On the occurrence of Radio Halos in galaxy clusters - Insight from a mass-selected sample

Giant radio halos (RH) are diffuse Mpc-scale synchrotron sources detected in a fraction of massive and merging galaxy clusters. An unbiased study of the statistical properties of RHs is crucial to constrain their origin and evolution. We aim at investigating the occurrence of RHs and its dependence on the cluster mass in a SZ-selected sample of galaxy clusters, which is as close as possible to be a mass-selected sample. Moreover, we analyse the connection between RHs and merging clusters. We select from the Planck SZ catalogue (Planck Collaboration XXIX 2014) clusters with $M\geq 6\times10^{14} M_\odot$ at z=0.08-0.33 and we search for the presence of RHs using the NVSS for z<0.2 and the GMRT RH survey (GRHS, Venturi et al. 2007, 2008) and its extension (EGRHS, Kale et al. 2013, 2015) for 0.2<z<0.33. We use archival Chandra X-ray data to derive information on the clusters dynamical status. We confirm that RH clusters are merging systems while the majority of clusters without RH are relaxed, thus supporting the idea that mergers play a fundamental role in the generation of RHs. We find evidence for an increase of the fraction of clusters with RHs with the cluster mass and this is in line with expectations derived on the basis of the turbulence re-acceleration scenario. Finally, we discuss the effect of the incompleteness of our sample on this result.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&

New giant radio sources and underluminous radio halos in two galaxy clusters

The aim of this work is to analyse the radio properties of the massive and dynamical disturbed clusters Abell 1451 and Zwcl 0634.1+4750, especially focusing on the possible presence of diffuse emission. We present new GMRT 320 MHz and JVLA 1.5 GHz observations of these two clusters. We found that both Abell 1451 and Zwcl 0634.1+4750 host a radio halo with a typical spectrum ($\alpha\sim1-1.3$). Similarly to a few other cases reported in the recent literature, these radio halos are significantly fainter in radio luminosity with respect to the current radio power-mass correlations and they are smaller than classical giant radio halos. These underluminous sources might contribute to shed light on the complex mechanisms of formation and evolution of radio halos. Furthermore, we detected a candidate radio relic at large distance from the cluster center in Abell 1451 and a peculiar head tail radio galaxy in Zwcl 0634.1+4750, which might be interacting with a shock front.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&

The Extended GMRT Radio Halo Survey II: Further results and analysis of the full sample

The intra-cluster medium contains cosmic rays and magnetic fields that are manifested through the large scale synchrotron sources, termed as radio halos, relics and mini-halos. The Extended Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) Radio Halo Survey (EGRHS) is an extension of the GMRT Radio Halo Survey (GRHS) designed to search for radio halos using GMRT 610/235 MHz observations. The GRHS+EGRHS consists of 64 clusters in the redshift range 0.2 -- 0.4 that have an X-ray luminosity larger than 5x10^44 erg/s in the 0.1 -- 2.4 keV band and with declinations > -31 deg in the REFLEX and eBCS X-ray cluster catalogues. In this second paper in the series, GMRT 610/235 MHz data on the last batch of 11 galaxy clusters and the statistical analysis of the full sample are presented. A new mini-halo in RXJ2129.6+0005 and candidate diffuse sources in Z5247, A2552 and Z1953 are discovered. A unique feature of this survey are the upper limits on the detections of 1 Mpc sized radio halos; 4 new are presented here making a total of 31 in the survey. Of the sample, 58 clusters that have adequately sensitive radio information were used to obtain the most accurate occurrence fractions so far. The occurrence of radio halos in our X-ray selected sample is ~22%, that of mini-halos is 13% and that of relics is ~5%. The radio power - X-ray luminosity diagrams for the radio halos and mini-halos with the detections and upper limits are presented. The morphological estimators namely, centroid shift (w), concentration parameter (c) and power ratios (P_3/P_0) derived from the Chandra X-ray images are used as proxies for the dynamical states of the GRHS+EGRHS clusters. The clusters with radio halos and mini-halos occupy distinct quadrants in the c-w, c-P_3/P_0 and w - P_3/P_0 planes, corresponding to the more and less morphological disturbance, respectively. The non-detections span both the quadrants.Comment: 24 pages, 5 tables, 25 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Project Final Report: HPC-Colony II

This report recounts the HPC Colony II Project which was a computer science effort funded by DOE's Advanced Scientific Computing Research office. The project included researchers from ORNL, IBM, and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The topic of the effort was adaptive system software for extreme scale parallel machines. A description of findings is included

Fabrication and characterization of a polymeric microcantilever with an encapsulated hotwire CVD polysilicon piezoresistor

We demonstrate a novel photoplastic nanoelectromechanical device that includes an encapsulated polysilicon piezoresistor. The temperature limitation that typically prevents deposition of polysilicon films on polymers was overcome by employing a hotwire CVD process. In this paper, we report the use of this process to fabricate and characterize a novel polymeric cantilever with an embedded piezoresistor. This device exploits the low Young's modulus of organic polymers and the high gauge factor of polysilicon. The fabricated device fits into the cantilever holder of an atomic force microscope (AFM) and can be used in conjunction with the AFM's liquid cell for detecting the adsorption of biochemicals. It enables differential measurement while preventing biochemicals from interfering with measurements using the piezoresistor. The mechanical and electromechanical characterization of the device is also reported in this paper

An Approach towards Data Clustering By Using NLP and Annotated Text Categorization

Aim is to develop system for clustering of data into user defines clusters with the help of language processing. The main objective behind this research is to solve the problem of data classification into large dataset to get an efficient system which classifies data not only on basis of the dataset, but also on basis of the property of keyword and specified class. This provides the best optimization and segmentation, which incorporate a priori knowledge of existing dataset. This will help end user to choose the item from the particular data cluster from its previous parches or search from the dataset. This field leads to: event resolution, grammar annotation, information mining, knowledgebase, labeling, question/answer, redundancy reduction, similarity measure, summarization, word sense disambiguation, and word sense induction. Implementation of application of Apriory algorithm on the given data to classify the data into the categories. Bisecting K-Means algorithm and hierarchical clustering used categorizing all objects in single cluster. PDDP is the latest development of SVD-based partitioning techniques. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15079

Five year retrospective study of mortality in systemic inflammatory rheumatologic disorders

Background: Inflammatory systemic rheumatologic disorders are responsible for significant morbidity and premature deaths. The present study was done to assess causes of mortality in these patients.Methods: In the retrospective study, the death records of patients with inflammatory rheumatologic illnesses from January 2012 to January 2017 were studied. The demographic details, disease activity, organ involvement, treatment received and evidence of infection were noted.Results: 50 records were analyzed (25 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 13 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), four immune myositis, three systemic sclerosis (SS), two takayasu’s arteritis (TA), two ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and one granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)). The me an age of death was 39.94 years. Sixteen patients had disease related organ damage, 17 had active disease. Infection was present in 31 patients (gram negative organisms most commonly isolated), being the major contributor of mortality. Only two patients succumbed to acute coronary syndrome.Conclusions: Infection, disease activity and organ damage due to the disease are the major contributors to of death in hospitalized patients with inflammatory rheumatological disorders

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSNASAL MICROEMULSION OF VIGABATRIN

Introduction: The objective of this study was to develop novel transnasal microemulsion containing Vigabatrin for treatment of epilepsy. Method: Oleic acid was selected as oil while Tween 80 and ethanol were selected as surfactant and co-surfactant respectively based on solubility results. Optimized ratio of Tween 80 and Ethanol was selected after developing pseudoternary phase diagrams for different ratio and microemulsions were prepared. The prepared microemulsions were evaluated for globule size, viscosity, pH, and % transmittance. Ex-vivo diffusion study for optimized microemulsion was performed through goat nasal mucosa where in diffusion flux and permeability coefficients were determined. Pharmacological performance was screened in rats by electrically induced seizures. Result: It was found that op mized microemulsion was stable and transparent. Pharmacological evaluation indicated significant reduction (p&lt;0.001) of seizures in rats treated with optimized formula on in comparison to rats treated with oral Vigabatrin microemulsion and nasal Vigabatrin solu on which suggested Vigabatrin transnasal delivery system as an effective alternate therapy for treatment of epilepsy. Conclusion: Transnasal microemulsion of Vigabatrin was successfully formulated using Tween 80 as surfactant and ethanol as co-surfactant in the formula on to treat epilepsy. Key words:&nbsp;Epilepsy; Transnasal Microemulsion; Vigabatrin

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSNASAL MICROEMULSION OF VIGABATRIN

Introduction: The objective of this study was to develop novel transnasal microemulsion containing Vigabatrin for treatment of epilepsy. Method: Oleic acid was selected as oil while Tween 80 and ethanol were selected as surfactant and co-surfactant respectively based on solubility results. Optimized ratio of Tween 80 and Ethanol was selected after developing pseudoternary phase diagrams for different ratio and microemulsions were prepared. The prepared microemulsions were evaluated for globule size, viscosity, pH, and % transmittance. Ex-vivo diffusion study for optimized microemulsion was performed through goat nasal mucosa where in diffusion flux and permeability coefficients were determined. Pharmacological performance was screened in rats by electrically induced seizures. Result: It was found that op mized microemulsion was stable and transparent. Pharmacological evaluation indicated significant reduction (p&lt;0.001) of seizures in rats treated with optimized formula on in comparison to rats treated with oral Vigabatrin microemulsion and nasal Vigabatrin solu on which suggested Vigabatrin transnasal delivery system as an effective alternate therapy for treatment of epilepsy. Conclusion: Transnasal microemulsion of Vigabatrin was successfully formulated using Tween 80 as surfactant and ethanol as co-surfactant in the formula on to treat epilepsy. Key words:&nbsp;Epilepsy; Transnasal Microemulsion; Vigabatrin