Display for binary characters Patent

Cathode ray tube system for displaying ones and zeros in binary wave trai

Electron-beam deflection controlled by digital signals

Electron-beam deflection in electronic image converters is controlled by a tapped magnetic deflection yoke and a series of current generators. The generators supply equal current to each tap through digitally controlled switches, thereby increasing the inherent accuracy of the system

Parasitic copepods from Egyptian Red Sea fishes: Bomolochidae Claus, 1875

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PHARMACOKINETICS OF VANCOMYCIN IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS IN THAILAND

Objective: The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in critically ill patients are difficult to predict due to complex pathophysiological changes. Vancomycin is an antibiotic commonly used to treat serious gram positive bacterial infections in critically ill patients and the treatment goal is to rapidly achieve and maintain therapeutic concentrations. We assessed the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill patients to help guide dosing.Methods: A total of 138 patients with 299 vancomycin serum concentrations were included in this analysis. Vancomycin serum concentrations were measured using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Population pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using nonlinear mixed effects regression. Age, creatinine clearance (CrCL) and body weight were tested as potential covariates in the pharmacokinetic model.Results: Vancomycin concentration-time profiles were best described by a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with an additive error model for between subject variability. Creatinine clearance significantly influenced vancomycin clearance (CL). Mean population pharmacokinetic parameters (% between subject variability) were: CL 3.39 l/h (13%), central compartment volume of distribution (V1) 24.92 l (26%); and peripheral compartment volume of distribution (V2) 24.6 (37%).Conclusion: Higher clearance and a smaller volume of distribution of vancomycin was observed in critically-ill patients compared to those reported in non-critically ill patients with a similar distribution of renal function and body weight. Close monitoring of vancomycin serum concentrations is warranted in critically ill patients with dose interval adjustments based on the patient's creatinine clearance.Â

Atomic environments in iron meteorites using EXAFS

Extended x ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) is observed as a modulation on the high energy side of an x ray absorption edge. It occurs when the photo-ejected electron wave is scattered by neighboring atoms in a solid, and interference occurs between the outgoing and scattered waves. The result is that the absorption spectrum carries a signature that is characteristic of the identity and disposition of scattering atoms around the absorbing atom. Therefore, it may be shown that the Fourier transform of the normalized EXAFS can provide detailed information about the immediate environment of specific atoms in a solid and is ideally suited to the study of cosmic dusts. A study of cosmic dust was initiated using EXAFS and other techniques. The simplest type of cosmic material, namely iron meteorites, was investigated