Optimization of contaminated oxide inversion layer solar cell

Contaminated oxide cells have been fabricated with efficiencies of 8.6% with values of I sub sc = 120 ma, V sub oc = .54 volts, and curve factor of .73. Attempts to optimize the fabrication step to yield a higher output have not been successful. The fundamental limitation is the inadequate antireflection coating afforded by the silicon dioxide coating used to hold the contaminating ions. Coatings of SiO, therefore, were used to obtain a good antireflection coating, but the thinness of the coatings prevented a large concentration of the contaminating ions, and the cells was weak. Data of the best cell were .52 volts V sub oc, 110 ma I sub sc, .66 CFF and 6.7% efficiency

On an Abnormal Hyoid Bone in the Human Subject

The hyoid bone lies at the base of the tongue just above the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. It is not articulated with any other bone in the body. It is usually studied as consisting of five parts, all of which may readily be distinguished in the normal specimen, especially in the young subject. There is the body of the bone, or the basi-hyal; there are also two cerato-hyals, or lesser cornua, aud two thyro-hyals, or greater cornua. The whole forms a horse-shoe shaped bone to which the name hyoid has been given in allusion to the shape of the Greek letter upsilon, which the bone greatly resembles

The Geology of Crowley\u27s Ridge, Arkansas

Crowley\u27s Ridge is a low range of hills forming the only conspicuous feature in the topography of Northeastern Arkansas, and extends in a general north and south direction from the Missouri state line to the city of Helena, where it ends abruptly

Inversion layer solar cell fabrication and evaluation

Inversion layer solar cells were fabricated by etching through the diffused layer on p-type silicon wafers in a comb-like contact pattern. The charge separation comes from an induced p-n junction at the surface. The inverted surface is caused by a layer of transparent material applied to the surface that either contains free positive ions or that creates donor states at the interface. Cells are increased from 3 ma I sub sc to 100 ma by application of sodium silicate. The action is unstable, however, and decays. Non-mesa contaminated oxide cells were fabricated with short circuit currents of over 100 ma measured in the sun. Cells of this type have demonstrated stability

The Fishes of the Des Moines Basin

To one familiar with so much of the literature of science as pertains to the natural history of the State of Iowa it is surprising that so little has been done in relation to its fishes. A list designed to stand for the icthyic fauna of the State has yet to be compiled. There have appeared but three papers devoted to Iowa fishes. Of these three one was published under the auspices of the United States National Museum, the others were both published in Iowa, under Iowa auspices and by an Iowa man. The first of these papers lists thirty species from the Des Moines River, at Ottumwa, of which list two were new to science. The two forms were Notropis gilberti and Ammocrypta clara. From the Chariton River, at Chariton, there were listed in the same paper thirteen species. From the Hundred and Two River, near Bedford, there were taken nineteen forms. The latter stream furnished no new species while one, Etheostoma iowae, was found in the Chariton

Notes on the Native Forest Trees of Eastern Arkansas

During the summers of 1888 and 1889 opportunity was presented the writer, in connection with geologic work on the Geological Survey, to study somewhat carefully the tree flora of the region east of the Iron Mountain Railroad and north of the Arkansas River

The Tertiary Silicified Woods of Eastern Arkansas

The occurrence of silicified wood in the sands and gravels of the Tertiary of the Lower Mississippi Valley has long been known. Aside, however, from the numerous localities mentioned by Hilgard, nearly all of which are in the State of Mississippi, little attention has been given it. Numerous geologists have spoken of it or incidentally studied it in connection with other investigations, but hitherto no attempt has been made to recognize the species and fix their taxonomic value, if, indeed, they possess any such value. Among those who have investigated the Orange Sands and other Tertiary deposits of the Mississippi Valley and who have added to our information as to the occurrence of these fossils are Hilgard, Penrose, and Knowlton