Separation of Time Scales in a Quantum Newton’s Cradle

We provide detailed modeling of the Bragg pulse used in quantum Newton’s-cradle-like settings or in Bragg spectroscopy experiments for strongly repulsive bosons in one dimension. We reconstruct the postpulse time evolution and study the time-dependent local density profile and momentum distribution by a combination of exact techniques. We further provide a variety of results for finite interaction strengths using a time-dependent Hartree-Fock analysis and bosonization-refermionization techniques. Our results display a clear separation of time scales between rapid and trap-insensitive relaxation immediately after the pulse, followed by slow in-trap periodic behavior

Exigências nutricionais de mudas de bananeira tipo prata submetidas à deficiência de nutrientes.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de matéria seca de mudas de banana tipo prata submetidas a omissão de macronutrientes em solução nutritiva. Um experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no Campus JK da UFVJM, no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições com uma planta por vaso em solução nutritiva. Os tratamentos foram: Completo (macro e micronutrientes) e a omissão de um nutriente por vez (-N, -P, -K, -Ca, -Mg , -S, -B, -Cu, -Fe, -Mn e -Zn) em solução nutritiva e dois genótipos (Prata-Ana e seu híbrido PA42-44). A adubação no tratamento completo consistiu de: 210,1 mg de N, 31 mg de P, 234,6 mg de K, 200,4 mg de Ca, 48,6 mg de Mg, 64,2 mg de S, 500 ?g de B, 20 ?g de Cu, 648 ?g de Cl, 5.022 ?g de Fe, 502 ?g de Mn, 11 ?g de Mo e 50 ?g de Zn por litro. O período experimental foi de 100 dias e foram avaliadas as seguintes características: área foliar, peso de massa seca da parte aérea e de raízes. O genótipo Prata-Anã é mais exigente em N e Ca e é menos exigente em K e Mg e micronutrientes do que o genótipo PA42-44, tendo a mesma exigência em P, S e B

Excitons and charged excitons in semiconductor quantum wells

A variational calculation of the ground-state energy of neutral excitons and of positively and negatively charged excitons (trions) confined in a single-quantum well is presented. We study the dependence of the correlation energy and of the binding energy on the well width and on the hole mass. The conditional probability distribution for positively and negatively charged excitons is obtained, providing information on the correlation and the charge distribution in the system. A comparison is made with available experimental data on trion binding energies in GaAs-, ZnSe-, and CdTe-based quantum well structures, which indicates that trions become localized with decreasing quantum well width.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Transport in out-of-equilibrium XXZ chains: Nonballistic behavior and correlation functions

We consider the nonequilibrium protocol where two semi-infinite gapped XXZ chains, initially prepared in different equilibrium states, are suddenly joint together. At large times, a generalized hydrodynamic description applies, according to which the system can locally be represented by space- and time- dependent stationary states. The magnetization displays an unusual behavior: depending on the initial state, its profile may exhibit abrupt jumps that can not be predicted directly from the standard hydrodynamic equations and which signal non-ballistic spin transport. We ascribe this phenomenon to the structure of the local conservation laws and make a prediction for the exact location of the jumps. We find that the jumps propagate at the velocities of the heaviest quasiparticles. By means of tDMRG simulations we show that our theory yields a complete description of the long-time steady profiles of conserved charges, currents, and local correlations

From the sinh-Gordon field theory to the one-dimensional Bose gas: exact local correlations and full counting statistics

We derive exact formulas for the expectation value of local observables in a one-dimensional gas of bosons with point-wise repulsive interactions (Lieb-Liniger model). Starting from a recently conjectured expression for the expectation value of vertex operators in the sinh-Gordon field theory, we derive explicit analytic expressions for the one-point K-body correlation functions \u27e8(\u3a8\u2020)K(\u3a8)K\u27e9 in the Lieb-Liniger gas, for arbitrary integer K. These are valid for all excited states in the thermodynamic limit, including thermal states, generalized Gibbs ensembles and non-equilibrium steady states arising in transport settings. Our formulas display several physically interesting applications: most prominently, they allow us to compute the full counting statistics for the particle-number fluctuations in a short interval. Furthermore, combining our findings with the recently introduced generalized hydrodynamics, we are able to study multi-point correlation functions at the Eulerian scale in non-homogeneous settings. Our results complement previous studies in the literature and provide a full solution to the problem of computing one-point functions in the Lieb Liniger model

Eurozone Membership and Foreign Direct Investment

Our aim in this chapter is to estimate the effects of European Monetary Union (EMU) membership on foreign direct investment (FDI). Previous literature on the cross-border impact of a common currency have concentrated on international trade effects. Our analysis is based on the gravity model, which has been successfully applied to explain most forms of bilateral cross-border flows. We estimate a structural gravity model using data for 34 OECD countries between 1985 and 2013 for bilateral FDI. We use a variety of econometric techniques to ensure the robustness of our findings including stock as well as flow measures of FDI and addressing selection issues. Our estimates of the impact of EMU underlines the role of FDI as a channel for benefits from deep economic integration between countries. The effect of EMU membership on FDI is estimated to be significant and positive, at around 130%

Zippin’ up my boots, goin’ back to my roots: Radical left parties in Southern Europe

Radical left parties actively encourage the participation of their members in internal decision-making and insist on promoting organised links to trade unions and social movements. As a party family, they deviate from what is considered to be the trend in which Western political parties have turned their backs on their social roots. Drawing on the experience of South European radical left parties from the fall of the Berlin Wall until the recent financial crisis, we argue that ideology, electoral incentives, party competition and external events explain the radical left's pronounced emphasis on linkage, while organisational trajectory explains variation within the party family in terms of the linkage strategies pursued

Ballistic transport and boundary resistances in inhomogeneous quantum spin chains

Transport phenomena are central to physics, and transport in the many-body and fully-quantum regime is attracting an increasing amount of attention. It has been recently revealed that some quantum spin chains support ballistic transport of excitations at all energies. However, when joining two semi-infinite ballistic parts, such as the XX and XXZ spin-1/2 models, our understanding suddenly becomes less established. Employing a matrix-product-state ansatz of the wavefunction, we study the relaxation dynamics in this latter case. Here we show that it takes place inside a light cone, within which two qualitatively different regions coexist: an inner one with a strong tendency towards thermalization, and an outer one supporting ballistic transport. We comment on the possibility that even at infinite time the system supports stationary currents and displays a non-zero Kapitza boundary resistance. Our study paves the way to the analysis of the interplay between transport, integrability, and local defects