602 research outputs found
Evaluation of ZigBee Topology Effect on Throughput and End to End Delay Due to Different Transmission Bands for IoT Applications
ZigBee is widely used in wireless network in
Internet of Things (IoT) applications to remotely sensing and
automation due to its unique characteristics compared to other
wireless networks. According to ZigBee classification of IEEE
802.15.4 standard, the network consists of four layers. The
ZigBee topology is represented in second layer. Furthermore, the
ZigBee topology consists of three topologies, star, tree and mesh.
Also there are many transmission bands allowed in physical
layer, such as 2.4 GHz, 915 MHz, 868 MHz. The aim of this paper
is to evaluate the effect of ZigBee topologies on End to End delay
and throughput for different transmission bands. Riverbed
Modeler is used to simulate multiple ZigBee proposed scenarios
and collect the results. The results of the study recommend which
topology should be used at each transmission band to provide
lowest End to End delay or obtain maximum throughput, which
is case sensitive in some IoT applications that required for
example minimum delay time or sending high amount of data
Combustion Wave Propagation Enhancement of a Nitrocellulose Solid Monopropellant
Improvement and control of the burning behavior and characteristics of solid fuels promise improved performance of systems ranging from solid rocket motors to microelectromechanical systems. Introducing methods to enhance combustion wave propagation velocities of solid propellants is a crucial step in realizing improved performance in rocket motors that use organic nitrate-based propellants. This work aims to enhance the burning characteristics of solid fuels through the use of thermally guided combustion waves. In order to increase the burning rate of solid nitrocellulose fuel layers, graphite sheets were used as thermally conductive bases in order to substantially improve heat transfer to unburned portions of the fuel. High-speed photography and instrumentation were used in order to measure the combustion wave propagation velocities and behavior of the fuel in variable pressure environments. The use of a highly thermally conductive graphite sheet base resulted in a significant increase in the burn rate of solid nitrocellulose. Solid fuel layer and graphite thicknesses also appeared to affect the burn rate of the solid monopropellant, and an optimal range of thicknesses was determined. The use of a thermally conductive graphite base in the burning of a nitrocellulose solid monopropellant resulted in burning rates that are at least an order of magnitude larger than the burning rate value of bulk nitrocellulose. Such enhanced burning rates may lead to improved performance of solid rocket motors and alternative energy conversion microelectromechanical devices
Finite size effects and magnetic order in the spin-1/2 honeycomb lattice compound InCu{2/3}V{1/3}O{3}
High field electron spin resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance and
magnetization studies addressing the ground state of the quasi two-dimensional
spin-1/2 honeycomb lattice compound InCu{2/3}V{1/3}O{3} are reported.
Uncorrelated finite size structural domains occurring in the honeycomb planes
are expected to inhibit long range magnetic order. Surprisingly, ESR data
reveal the development of two collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) sublattices
below ~ 20 K whereas NMR results show the presence of the staggered internal
field. Magnetization data evidence a spin reorientation transition at ~ 5.7 T.
Quantum Monte-Carlo calculations show that switching on the coupling between
the honeycomb spin planes in a finite size cluster yields a Neel-like AFM spin
structure with a substantial staggered magnetization at finite temperatures.
This may explain the occurrence of a robust AFM state in InCu{2/3}V{1/3}O{3}
despite an unfavorable effect of structural disorder.Comment: revised version, accepted as a Rapid Communication in Phys. Rev. B
(2010
The incarnation of the Nersesyan-Tsvelik model in (NO)[Cu(NO3)3]
The topology of the magnetic interactions of the copper spins in the
nitrosonium nitratocuprate (NO)[Cu(NO3)3] suggests that it could be a
realization of the Nersesyan-Tsvelik model, whose ground state was argued to be
either a resonating valence bond (RVB) state or a valence bond crystal (VBC).
The measurement of thermodynamic and resonant properties reveals a behavior
inherent to low dimensional spin S = 1/2 systems and provides indeed no
evidence for the formation of long-range magnetic order down to 1.8 K.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Design of a Superconducting Magnetic Suspension System for a Liquid Helium Flow Experiment
We discuss a preliminary design for a superconducting magnetic suspension system for measurement of drag on rotationally symmetric bodies in liquid helium. Superconducting materials are a natural choice for liquid helium studies, since temperatures are well below most critical temperatures, so that the resulting heat load is negligible. Also, due to its diamagnetic properties, a superconducting model (for example made or coated with Nb) is inherently stable against disturbances. Issues which we consider include model placement during initial cool-down, maintaining placement during anticipated drag and lift forces, and force measurement. This later can be achieved by a passive technique, where the body is allowed to deflect under the influence of drag from its neutral position. The resulting shift in flux is detected via a superconducting pickup coil. The pickup coil may be connected either to a SQUID, or a secondary loop wound around a Hall probe. Both options are discussed. The objective of this work is to gain a better understanding of the nature of turbulent fields in normal and superfluid helium for potential application to problems in classical high Reynolds number turbulence
Should Endodontic Residents Be Educated About IVâSedation? Endodontics Program Directorsâ and Endodontistsâ Perspectives
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153555/1/jddjde018077.pd
Experimental investigation of unsteady flows at large incidence angles in a linear oscillating cascade
The aerodynamics of a cascade of airfoils oscillating in torsion about the midchord is investigated experimentally at a large mean incidence angle and, for reference, at a low mean incidence angle. The airfoil section is representative of a modern, low aspect ratio, fan blade tip section. Time-dependent airfoil surface pressure measurements were made for reduced frequencies up to 0.8 for out-of-phase oscillations at Mach numbers up to 0.8 and chordal incidence angles of 0 deg and 10 deg. For the 10 deg chordal incidence angle, a separation bubble formed at the leading edge of the suction surface. The separated flow field was found to have a dramatic effect on the chordwise distribution of the unsteady pressure. In this region, substantial deviations from the attached flow data were found with the deviations becoming less apparent in the aft region of the airfoil for all reduced frequencies. In particular, near the leading edge the separated flow had a strong destabilizing influence while the attached flow had a strong stabilizing influence
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