett. A 25, 2423-2429 (2010). In the present version, both of Eqs. (21) and (22) are dimensionally and analytically correc

Excited states in bilayer graphene quantum dots

We report on ground- and excited state transport through an electrostatically defined few-hole quantum dot in bilayer graphene in both parallel and perpendicular applied magnetic fields. A remarkably clear level scheme for the two-particle spectra is found by analyzing finite bias spectroscopy data within a two-particle model including spin and valley degrees of freedom. We identify the two-hole ground-state to be a spin-triplet and valley-singlet state. This spin alignment can be seen as Hund's rule for a valley-degenerate system, which is fundamentally different to quantum dots in carbon nano tubes and GaAs-based quantum dots. The spin-singlet excited states are found to be valley-triplet states by tilting the magnetic field with respect to the sample plane. We quantify the exchange energy to be 0.35meV and measure a valley and spin g-factor of 36 and 2, respectively

The efficacy of speech intervention using electopalatography with an 18 year old deaf client: A single case study

This single case study explored the use of EPG as a therapeutic tool for treating inaccurate articulation of the voiceless alveolar plosive /t/. The participant (M) is an 18-year-old deaf adult who consistently uses hearing aids, and who communicates using a combination of English, Sign Supported English and British Sign Language (BSL). M received traditional phonological therapy targeting his production of /t/ prior to EPG therapy, but without success. He requested further therapy and EPG was offered as an alternative approach. Pre-EPG therapy, M made tongue placement errors for both /t/ and the voiced alveolar plosive /d/. Based on perceptual analysis by M’s speech and language therapist, the first author, his productions were inconsistent, though generally perceived as voiceless and voiced velar plosives respectively. The EPG therapy consisted of 6 bi-weekly therapy sessions, each lasting for one hour, targeting M’s production of /t/ in familiar words, using the visual feedback from the EPG display. Trained and untrained listeners perceptually analysed audio recordings of words and sentences collected at 3 assessment points. Improvements, both over the course of the EPG therapy and during the follow-up period, were found to be statistically significant. Significantly, M was able to generalise his production skills to untaught words containing both /t/ and /d/. Equally significant was the lack of change in M’s production of a control sound, the voiceless dental fricative /θ/. More globally, an improvement was observed in ratings of M’s intelligibility in sentences and in his voice quality (assessed impressionistically)

Geology and palaeontology of a temporary exposure of the late Miocene Deurne sand in Antwerpen (N.Belgium)

A section of 6.10 m through the Deurne Sand Member (Diest Formation, Late Miocene) in Antwerpen (Antwerp) is described, which has been observed during the construction works of a new hospital building in the southern part of Deurne, and here called “Middelares Hospital Section” after that location. This temporary outcrop section can well be correlated with a similar one which was outcropping some 35 years ago, and was located at some 1.5 km to the NE. It was studied in detail by De Meuter et al. (1967), who called it the “Borgerhout-Rivierenhof VII B.R.” section. Since that section was the most relevant of the previously described sections in the Deurne Sand Member, it is here suggested to designate that section as stratotype for the member. Part of the fossil content, mainly the macrofossils (Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Ostracoda, Thoracica, Pisces, Reptilia and Mammalia) is listed. Two species of Terebratulidae (Pliothyrina sowerbyana (Nyst, 1843) and Terebratula cf. ampulla Brocchi, 1814) were recognized. The Mollusca are represented by 24 taxa, of which the Pectinidae are the most common. One undescribed ostracod taxon (Thaerocythere sp.) is restricted to the Deurne Sands and can be considered a stratigraphic marker for this member. Fossil Lepadomorpha are recorded for the first time from the Belgian Late Miocene. The Squalus sp. from the Deurne Sands closely resembles the Squalus sp. from the Gramian of Denmark. Preliminary data about a fairly complete skeleton of a Mysticete whale, probably belonging to the genus Plesiocetus Van Beneden (in Van Beneden & Gervais, 1880) are given. The recovered specimen of Ziphirostrum is characteristic of Z. laevigatum and is probably different from Z. belgicus. The molluscan fauna seems to point to a shallow environment with swiftly changing currents, moving sand bars or megaripples subjected to tidal currents. Palaeoclimatological data cannot be deducted from the fossils encountered

Ballistic deposition patterns beneath a growing KPZ interface

We consider a (1+1)-dimensional ballistic deposition process with next-nearest neighbor interaction, which belongs to the KPZ universality class, and introduce for this discrete model a variational formulation similar to that for the randomly forced continuous Burgers equation. This allows to identify the characteristic structures in the bulk of a growing aggregate ("clusters" and "crevices") with minimizers and shocks in the Burgers turbulence, and to introduce a new kind of equipped Airy process for ballistic growth. We dub it the "hairy Airy process" and investigate its statistics numerically. We also identify scaling laws that characterize the ballistic deposition patterns in the bulk: the law of "thinning" of the forest of clusters with increasing height, the law of transversal fluctuations of cluster boundaries, and the size distribution of clusters. The corresponding critical exponents are determined exactly based on the analogy with the Burgers turbulence and simple scaling considerations.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures. Minor edits: typo corrected, added explanation of two acronyms. The text is essentially equivalent to version

Simulation of heterogeneous motorised traffic at a signalised intersection

The characteristics of heterogeneous traffic (with variation in vehicle length) are significantly different from those for homogeneous traffic. The present study describes an overview of the development and validation of a stochastic heterogeneous traffic-flow simulation model for an urban single-lane two-way road, with controlled intersection. In this paper, the interaction between vehicle types during manoeuvres at the intersection are analysed in detail. Two different motorised vehicle types are considered namely cars and buses (or similar length vehicles). A two-component cellular automata (CA) based model is used. Traffic flow data, captured manually by Dublin City Council at a local intersection, are analysed to give a baseline on how the distribution of short and long vehicles affect throughput. It is anticipated that such detailed studies will aid traffic management and optimisation strategies for traffic flow

Measuring the mixing efficiency in a simple model of stirring:some analytical results and a quantitative study via Frequency Map Analysis

We prove the existence of invariant curves for a $T$--periodic Hamiltonian system which models a fluid stirring in a cylindrical tank, when $T$ is small and the assigned stirring protocol is piecewise constant. Furthermore, using the Numerical Analysis of the Fundamental Frequency of Laskar, we investigate numerically the break down of invariant curves as $T$ increases and we give a quantitative estimate of the efficiency of the mixing.Comment: 10 figure