Influence of molecular and crystal structure on nonlinear optical properties of hydrated and anhydrous potassium L-2-nitrimino-1,3-diazepane-4-carboxylate crystals

The physical properties of crystals depend on their chemical composition and their molecular and crystal structure. The presence of donor amino groups (NH2) and acceptor nitro groups (NO2) in a molecule can increase the molecule's non-linear optical (NLO) properties. L-nitroarginine, in a strong alkaline environment (MOH (M=Li,Na,K), crystallizes to form L-2-nitrimino-1,3-diazepane-4-carboxylic acid (L-NIDCA.H2O and L-NIDCA). We found that the slow evaporation of a solution of L-nitroarganine and an alkali in equimolar quantities leads to the formation of a metallic salt with L-2-nitrimino-1,3-diazepane-4-carboxylate anions (K(L-NIDC).H2O, Na(-NIDC), L-NaNIDC, Li(L-NIDC); this salt shows strong NLO properties. This study also addressed the second-harmonic generation of L-KNIDC.H2O and L-KNIDC crystals and how their crystal and molecular structure affects the NLO properties. The infrared and Raman spectra of K(L-NIDC)?H2O and K(L-NIDC) crystals were studied with respect to these structural features. We found that the intensity of second-harmonic generation in K(L-NIDC) is 2.75 times higher than in the standard KDP crystal, while the intensity in K(L-NIDC).H2O is much lower. Физические свойства кристаллов зависят от их химического состава, молекулярной и кристаллической структуры. Присутствие донорных аминогрупп (NH 2 ) и акцепторных нитрогрупп (NO 2 ) в молекуле может повысить нелинейно-оптические (NLO) свойства молекулы. L- нитроаргинин в сильнощелочной среде (МЗ (М = Li, Na, K) кристаллизуется с образованием L – 2 – нитримино – 1,3 – диазепан – 4 – карбоновой кислоты ( L –NIDCA.H 2 O и L). -NIDCA). Мы обнаружили, что медленное испарение раствора L- нитроарганина и щелочи в эквимолярных количествах приводит к образованию соли металла с L–2 – нитримино – 1,3 – диазепан – 4 – карбоксилат-анионы (K ( L –NIDC) .H 2 O, Na ( L –NIDC), L –NaNIDC, Li ( L –NIDC); эта соль демонстрирует сильный NLO В этом исследовании также рассматривались вопросы генерации кристаллов L –KNIDC.H 2 O и L –KNIDC во второй гармонике и влияние их кристаллической и молекулярной структуры на свойства NLO. Инфракрасный и комбинационный спектры K ( L –NIDC) .H Кристаллы 2 O и K ( L –NIDC) были изучены с учетом этих структурных особенностей. Мы обнаружили, что интенсивность генерации второй гармоники в K ( L–NIDC) в 2,75 раза выше, чем в стандартном кристалле KDP, а интенсивность в K ( L –NIDC) .H 2 O значительно ниже

DNA isolation protocol effects on nuclear DNA analysis by microarrays, droplet digital PCR, and whole genome sequencing, and on mitochondrial DNA copy number estimation.

Potential bias introduced during DNA isolation is inadequately explored, although it could have significant impact on downstream analysis. To investigate this in human brain, we isolated DNA from cerebellum and frontal cortex using spin columns under different conditions, and salting-out. We first analysed DNA using array CGH, which revealed a striking wave pattern suggesting primarily GC-rich cerebellar losses, even against matched frontal cortex DNA, with a similar pattern on a SNP array. The aCGH changes varied with the isolation protocol. Droplet digital PCR of two genes also showed protocol-dependent losses. Whole genome sequencing showed GC-dependent variation in coverage with spin column isolation from cerebellum. We also extracted and sequenced DNA from substantia nigra using salting-out and phenol / chloroform. The mtDNA copy number, assessed by reads mapping to the mitochondrial genome, was higher in substantia nigra when using phenol / chloroform. We thus provide evidence for significant method-dependent bias in DNA isolation from human brain, as reported in rat tissues. This may contribute to array "waves", and could affect copy number determination, particularly if mosaicism is being sought, and sequencing coverage. Variations in isolation protocol may also affect apparent mtDNA abundance

Our experience in intratympanic vs intravenous steroids for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Background. Currently the treatment idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss by steroids is considered to be the most effective and common one. It is established that intratympanic administration of steroids, even in small quantities, results in its higher concentration in the end organ compared with systemic administration. Therefore drugs that are used topically in low doses are to be preferred. We will discuss our experience for intratympanic treatment as opposed to systemic steroidsMethods. 73 patients were observed in the study. 24 patients among them were treated with intratympanic dexamethasone over a period of 6 months. 24 patients were treated with steroids and reologic substances 25 patients were treated with intravenous dexamethasone only over a period of 10 days. Pretreatment and 1-, 3-, 6-month post-treatment using pure-tone audiograms were compared.Results. Intratympanic and systemic therapy did not show any differences in the treatment efficiency during the first month. But intratympanic steroid therapy resulted in higher efficacy after prolonged treatment, i.e. 6 months. No differences were found between groups treated with systemic steroid monotherapy or with steroids and reologic substanses.Conclusions. Long-term IT steroid therapy over a period of 6 months showed a more noticeable efficacy than with steroids and reologic substanses and systemic steroid monotherapy. Our experience confirms that IT therapy can be used as the primary method for treatment for patients with contraindications of systemic steroid therapy and for those with mainly high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss

Role of the endocrine disorders in pregnancy in the pathogenesis of intrauterine and postnatal developmental disorders in children: modern view within the concept of nutritional programming (literature review)

Due to the growth of non-infectious morbidity of the world’s child and adult population, the concept of nutritional programming connecting cardiovascular and certain endocrine diseases with the fetoplacental complex disorders in the antenatal period has been developed over the past 25 years. An increase in the prevalence of obesity and gestational diabetes in pregnant women lays the groundwork for an increase in the prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders and the risk of endocrine pathology in children. Both low weight and overweight at birth evidence the unfavourable course of the intrauterine period. The review discusses the factors contributing to the fetal organs and systems growth retardation, hypovitaminosis D, insulin resistance and possible mechanisms for their development. The authors present the analysis of the data available in the modern literature on the mechanism of the obesity and GDM programming effect on the diseases in new-borns and children

Hormonal-metabolic patterns disorders of bone tissue mineralization in children with celiac disease

The review presents information about the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying disorders of the processes of mineralization of bone tissue in patients with celiac disease. The attention is focused on the role of vitamin D and its active metabolite calcitriol, and also parathyroid hormone in regulating calcium-phosphorus metabolism, which is carried out in target organs  – small intestine, kidney, bone tissue. Atrophy of the intestinal mucosa in celiac disease is accompanied not only by malabsorption of calcium, and increased resorption of bone due to increased concentration of PTG. According to various studies on the background of developing the osteoporosis in celiac disease, the risk of bone fractures is significantly increased in patients. Strict adherence to a gluten-free diet allows to normalize both the absorption of calcium, and impaired hormonal mechanisms in bone remodeling in the acute phase, and can reduce the risks of osteoporosis and pathological fractures in patients with celiac disease

VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: HOW THE TWO GLOBAL PANDEMIAS ARE INTERCONNECTED. VITAMIN D ROLE IN PATHOGENESIS OF OBESITY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE (PART 1)

The prevalence of the excessive weight and obesity increasing in the human population is a significant concern to the public health. The article provides a literature review devoted to pathophysiologic aspects of the obesity and vitamin D deficiency interconnection. A role of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin), cells of the immune system, proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of obesity and place of vitamin D as an endocrine and paracrine regulator of inflammatory processes in the fatty tissue. An important role of the vitamin D deficiency in the genesis of the insulin resistance is shown that underlies the fatty tissue accumulation and formation of the metabolic profile characteristic of obesity. Direct and indirect vitamin D effect on the insulin synthesis in the pancreatic gland and sensitivity to it of insulin receptors in the body tissues is demonstrated

High-Throughput Copy Number Profiling by Digital Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification in Multiple Myeloma

Cancer Signaling networks and Molecular Therapeutic

Effectiveness of nutritional supplementation for children with coeliac disease who are on a gluten-free diet

Patients on a gluten-free diet are at risk of developing polyhypoavitaminosis and deficiency states, which requires the supplementation of their diet to prevent nutrient deficiencies. The aim of the study: to analyze the dynamics of anthropometric and laboratory parameters, components of the quality of life in children with coeliac disease on the background of a month-long course of administration of hypercaloric mixture for enteric nutrition. Materials and methods: 45 children with coeliac disease aged 2-10 years (mean age 6.3 ± 0.3 years) on a strict gluten-free diet for more than one year. All patients received additional enteric nutrition with a hypercaloric mixture in the volume of 200 ml/day (300 kcal/day) for 1 month as a supplement to the main food ration. Two groups of patients receiving the supplement in 2012-2013 and 2017-2018 were identified. Physical development was assessed under the WHO AnthroPlus programme. The quality of life indicators were assessed using the PedQL 4.0 questionnaire. Results: the total frequency of protein-сalorie deficiency (PCD) before the course of nutritional supplementation was 13 (28.9%) cases, while acute PCD was diagnosed in 6 (13.3%) and chronic PCD in 7 (15.6%) patients. Against the background of the course of nutritious supplementation in children with coeliac disease, there was a significant reduction in weight, height and BMI in both groups. Patients in 2012-2013 initially had a greater gap in weight and height compared to children in 2017-2018. There was an improvement in the sum of the quality of life indicators by 6.3% for children in the first group and by 4.3% for children in the second group against the background of nutritional supplementation. Conclusions: Enrichment of children’s diets with a hypercaloric blend of dietary fiber helps to accelerate the pace of physical development, reduce the number of children with diabetes mellitus, improve hemogram rates and most components of quality of life