ЭКСПЕДИЦИОННЫЕ РАДИОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ЯПОНСКОМ МОРЕ И СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ТИХОГО ОКЕАНА ПОСЛЕ АВАРИИ НА ЯПОНСКОЙ АЭС «ФУКУСИМА-1»: ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ

In the period from April 22 until May 20, 2011, an expedition aboard the research vessel “Pavel Gordienko” (Russian Federation) was carried out to the Sea of Japan and the Kuril-Kamchatka region of the Pacific Ocean. The main aim of the expedition was to study radioactive contamination of the atmospheric air and sea water after the accident at the NPP “Fukushima-1” in Japan. This paper provides preliminary results on the activity concentration of 137Cs and 134Cs in twenty four samples of sea water. The activity concentrations of 131I, 137Cs, 134Cs, and 7Be for twenty nine samples of atmospheric aerosols, which were sampled during the expedition, are also given. Despite the preliminary character of the results of this study, a generic conclusion on a negligible radiological impact of the anthropogenic gamma-ray-emitting radionuclides for the Far-Eastern sea areas of Russia can be reached. The investigations have been supported by a grant from the Russian Geographical Society.В период с 22 апреля по 20 мая 2011 г. на научно-исследовательском судне «Павел Гордиенко» (Российская Федерация) было проведено экспедиционное обследование Японского моря и Курило-Камчатского района Тихого океана. Основной целью экспедиции являлось исследование радиоактивного загрязнения воздушной и водной среды после аварии на АЭС «Фукусима-1» в Японии. В данной статье представлены предварительные результаты оценки содержания 137Cs и 134Cs в двадцати четырех пробах морской воды. Кроме этого, даны результаты определения содержания 131I, 137Cs, 134Cs, и 7Be в двадцати девяти пробах атмосферных аэрозолей, отобранных в рейсе. Несмотря на предварительный характер полученных результатов, проведенные исследования позволяют прийти к общему заключению о пренебрежимо малом влиянии изученных техногенных гамма-излучающих радионуклидов на радиационную обстановку в районах российского побережья Дальнего Востока. Грант на проведение исследований был выделен Попечительским советом Русского географического общества

Diagnostics of myocardial damage in premature newborns with transient heart disease in the early neonatal period

Purpose. To assess frequency and severity of myocardial damage in premature infants with transient myocardial ischemia in the early neonatal period.Materials and methods. The study includes 73 newborns of a gestational age of 31–36 weeks with respiratory failure and oxygen dependence in the first 2 hours of life. Newborns are divided into groups: Group 1: classic electrocardiographic criteria of transient myocardial ischemia and an increase in the level of troponin I in the blood; Group 2: electrocardiographic criteria for transient myocardial ischemia and a normal level of troponin I; Group 3: no ECG changes and normal troponin I level. We assessed blood gases, conducted electrocardiography, determined troponin I in the blood on the 1st and 7th day of life, assesses duration of oxygen therapy in all the children.Results. Group I: troponin I concentration on the 7th day of life – 0.415 [0.222; 0.639] ng/ml, Group II – 0.073 [0.051; 0.104] ng/ml and Group III – 0.017 [0.006; 0.051] ng/ml. Transient myocardial ischemia was detected in 41% of examined patients, and destructive myocardial changes – in 21.9%. An analysis of the gas composition of blood in the first 2 hours demonstrated that there was a significant predominance of the level of bases in the children of Group I. The duration of artificial ventilation in children of Group I was 56 [3; 96] hours, exceeding the indicators of children of Group II (9 [8; 11]) by 5 times, and Group III (20.5 [13; 72]) – by 2.5 times. Also newborns in Group I experienced a maximum need for oxygen therapy through a mask.Conclusion. 21.9% of premature infants experience destructive myocardial changes against the background of transient myocardial ischemia; newborns with transient myocardial ischemia and destructive changes have a significantly more pronounced metabolic acidosis in the first hours of life and a longer need for oxygen therapy