29 research outputs found
Parasitoid competitive displacement and coexistence in citrus agroecosystems: linking species distribution with climate
Full text link[EN] The introduced parasitoid wasp Aphytis melinus, the most widespread natural
enemy of the California red scale (Aonidiella aurantii) and the superior competitor, has
displaced the native Aphytis chrysomphali from most citrus areas of the Mediterranean basin
and other citrus areas all over the world. However, our extensive survey data on the scale
parasitoid populations collected in 2004–2008 show that in large citrus areas of eastern Spain
both parasitoids coexist. Using field data from 179 orchards spatially divided in five citrusproducing
agroecosystems, we examined the mechanisms that could explain displacement or
coexistence between both Aphytis species in relation to weather conditions. The distribution
and abundance of the parasitoid species are related to the mean summer and winter
temperatures and relative humidity of each ecosystem. The relative proportion of A. melinus is
higher during the warm months, and the abundance of A. chrysomphali increases from south
to north, being higher in the cooler northern areas. Aphytis melinus has displaced A.
chrysomphali from hot and dry areas, whereas regions with mild summer temperatures and
moderate relative humidity present the optimal conditions for the coexistence of the two
parasitoids. The more negative effects of winter temperatures on A. melinus allow the earlier
use of the available host resource in late winter and spring by A. chrysomphali and the
coexistence of both parasitoids in the same orchard via temporal niche partitioning. We
combine previous literature on the behavior of Aphytis species in the laboratory under
different temperature and humidity conditions with our field results to confirm the role of
spatiotemporal weather conditions and seasonal changes in host stages on the variation of
Aphytis relative abundance and parasitoid coexistence.We thank Eugenia Rodrigo of the Ecosistemas Agroforestales Department of the Valencia Polytechnic University (Spain) for her help with Aphytis identification, Robert Luck from the University of California ( USA) for information on the sex ratio, and Alejandro Tena and Rosa Vercher from the Instituto Agroforestal Mediterraneo (Valencia, Spain), Maria Jesus Verdu (Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Spain), Jacques Van Alphen and Joan van Baaren from the ECOBIO Institute (Rennes, France) for their recommendations and critical review. Special thanks to all the Citrus Phytosanitary Survey staff for the field trap samples and the two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments on the manuscript. English corrections were carried out by Centro de Lenguas of the Valencia Polytechnic University. This work was supported by the AGL2005-07155-C03-03 project of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science.Sorribas Mellado, JJ.; Rodríguez, R.; García Mari, F. (2010). Parasitoid competitive displacement and coexistence in citrus agroecosystems: linking species distribution with climate. Ecological Applications. 4(20):1101-1104. https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1662.1S1101110442
Hymenoptera “parasitica” no estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
Get PDFA checklist composed of 105 species of parasitic Hymenoptera, which includes the non-aculeate Apocrita, recorded in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil, is presented. A new list, containing 153 genera obtained in recent surveys is also presented; out of these 131 are new records. The major knowledge gaps for these organisms in the State and the prospects for future studies for these organisms are discussed. © 2017, Fundacao Zoobotanica do Rio Grande do Sul. All rights reserved
Una subfamilia nueva de Himen\uf3pteros Chalcidoideos
No full textVolume: 22Start Page: 363End Page: 37
Enc\uedrtidos de Europe central nuevos o poco conocidos
No full textVolume: 22Start Page: 294End Page: 29
