Application of incremental polymeric scales for high precision piezoelectric angular positioning system

A high precision piezoelectric rotational stage with low-cost incremental polymeric scales is proposed and investigated in this work. For avoiding datum plane surface errors caused by application of additional bearings to support the rotational part, the latter one contacts with a stationary piezoelectric disc, which oscillates in travelling wave mode, at three specific points via contacting ring. The resolution of rotation is determined only by geometrical errors of external surface of the piezoelectric disc and can be easily achieved to be in the range of 1 µm. Low-cost polymeric scales are applied to measure angular displacement by means of moiré fringes. Peculiarities of scales fabrication are defined taking into consideration the final accuracy of the device

Fission product release from LWR fuel defected in steam in the temperature range 500 to 1600/sup 0/C

For practical purposes the release of cesium and iodine from LWR fuel rods in the temperature range 500 to 1600/sup 0/C can be considered to originate from three sources: (1) the gap inventory with release by both burst (vented gas) and diffusion; (2) grain boundary with release by tunnel formation; and (3) UO/sub 2/ matrix with release by solid state diffusion. The chemical behavior of released iodine and cesium (at least after contact with steam) is predominantly that of CsI and CsOH. Fission gas release is the sum of the plenum inventory, gas embedded in the fuel and cladding surface layers and that released by tunnel formation, and solid state diffusion from the UO/sub 2/ matrix. A small amount of large particle-sized fuel dust is ejected at time of rupture

Polypyrrole-Fe2O3 nanohybrid materials for electrochemical storage

We report on the synthesis and electrochemical characterization of nanohybrid polypyrrole (PPy) (PPy/Fe2O3) materials for electrochemical storage applications. We have shown that the incorporation of nanoparticles inside the PPy notably increases the charge storage capability in comparison to the “pure” conducting polymer. Incorporation of large anions, i.e., paratoluenesulfonate, allows a further improvement in the capacity. These charge storage modifications have been attributed to the morphology of the composite in which the particle sizes and the specific surface area are modified with the incorporation of nanoparticles. High capacity and stability have been obtained in PC/NEt4BF4 (at 20 mV/s), i.e., 47 mAh/g, with only a 3% charge loss after one thousand cyles. The kinetics of charge–discharge is also improved by the hybrid nanocomposite morphology modifications, which increase the rate of insertion–expulsion of counter anions in the bulk of the film. A room temperature ionic liquid such as imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonimide seems to be a promising electrolyte because it further increases the capacity up to 53 mAh/g with a high stability during charge–discharge processes

A fuel response model for the design of spent fuel shipping casks

The radiological source terms pertinent to spent fuel shipping cask safety assessments are of three distinct origins. One of these concerns residual contamination within the cask due to handling operations and previous shipments. A second is associated with debris (''crud'') that had been deposited on the fuel rods in the course of reactor operation, and a third involves the radioactive material contained within the rods. Although the lattermost source of radiotoxic material overwhelms the others in terms of inventory, its release into the shipping cask, and thence into the biosphere, requires the breach of an additional release barrier, viz., the fuel rod cladding. Hence, except for the special case involving the transport of fuel rods containing previously breached claddings, considerations of the source terms due to material contained in the fuel rods are complicated by the need to address the likelihood of fuel cladding failure during transport. The purpose of this report is to describe a methodology for estimating the shipping cask source terms contribution due to radioactive material contained within the spent fuel rods. Thus, the probability of fuel cladding failure as well as radioactivity release is addressed. 8 refs., 2 tabs

Three-dimensional laser micro- and nano-structuring of acrylated poly(ethylene glycol) materials and evaluation of their cytoxicity for tissue engineering applications

The natural cell environment is characterised by complex three-dimensional structures, which contain features at multiple length scales. Many in vitro studies of cell behaviour in three dimensions rely on the availability of artificial scaffolds with controlled three-dimensional topologies. In this paper, we demonstrate fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering out of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGda) materials by means of two-photon polymerization (2PP). This laser nanostructuring approach offers unique possibilities for rapid manufacturing of three-dimensional structures with arbitrary geometries. The spatial resolution dependence on the applied irradiation parameters is investigated for two PEGda formulations, which are characterized by molecular weights of 302 and 742. We demonstrate that minimum feature sizes of 200 nm are obtained in both materials. In addition, an extensive study of the cytotoxicity of the material formulations with respect to photoinitiator type and photoinitiator concentration is undertaken. Aqueous extracts from photopolymerized PEGda samples indicate the presence of water-soluble molecules, which are toxic to fibroblasts. It is shown that sample aging in aqueous medium reduces the cytotoxicity of these extracts; this mechanism provides a route for biomedical applications of structures generated by 2PP microfabrication and photopolymerization technologies in general. Finally, a fully biocompatible combination of PEGda and a photoinitiator is identified. Fabrication of reproducible scaffold structures is very important for systematic investigation of cellular processes in three dimensions and for better understanding of in vitro tissue formation. The results of this work suggest that 2PP may be used to polymerize poly(ethylene glycol)-based materials into three-dimensional structures with well-defined geometries that mimic the physical and biological properties of native cell environments

Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan Pada Ny U.R Puskesmas Sagu Periode 22 April sampai 29 Juni 2019

Latar Belakang : Penyusunan Laporan Tugas Akhir adalah kegiatan belajar mengajar yang memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan pengalaman nyata dalam melaksanakan asuhan kebidanan yang komprehensif dalam lingkup kesehatan reproduksi.Data Puskesmas Sagu diperoleh tidak ada kematian bayi dan kematian ibu dalam 1 tahun terakhir. Sasaran ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sagu sebanyak 178 orang, jumlah persalinan sebanyak 194 orang, jumlah kunjungan nifas sebanyak 193 orang. Tujuan Penelitian : Diharapkan mahasiswa mampu menerapkan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan pada Ny.U.R Usia Kehamilan 37 Minggu 2 Hari Janin Hidup Tunggal Letak Kepala Intra Uterine Keadaan Jalan Lahir Normal Keadaan Ibu dan Janin Baik di Puskesmas Sagu Periode 22 April sampai 29 Juni 2019. Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi penelaahan kasus. Studi kasus dilakukan pada Ny.U.R Usia Kehamilan 37 Minggu 2 Hari Janin Tunggal Hidup Intra Uterine Letak Kepala Keadaan Ibu dan Janin Baik di PuskesmaS Sagu Periode 22 April sampai 29 Juni 2019. Hasil : Setelah dilakukan asuhan kebidanan berkelanjutan pada Ny. U.R Usia Kehamilan 37 minggu 2 Hari Janin Tunggal Hidup Intra Uterine Letak Kepala Keadaan Ibu dan Janin Baik di Puskesmas Sagu Periode 22 April sampai 29 Juni 2019, ibu sudah melewati masa kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas dengan baik tanpa ada penyulit, bayi baru lahir dalam keadaan sehat, ibu belum menggunakan KB karena masih menunggu persetujuan suami. Kesimpulan : Asuhan kebidanan yang dilakukan pada Ny U.R mulai dari hamil, bersalin, BBL dan nifas, serta KB tidak ditemukan adanya kelainan dan penyulit yang menyertai