Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Schiff Bases of Aryloxy Moiety

Schiff's bases are condensation products of primary amines with carbonyl compounds. Schiff bases (imines) possess wide variety of biological activities that include antibacterial and antifungal activity. In present work, Schiff bases from 3,5- Dimethoxyphenol (aryloxy moiety) as starting material synthesized. Esterification of 3,5- Dimethoxyphenol led to formation of (3,5-Dimethoxy-phenoxy)-acetic acid ethyl ester (1). (3,5-Dimethoxy-phenoxy)-acetic acid hydrazide (2) is derived from Compound (1) by hydrazination. Compound (2) was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes to yield novel imines or Schiff bases (3A-I). The newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of spectral studies and evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities. All the synthesized compounds had shown antibacterial and antifungal activity. Schiff bases 3C, 3D, 3E and 3I had shown good antimicrobial activity among all newly synthesized compounds. Keywords: Schiff base, aryloxy moiety, imine

STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AMLODIPINE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

The Aim of present work is to develop a simple, selective and precise, stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide. The chromatographic separation of the two drugs was achieved on a reverse phase Hypersil Gold, C18, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm column using mobile as Potassium dihydrogen buffer – Acetonitrile in ratio of 600:400 v/v (pH adjusted to 3.2±0.05 using orthophosphoric acid) with flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with injection volume 20 μl and the detection was carried out at 237 nm using UV detector. The retention time of amlodipine (Amlo) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) were found to be 3.80 and 6.48 min respectively. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.84-1.98 μg/ml for hydrochlorothiazide and 4.2-9.8 μg/ml for amlodipine. The method was validated for precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ, specificity, accuracy, system suitability and ruggedness as per ICH guidelines and the results were found to be within the limits. The developed method was used for the stability studies. The validated method can be used for routine quality control testing for HCT and Amlo combine dosage form

EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION

Objective: The present study describes the anti-microbial acivity of Acacia arabica and Butea monosperma bark extract.Methods: For this purpose aqueous extract of bark were prepared by Soxhlet extraction methodâ€. The experimentally induced burn wound model in rats by Excision methodâ€.Results: As a result of this study it was found that the extract of bark generally revealed antimicrobial and wound healing activity.Conclusion: The result of the study suggest that the Acacia arabica and Butea monosperma bark of polyherbal gel effective in accelerating wound healing process

STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AMLODIPINE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The aim of present work is to develop a simple, selective and precise, stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide. Methods: The chromatographic separation of the two drugs was achieved on a reverse phase Hypersil Gold, C18, 250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm column using mobile as Potassium dihydrogen buffer–Acetonitrile in ratio of 600:400 v/v (pH adjusted to 3.2±0.05 using orthophosphoric acid) with flow rate of 1.0 ml/min with injection volume 20 μl and the detection was carried out at 237 nm using UV detector. Results: The retention time of amlodipine (Amlo) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) were found to be 3.80 and 6.48 min respectively. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.84-1.98 μg/ml for hydrochlorothiazide and 4.2-9.8 μg/ml for amlodipine. Conclusion: The method was validated for precision, linearity, LOD and LOQ, specificity, accuracy, system suitability and ruggedness as per ICH guidelines and the results were found to be within the limits. The developed method was used for the stability studies. The validated method can be used for routine quality control testing for HCT and Amlo combine dosage form

Study of Typical Characteristics of Expansive Subgrade With Geotextiles and Cushion Materials

Well-built and maintained roads play a major role in the development of a nation. Hence considerable attention is required towards the widening of roads, their stability and periodic repair works. Since the beginning of modern highways, engineers have strived continuously to produce better pavement at lower cost. Most state highways in the central part of India have problems of foundation due to presence of expansive soil i.e. black cotton soil. For the improvement of such problematic soil, conventional technique of soil stabilization, use of cushion, use of moisture barriers, etc. has been adopted. The main objective of the research work was to study the typical characteristic of expansive soil and to control the swelling of expansive soil below flexible pavements. To achieve this aim work has been carried out with reinforcing geotextile overlain with cushion material. Effect of cushion material on swelling of expansive soil has been investigated alongwith the ability of geotextiles in locked and unlocked condition with cushion material was scrutinized. Better cushioning due to use of flyash can be attributed to pozzolanic activity forming stable compounds. It is observed that the use of flyash as cushion material provides better swelling control as compared to quarry dust. Unlocked geotextiles did not prove as effective as locked textiles with the use of either of the cushion materials. The unlocked textiles proved advantageous with quarry dust but did not prove as advantageous as only flyash. The most important two functions of geotextiles namely separating and reinforcement have been most effectively used in the locked condition. The study was further extended to stabilize the expansive soil with metakaolin. Swell pressure test and UCS results on samples treated using 1% metakaolin provided its effectiveness in controlling the swelling characteristics of expansive soil as well as strength improvement

Hepatoprotective Effect Of Allium Sativum And Acarus Calamus Extract In Cisplatin Induced Hepatotoxicity In Experimental Rats

The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not allium sativum and acarus calamus had a protective effect against the hepatotoxic effects of cisplatin when administered to experimental rats. The methods included randomly assigning rats to one of five different groups. Cisplatin was administered at a dosage of 7.5 mg/kg, which resulted in the induction of hepatotoxicity. Serum levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, and albumin, as well as hepatic hydroxy proline (HP), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA), cytokines, and NO were assessed. The findings of this research demonstrated that therapy with allium sativum and acarus calamus led to normal body and liver weights, but treatment with cisplatin led to reduced body weight and increased liver weight in rats. Cisplatin-treated rats exhibited elevated levels of serum AST, ALT, total bilirubin, HP, GSH, MDA, and cytokines. The administration of allium sativum and acarus calamus to rats resulted in a decrease in the oxidative stress, an inhibition of the production of cytokines in a dose-dependent manner, and protection against hepatotoxicity.  Allium sativum and acarus calamus were shown to have a protective effect against the hepatotoxicity caused by cisplatin, as was concluded by the research

MICROENCAPSULATION BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION METHOD OF BCS CLASS 4 DRUGS FOR BIOAVAILABILITY ENHANCEMENT

The microencapsulation process is used for size reduction with enclosing polymer coat on active pharmaceutical ingredient. The microencapsulation process used in present study is solvent evaporation process which formulated prior as o/o emulsification process. The polymer for encapsulation was selected based on drug entrapment efficiency and concentration of polymer mix was selected in ratio 1:2, further ratio was adjusted in central composite design for application of DOE in which independent variables was drug release after 2 hours and permeability across bio membrane after 4 hours. Results are shown revealed significant rise in bioavailability of drug than pure API. Scanning electron microscopy referred the size of microcapsule were in range of 10 - 5000 ðœ‡m. They were spherical in shape with a rough surface and good solubility. Microcapsule were seen in SEM images are sphere with rough surfaces in all batches irrelevant of drug used. Drug encapsulation efficiencies of all the polymes were higher than 90%, which suggested that this method has potential to prepare microcapsules with efficient drug loading and increased bioavailability. Keywords: Bioavailability Enhancement, Microencapsulation, Solvent Evaporation Technique, Design of Experiment (DOE), Quality by Design (QbD), Central Composite Design.Â

Phytochemicals and therapeutic potentials of Barleria lupulina

A well-known herb Barleria lupulina is traditionally used as a medicinal and decorative plant. The various parts of this plant are reported to contain a range of phytoconstituents, including terpenes and terpenoidal compounds, iridoid glucosides, iridoid diglucosides, phenylpropanoid glucosides, and phenylethanoid glucosides. Antibacterial, antiarthritic, CNS depressive, anti-osteoporotic, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects are present in isolated components and extract of B. lupulina. This in-depth analysis covers the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological use, and mechanism of action of B. lupulina

Retrospective analysis of patients’ experience to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

Why? • Gold standard • Bladder cancer incidence rates are highest in developed countries, especially Northern America and Europe • BCG treatment induction & maintenance has significant benefits, but also has significant side effects that tend to be seen within the first 12 months of treatment • To analyse the reasons for treatment interruption in everyday clinical practice in a large district hospita