CogCell: Cognitive Interplay between 60GHz Picocells and 2.4/5GHz Hotspots in the 5G Era

Rapid proliferation of wireless communication devices and the emergence of a variety of new applications have triggered investigations into next-generation mobile broadband systems, i.e., 5G. Legacy 2G--4G systems covering large areas were envisioned to serve both indoor and outdoor environments. However, in the 5G-era, 80\% of overall traffic is expected to be generated in indoors. Hence, the current approach of macro-cell mobile network, where there is no differentiation between indoors and outdoors, needs to be reconsidered. We envision 60\,GHz mmWave picocell architecture to support high-speed indoor and hotspot communications. We envisage the 5G indoor network as a combination of-, and interplay between, 2.4/5\,GHz having robust coverage and 60\,GHz links offering high datarate. This requires an intelligent coordination and cooperation. We propose 60\,GHz picocellular network architecture, called CogCell, leveraging the ubiquitous WiFi. We propose to use 60\,GHz for the data plane and 2.4/5GHz for the control plane. The hybrid network architecture considers an opportunistic fall-back to 2.4/5\,GHz in case of poor connectivity in the 60\,GHz domain. Further, to avoid the frequent re-beamforming in 60\,GHz directional links due to mobility, we propose a cognitive module -- a sensor-assisted intelligent beam switching procedure -- which reduces the communication overhead. We believe that the CogCell concept will help future indoor communications and possibly outdoor hotspots, where mobile stations and access points collaborate with each other to improve the user experience.Comment: 14 PAGES in IEEE Communications Magazine, Special issue on Emerging Applications, Services and Engineering for Cognitive Cellular Systems (EASE4CCS), July 201

A cross-sectional study of long-term satisfaction after surgery for congenital syndactyly:does skin grafting influence satisfaction?

Syndactyly correction without skin grafting is advocated because it prevents graft-related complications and donor site morbidity. In this cross-sectional study, we compared satisfaction among patients who underwent correction with and without skin grafting to determine preference based on subjective and objective parameters. Retrospective chart analysis was performed among 27 patients (49 webs) who were seen at follow-up after a median follow-up period of 7.4 years, at which the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, the Withey score and a satisfaction survey were used. Notably, there were no significant differences in complication rates or observer rated scar scores. Although the need for an additional surgical procedure was higher after skin grafting, patient-rated satisfaction scores were similar irrespective of the use of grafting. Our data suggest that corrections can best be performed without skin grafts if seeking to minimize the need for an additional procedure, but that the use of skin grafts does not appear to affect patient satisfaction. Level of evidence: IV

Treatment of immune-mediated temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD antibodies

AbstractPurposeTemporal lobe epilepsy with antibodies (abs) against the glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 isoform (GAD-TLE) is known as an immune-mediated neurological syndrome. Here we evaluate the therapy response to various immunotherapies and epilepsy surgery in this syndrome.MethodAll patients with GAD-TLE and follow-up data and stored serum and CSF samples, identified and treated at the Bonn centre from 2002 to 2010, were studied retrospectively. Seizure freedom for ≥1 year and reduction of ≥50%, i.e. therapy response, were assessed. GAD-ab titres and neuropsychological performances were documented prior and after individual interventions.ResultsThirteen patients with GAD-TLE were identified with the following seizure responses: corticosteroids (5 responders out of 11 treated patients); i.v. immunoglobulins (1/5), apheresis therapy (1/8); and natalizumab (1/1), selective amygdala-hippocampectomy (2/3). None of the patients achieved sustained seizure freedom apart from one patient. This patient was on antiepileptic drug treatment after discontinuation of immunotherapy.ConclusionThe seizure response to immunotherapies in patients with GAD-TLE was poor. Corticosteroids were the most effective regarding seizure response. Especially the poor effects of apheresis therapies support the idea that GAD-abs are not directly pathogenic. None of three patients was seizure-free after temporal lobe surgery suggesting that GAD-TLE patients respond worse than others to this type of intervention. Our results reflect the chronic course of the disease with low likelihood for patients with GAD-TLE to attain long-term seizure freedom

Strategies for Enriching Variant Coverage in Candidate Disease Loci on a Multiethnic Genotyping Array

Investigating genetic architecture of complex traits in ancestrally diverse populations is imperative to understand the etiology of disease. However, the current paucity of genetic research in people of African and Latin American ancestry, Hispanic and indigenous peoples in the United States is likely to exacerbate existing health disparities for many common diseases. The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology, Phase II (PAGE II), Study was initiated in 2013 by the National Human Genome Research Institute to expand our understanding of complex trait loci in ethnically diverse and well characterized study populations. To meet this goal, the Multi-Ethnic Genotyping Array (MEGA) was designed to substantially improve fine-mapping and functional discovery by increasing variant coverage across multiple ethnicities at known loci for metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, inflammatory, anthropometric, and a variety of lifestyle traits. Studying the frequency distribution of clinically relevant mutations, putative risk alleles, and known functional variants across multiple populations will provide important insight into the genetic architecture of complex diseases and facilitate the discovery of novel, sometimes population-specific, disease associations. DNA samples from 51,650 self-identified African ancestry (17,328), Hispanic/Latino (22,379), Asian/Pacific Islander (8,640), and American Indian (653) and an additional 2,650 participants of either South Asian or European ancestry, and other reference panels have been genotyped on MEGA by PAGE II. MEGA was designed as a new resource for studying ancestrally diverse populations. Here, we describe the methodology for selecting trait-specific content for use in multi-ethnic populations and how enriching MEGA for this content may contribute to deeper biological understanding of the genetic etiology of complex disease

Meditasi Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pre Menstruasi Sindrom Pada Remaja Putri

Menstruation which is usually accompanied by discomfort in activities is called premenstrual syndrome, including physical, psychological and emotional symptoms associated with hormonal changes that can cause a teenager to feel uncomfortable in his body, especially in the abdomen and breast area. Premenstrual syndrome can be prevented by therapy, one of which is meditation. Meditation is a diversion of attention to a deeper level of thought to enter the deepest level of thought and reach the source of thought, meditation is able to inhibit the negative effects of the sympathetic system that causes aggressive behavior in humans if they are disturbed. This community service activity is carried out online/online media to increase the knowledge and understanding of teenagers about meditation on reducing premenstrual syndrome pain and provide tutorials on relieving premenstrual syndrome pain through meditation. The implementation time of the activities in weeks 1 and 2. After counseling this community service activity is expected to increase the knowledge and skills of adolescents in practicing meditation to relieve premenstrual syndrome. The method used is online/online media and then conduct counseling about meditation on reducing premenstrual syndrome in adolescents using leaflets and videos. The results of this community service program are able to provide benefits for teenagers who experience premenstrual syndrome pain online in their respective regions during the Covid-19 pandemic who are the targets of this service. This form of online discussion is an effective form of providing new insights to adolescents who experience premenstrual syndrome pain, and this learning is accepted by teenagers in the implementation of community service programs, namely through Whatsapp Group by providing Power Points, videos of materials and practices, and obstacles. when doing community service online this is a network disturbance in their respective regions that hinders the discussion process.ABSTRAKMenstruasi yang biasa disertai ketidaknyamanan dalam beraktivitas disebut dengan pra menstruasi sindrom diantaranya seperti gejala fisik, psikologi dan emosional yang terkait dengan perubahan hormonal yang dapat menyebabkan seorang remaja merasakan tidak nyaman pada tubuhnya, terutama di area perut dan payudara. Pra menstruasi sindrom dapat dicegah dengan terapi, salah satu terapinya adalah meditasi. Meditasi merupakan pengalihan perhatian ketingkat pemikiran yang lebih dalam hingga masuk ke tingkat pemikiran yang paling dalam dan mencapai sumber pemikiran, meditasi mampu menghambat efek negative dari system simpatis yang menimbulkan sikap agresif pada manusia jika medapat gangguan. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilakukan secara daring/media online untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para remaja tentang meditasi terhadap penurunan nyeri pra menstruasi sindrom sertamemberikan tutorial meringankannyeri pra menstruasi sindrom melalui meditasi. Waktu pelaksanaan kegiatan pada minggu ke 1 dan 2. Setelah penyuluhan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan remaja dalam mempraktikan meditasi untuk meringankan pra menstruasi sindrom. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara daring/ media online kemudian melakukan penyuluhan tentang meditasi terhadap penurunan pra menstruasi sindrom pada remaja menggunakan leaflet dan video. Hasil dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini mampu memberikan manfaat bagi remaja-remaja yang mengalami nyeri premenstruasi sindrom secara daring diwilayah masing-masing selama masa pandemi Covid-19 yang menjadi sasaran pengabdian ini. Bentuk diskusi secara daring ini merupakan bentuk yang efektif untuk memberikan wawasan baru kepada remaja yang mengalami nyeri premenstruasi sindrom, dan pembelajaran ini diterima oleh remaja-remaja dalam pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat yaitu melalui Whatsapp Group dengan memberikan Power Point, video materi dan praktik, dan kendala saat melakukan pengabdian masyrakat secara daring ini adalah gangguan jaringan pada daerah masing - masing yang menghambat selama proses diskusi

Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Rasmussen encephalitis: A European consensus statement

Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare but severe immune-mediated brain disorder leading to unilateral hemispheric atrophy, associated progressive neurological dysfunction and intractable seizures. Recent data on the pathogenesis of the disease, its clinical and paraclinical presentation, and therapeutic approaches are summarized. Based on these data, we propose formal diagnostic criteria and a therapeutic pathway for the management of RE patient

The orbit of 2010 TK7. Possible regions of stability for other Earth Trojan asteroids

Recently the first Earth Trojan has been observed (Mainzer et al., ApJ 731) and found to be on an interesting orbit close to the Lagrange point L4 (Connors et al., Nature 475). In the present study we therefore perform a detailed investigation on the stability of its orbit and moreover extend the study to give an idea of the probability to find additional Earth-Trojans. Our results are derived using different approaches: a) we derive an analytical mapping in the spatial elliptic restricted three-body problem to find the phase space structure of the dynamical problem. We explore the stability of the asteroid in the context of the phase space geometry, including the indirect influence of the additional planets of our Solar system. b) We use precise numerical methods to integrate the orbit forward and backward in time in different dynamical models. Based on a set of 400 clone orbits we derive the probability of capture and escape of the Earth Trojan asteroids 2010 TK7. c) To this end we perform an extensive numerical investigation of the stability region of the Earth's Lagrangian points. We present a detailed parameter study in the regime of possible stable tadpole and horseshoe orbits of additional Earth-Trojans, i.e. with respect to the semi-major axes and inclinations of thousands of fictitious Trojans. All three approaches underline that the Earth Trojan asteroid 2010 TK7 finds himself in an unstable region on the edge of a stable zone; additional Earth-Trojan asteroids may be found in this regime of stability.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figure

Meditasi Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pre Menstruasi Sindrom Pada Remaja Putri

Menstruation which is usually accompanied by discomfort in activities is called premenstrual syndrome, including physical, psychological and emotional symptoms associated with hormonal changes that can cause a teenager to feel uncomfortable in his body, especially in the abdomen and breast area. Premenstrual syndrome can be prevented by therapy, one of which is meditation. Meditation is a diversion of attention to a deeper level of thought to enter the deepest level of thought and reach the source of thought, meditation is able to inhibit the negative effects of the sympathetic system that causes aggressive behavior in humans if they are disturbed. This community service activity is carried out online/online media to increase the knowledge and understanding of teenagers about meditation on reducing premenstrual syndrome pain and provide tutorials on relieving premenstrual syndrome pain through meditation. The implementation time of the activities in weeks 1 and 2. After counseling this community service activity is expected to increase the knowledge and skills of adolescents in practicing meditation to relieve premenstrual syndrome. The method used is online/online media and then conduct counseling about meditation on reducing premenstrual syndrome in adolescents using leaflets and videos. The results of this community service program are able to provide benefits for teenagers who experience premenstrual syndrome pain online in their respective regions during the Covid-19 pandemic who are the targets of this service. This form of online discussion is an effective form of providing new insights to adolescents who experience premenstrual syndrome pain, and this learning is accepted by teenagers in the implementation of community service programs, namely through Whatsapp Group by providing Power Points, videos of materials and practices, and obstacles. when doing community service online this is a network disturbance in their respective regions that hinders the discussion process.ABSTRAKMenstruasi yang biasa disertai ketidaknyamanan dalam beraktivitas disebut dengan pra menstruasi sindrom diantaranya seperti gejala fisik, psikologi dan emosional yang terkait dengan perubahan hormonal yang dapat menyebabkan seorang remaja merasakan tidak nyaman pada tubuhnya, terutama di area perut dan payudara. Pra menstruasi sindrom dapat dicegah dengan terapi, salah satu terapinya adalah meditasi. Meditasi merupakan pengalihan perhatian ketingkat pemikiran yang lebih dalam hingga masuk ke tingkat pemikiran yang paling dalam dan mencapai sumber pemikiran, meditasi mampu menghambat efek negative dari system simpatis yang menimbulkan sikap agresif pada manusia jika medapat gangguan. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilakukan secara daring/media online untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman para remaja tentang meditasi terhadap penurunan nyeri pra menstruasi sindrom sertamemberikan tutorial meringankannyeri pra menstruasi sindrom melalui meditasi. Waktu pelaksanaan kegiatan pada minggu ke 1 dan 2. Setelah penyuluhan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan remaja dalam mempraktikan meditasi untuk meringankan pra menstruasi sindrom. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara daring/ media online kemudian melakukan penyuluhan tentang meditasi terhadap penurunan pra menstruasi sindrom pada remaja menggunakan leaflet dan video. Hasil dari program pengabdian masyarakat ini mampu memberikan manfaat bagi remaja-remaja yang mengalami nyeri premenstruasi sindrom secara daring diwilayah masing-masing selama masa pandemi Covid-19 yang menjadi sasaran pengabdian ini. Bentuk diskusi secara daring ini merupakan bentuk yang efektif untuk memberikan wawasan baru kepada remaja yang mengalami nyeri premenstruasi sindrom, dan pembelajaran ini diterima oleh remaja-remaja dalam pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat yaitu melalui Whatsapp Group dengan memberikan Power Point, video materi dan praktik, dan kendala saat melakukan pengabdian masyrakat secara daring ini adalah gangguan jaringan pada daerah masing - masing yang menghambat selama proses diskusi

Implementation of the Damages Directive in England & Wales

The Dossier discusses the questions arising from the need to implement the EU Damages Directive 2014/104/EU in several European Member States. My contribution focuses on the need for implementation in England & Wales