183 research outputs found
Gas-phase fragmentation of the Ag+âphenylalanine complex: CationâÏ interactions and radical cation formation
GAPS-megacities: A new global platform for investigating persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in urban air
A pilot study was initiated in 2018 under the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network named GAPS-Megacities. This study included 20 megacities/major cities across the globe with the goal of better understanding and comparing ambient air levels of persistent organic pollutants and other chemicals of emerging concern, to which humans residing in large cities are exposed. The first results from the initial period of sampling are reported for 19 cities for several classes of flame retardants (FRs) including organophosphate esters (OPEs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) including new flame retardants (NFRs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD). The two cities, New York (USA) and London (UK) stood out with âŒ3.5 to 30 times higher total FR concentrations as compared to other major cities, with total concentrations of OPEs of 15,100 and 14,100 pg/m, respectively. Atmospheric concentrations of OPEs significantly dominated the FR profile at all sites, with total concentrations in air that were 2â5 orders of magnitude higher compared to other targeted chemical classes. A moderately strong and significant correlation (r = 0.625, p < 0.001) was observed for Gross Domestic Product index of the cities with total OPEs levels. Although large differences in FR levels were observed between some cities, when averaged across the five United Nations regions, the FR classes were more evenly distributed and varied by less than a factor of five. Results for Toronto, which is a âreference cityâ for this study, agreed well with a more in-depth investigation of the level of FRs over different seasons and across eight sites representing different urban source sectors (e.g. traffic, industrial, residential and background). Future sampling periods under this project will investigate trace metals and other contaminant classes, linkages to toxicology, non-targeted analysis, and eventually temporal trends. The study provides a unique urban platform for evaluating global exposome.A global study across 20 megacities/major cities reporting urban air concentrations of flame retardants and plasticizers.Authors thank the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) and the Chemicals Management Plan (CMP) for financial
support. The worldwide implementation of the Global Monitoring
Plan is made possible thanks to the generous contributions to the
Stockholm Convention Voluntary Trust Fund from the Governments
of Japan, Norway, Sweden, and through the European
Commissionâs Thematic Programme for Environment andSustainable Management of Natural Resources, including Energy
(ENRTP). Further, the contribution of the projects to support POPs
monitoring activities in regions, funded through the Global Environment
Facility (GEF) and the Strategic Approach to International
Chemicals Management (SAICM), is greatly acknowledged. Monitoring
activities and data collection and analysis are implemented
in the five UN regions in cooperation with strategic partners and
through the involvement of Regional Organization Groups and
Global Coordination Group.
We also thank Yasuyuki Shibata and Yoshikatsu Takazawa
(Tokyo, Japan); Juan Mu~noz-Arnanz (Madrid, Spain) and Dilek
âŹOzkan and Sinan Kızıltug (_Istanbul, Turkey) for their help and
assistance in the sampling campaign
GAPS-megacities: A new global platform for investigating persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in urban air
A pilot study was initiated in 2018 under the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network named GAPS-Megacities. This study included 20 megacities/major cities across the globe with the goal of better understanding and comparing ambient air levels of persistent organic pollutants and other chemicals of emerging concern, to which humans residing in large cities are exposed. The first results from the initial period of sampling are reported for 19 cities for several classes of flame retardants (FRs) including organophosphate esters (OPEs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) including new flame retardants (NFRs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD). The two cities, New York (USA) and London (UK) stood out with âŒ3.5 to 30 times higher total FR concentrations as compared to other major cities, with total concentrations of OPEs of 15,100 and 14,100 pg/m3, respectively. Atmospheric concentrations of OPEs significantly dominated the FR profile at all sites, with total concentrations in air that were 2-5 orders of magnitude higher compared to other targeted chemical classes. A moderately strong and significant correlation (r = 0.625, p < 0.001) was observed for Gross Domestic Product index of the cities with total OPEs levels. Although large differences in FR levels were observed between some cities, when averaged across the five United Nations regions, the FR classes were more evenly distributed and varied by less than a factor of five. Results for Toronto, which is a "reference city" for this study, agreed well with a more in-depth investigation of the level of FRs over different seasons and across eight sites representing different urban source sectors (e.g. traffic, industrial, residential and background). Future sampling periods under this project will investigate trace metals and other contaminant classes, linkages to toxicology, non-targeted analysis, and eventually temporal trends. The study provides a unique urban platform for evaluating global exposome.Fil: Saini, Amandeep. Environment and Climate Change; CanadĂĄFil: Harner, Tom. Environment and Climate Change; CanadĂĄFil: Chinnadhurai, Sita. Environment and Climate Change; CanadĂĄFil: Schuster, Jasmin K.. Environment and Climate Change; CanadĂĄFil: Yates, Alan. Environment and Climate Change; CanadĂĄFil: Sweetman, Andrew. Lancaster Environment Centre; Reino UnidoFil: Aristizabal Zuluaga, Beatriz H.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: JimĂ©nez, Begoña. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientĂficas; EspañaFil: Manzano, Carlos A.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Gaga, Eftade O.. Eskisehir Technical University; TurquĂaFil: Stevenson, Gavin. National Measurement Institute; AustraliaFil: Falandysz, Jerzy. Uniwersytet Gdanski; PoloniaFil: Ma, Jianmin. Peking University; ChinaFil: Miglioranza, Karina Silvia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Kannan, Kurunthachalam. Nyu Grossman School Of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Tominaga, Maria. Sao Paulo State Environmental Company; BrasilFil: Jariyasopit, Narumol. No especifĂca;Fil: Rojas, Nestor Y.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Amador-Muñoz, Omar. Universidad Nacional AutĂłnoma de MĂ©xico; MĂ©xicoFil: Sinha, Ravindra. Patna University; IndiaFil: Alani, Rose. University of Lagos; NigeriaFil: Suresh, R.. No especifĂca;Fil: Nishino, Takahiro. Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection; JapĂłnFil: Shoeib, Tamer. American University In Cairo; Egipt
Spatial concentration, congener profiles and inhalation risk assessment of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the atmosphere of Tianjin, China
Indoor Contamination with Hexabromocyclododecanes, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, and Perfluoroalkyl Compounds: An Important Exposure Pathway for People?
Novel fragmentation pathway for CID of (bnâ1+Cat)+ ions from model, metal cationized peptides
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) â main concerns and regulatory developments in Europe from an environmental point of view
Levels and distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in the atmosphere close to Chinese Great Wall Station, Antarctica: Results from XAD-resin passive air sampling
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