Search for Discrete Refractive Scattering Events

We have searched for discrete refractive scattering events (including effects due to possible non-multiple diffractive scattering) at meter wavelengths in the direction of two close by pulsars B0950+08 and B1929+10, where we looked for spectral signatures associated with the multiple imaging of pulsars due to scattering in the interstellar medium. We do not find any signatures of such events in the direction of either source over a spectral periodicity range of 50 KHz to 5 MHz. Our analysis puts strong upper limits on the column density contrast associated with a range of spatial scales of the interstellar electron density irregularities along these lines of sight.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY-INDICATING HPTLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF DARUNAVIR ETHANOLATE AND RITONAVIR

Objective: To develop and validate a new simple, accurate, precise and selective stability-indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for simultaneous estimation of Darunavir ethanolate and Ritonavir in combined tablet dosage form as per ICH guidelines.Methods: Chromatographic separation of drugs was performed on precoated silica gel aluminium plate 60 F254 (10 ×10) with 250 µm thicknesses (E. MERCK, Darmstadt, Germany) using a CAMAG Linomat 5 sample applicator (Switzerland). The mobile phase selected was Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Methanol (6: 2.5: 1.5, v/v/v) with UV detection at 250 nm.Results: The retention factor for Darunavir ethanolate and Ritonavir was found to be 0.29±0.005 and 0.50±0.07. Results were found to be linear in the concentration range of 200-1000 ng band-1for both the drugs. Intra-day variation, as RSD (%), was found to be in the range of 0.45 to 1.54 for Darunavir ethanolate and 0.22 to 0.64 for Ritonavir. Interday variation, as RSD (%) was found to be in the range of 0.64 to 1.48 for Darunavir ethanolate and 0.13 to 1.24 for Ritonavir. The lower values of % RSD obtained have proved that the method is precise and robust.Conclusion: Stability-indicating HPTLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation Darunavir ethanolate and Ritonavir and can be used for assessing the stability of Darunavir ethanolate and Ritonavir in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage form.Â

CYTOTOXICITY OF STEM EXTRACTS OF SELECTED CASSIA SPECIES AGAINST HELA AND BREAST CANCER CELL LINES IN VITRO

ABSTRACTObjective: The use of plants for medicinal remedies is an integral part of the Indian cultural life, and the traditional background of Indian medicineshows widespread use of plant products in cancer treatment. In this study, stem extracts of some selected Cassia species have been evaluated for theircytotoxic activities under in vitro conditions.Methods: The stems were shade dried at room temperature. The dried and coarsely powdered plant material were extracted with petroleum ether(60-80°C), chloroform, and ethanol using soxhlet apparatus. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay.Results: Stem extracts of three Cassia species, viz., Cassia glauca, Cassia Obtusifolia, and Cassia sophera have been evaluated for their cytotoxic activitieswith chloroform, ethanol and pet ether against HeLa and breast cancer cell lines. Among the three different solvents used at different concentrations,the chloroform extracts of all Cassia species exhibited maximum cytotoxicity (%) against both cell lines. The CTC50 values are revealed the cytotoxicpotential of C. glauca chloroform extracts against HeLa cell line and breast cancer cell lines with CTC50 values 180.00±3.0 and 146.67±0.5, respectively.Chloroform extracts of C. Obtusifolia and C. sophera showed maximum activity against HeLa (380.00±1.1 and 800.00±1.7, respectively) and breastcancer cell lines (310.00±1.1 and 633.33±0.6).Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate the potent cytotoxic activity of chloroform extracts of stems of Cassia species against HeLa andBreast cancer cell lines.Keywords: Cassia, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Cytotoxicity, HeLa, Breast cancer

A tunable, dual mode field-effect or single electron transistor

A dual mode device behaving either as a field-effect transistor or a single electron transistor (SET) has been fabricated using silicon-on-insulator metal oxide semiconductor technology. Depending on the back gate polarisation, an electron island is accumulated under the front gate of the device (SET regime), or a field-effect transistor is obtained by pinching off a bottom channel with a negative front gate voltage. The gradual transition between these two cases is observed. This dual function uses both vertical and horizontal tunable potential gradients in non-overlapped silicon-on-insulator channel

Electroweak Model Independent Tests for SU(3) Symmetry in Hadronic B Decays

We study effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model on SU(3) symmetry in charmless hadronic two body B decays. It is found that several equalities for some of the decay amplitudes, such as $A(B_d (B_u) \to \pi^+\pi^-,\pi^+ K^- (\pi^- \bar K^0)) =A(B_s \to K^+ \pi^-, K^- K^+ (K^0 \bar K^0))$, $A(B_d \to \pi^+\rho^-, \pi^- \rho^+, K^-\rho^+, \pi^+ K^{*-}) = A(B_s \to K^+ \rho^-, \pi^- K^{*+}, K^- K^{*+}, K^+ K^{*-})$, $A(B_d (B_u) \to \rho^+\rho^-, \rho^+ K^{*-}(\rho^- \bar K^{*0})) =A(B_s \to K^{*+} \rho^-, K^{*-} K^{*+} (K^{*0} \bar K^{*0}))$, predicted by SU(3) symmetry in the SM are not affected by new physics. These relations provide important electroweak model independent tests for SU(3) symmetry in B decays.Comment: 4 pages, revte

Effect of fertilizer levels on nutrient availability and yield of cotton on Vertisol at Rahuri, District Ahemadnagar, India

The field experiment on effect of fertilizer levels on nutrient availability and yield of cotton on Vertisol was conducted at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri during May to September, 2008. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications and two main treatments i.e. hybrid Bt RCH-2 and Non-Bt RCH-2 and nine sub treatments with different fertilizer doses i.e. F1 - No recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), F2 -50 % RDF, F3 - 75 % RDF, F4 - 100 % RDF, F5 -125 % RDF, F6 - 150 % RDF, F7 - 100 % RDF + 2% DAP spray, F8 -100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 and F9 -100 % RDF + 1% KNO3. The results revealed that the non-Bt hybrid recorded maximum nitrogen (435.67 kg ha-1) and potassium (565.45 kg ha-1) content in 100 % RDF + 1% KNO3 treatment at boll development stage as compared to Bt hybrid. However, magnesium (0.09 kg ha-1) and iron (3.66 ppm) were maximum in 100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 treatment in non-Bt as compared to Bt hybrid and phosphorus content (17.58 kg ha-1) was maximum in 100 % RDF + 2 % DAP treatment in Bt as compared to non-Bt hybrid at boll development stage. The application of 100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO4 sprays were recorded highest yield of Bt (33.53 q ha-1) and non-Bt cotton hybrids (31.27 q ha-1)

Histopathological changes in the gill architecture of Labeo rohita from the pond adjacent to thermal power station, Koradi, Nagpur, India

The hazardous effect of water pollution on the histopathology of selected organs of the freshwater fish Labeo rohita was studied with respect to thermal power plant effluent. The purpose of this research paper is to study whether the thermal plume can affect fish assemblages in the waters around the outlet area of the thermal power plant located at Koradi near Nagpur city. Both experimental and control fishes were monitored for a year from March 2010 to Feb. 2011. Histopathology serve as a tool to assess the extent of damage caused to the organism.Gill tissue showed fusion of primary lamellae, congestion of blood vessels and hyperplasia of bronchial plates. The histopathological changes in the gill tissue include epithelial hyperplasia, curling of secondary lamellae and changes in chloride cells. Besides these changes pyknotic nuclei, vacuolization, degradation of epithelial and pillar cells, were noticed, which point out towards deleterious effect of thermal power plant effluent on the freshwater fish L. rohita

Left-Right Symmetry and Supersymmetric Unification

The existence of an SU(3) X SU(2)_L X SU(2)_R X U(1) gauge symmetry with g_L = g_R at the TeV energy scale is shown to be consistent with supersymmetric SO(10) grand unification at around 1O^{16} GeV if certain new particles are assumed. The additional imposition of a discrete Z_2 symmetry leads to a generalized definition of R parity as well as highly suppressed Majorana neutrino masses. Another model based on SO(10) X SO(10) is also discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures not included, UCRHEP-T124, Apr 199

Examination of the Resonance Contributions to Dileptonic Rare B-Decays

We analyse the long-distance contribution to $B\to X_s\ell^+\ell^-$ differential decay rate when the momentum dependence of $\psi$ and $\psi'$-$\gamma$ conversion strength is taken into account. The results indicate that the resonance to nonresonance interference in the dilepton invariant mass distribution is substantially reduced.Comment: 10 pages, Latex, one figure (included

Constraints on the phase γ\gamma and new physics from B→KπB\to K\pi Decays

Recent results from CLEO on $B\to K\pi$ indicate that the phase $\gamma$ may be substantially different from that obtained from other fit to the KM matrix elements in the Standard Model. We show that $\gamma$ extracted using $B\to K\pi, \pi\pi$ is sensitive to new physics occurring at loop level. It provides a powerful method to probe new physics in electroweak penguin interactions. Using effects due to anomalous gauge couplings as an example, we show that within the allowed ranges for these couplings information about $\gamma$ obtained from $B\to K \pi, \pi\pi$ can be very different from the Standard Model prediction.Comment: Revised version with analysis done using new data from CLEO. RevTex, 11 Pages with two figure