Modern Methods and Methodology of Historical and Biographical Research

The development of science in the Soviet autonomous republics was the result of a consistent policy of the government, especially when the institutions have opened up. The Institute of History, Language and Literature (IHLL) occupies a worthy place among the scientific collectives of UFRC of RAS. It is one of the oldest research institutions of Bashkortostan (BASSR). Human factor, a specific personality, has always been playing an important role in the history of many crucial events of research institutions of the 20th century. IHLL started its activity by solving urgent issues of Bashkir writing, national literature, the accumulation of folklore, archaeological and ethnographic material, etc. Therefore, a lot depended on the personality of the leader. Being opened as The Society for the Study of Everyday life, Culture and History of Bashkiria with Nuriagzam Tagirov at its head in 1922, it was renamed The Bashkir Research Institute of National Culture, where Mikhail Arefyevich Solyanov became the first director. The development of Russian historical personalism in the twentieth century allowed us to restore many biographies of the Institute employees, also of the eminent personalities of our republic and Russia. It is significant that on this particular 100th anniversary of the institution these methods and methodology made possible to clarify many aspects of our first director workdays, to link the IHLL through his personality with such renowned organizations as The Russian State Library named after V. I. Lenin and MSLI. The role of M. A. Solyanov was bright but short-lived. After all historical personalism has its scientific and practical significance. The work will find its reader among historians, philosophers, teachers of the humanities

Application of fuzzy-set and multiple approaches in evaluation of effectiveness of agricultural industry enterprises activities (as an example of animal breeding of the Republic of Tatarstan)

Effectiveness evaluation of agricultural enterprises' activities with the aim of formation of state subsidy politics. In the work it is used the theory of fuzzy-sets. In the current research it is considred the traditional methods of evaluation of financial and economic conditions of agricultural subjects, as well it is presented the results of activities effectiveness evaluation on the bases of sales profitability calculation (unprofitability) of agriculture producers of the Republic of Tatarstan. On the bases of calculated parameters of big and average enterprises it is suggested the criteria of complex evaluation taking into account regional aspect. Suggested methodology makes it possible to realize the analysis of commodity producers functioning efficiency taking into account the industry approach as well in view of types activities. Used at work evaluation tools form high quality new approach of conditions of budget allocations distribution, with the purpose of region food security provision. Suggested methodology has practical importance, as it is observed diversification of food demand in relation with demographic changes and in relation to this it has become topical question about effective governmental support implementation of all level agricultural producers

DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF LOW BACK PAIN

The paper gives an update on the principles of diagnosis and medical and surgical treatments in patients with low back pain (LBP), by taking into account the clinical phenomenology of pain manifestations. It considers the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, myorelaxants, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and other agents. The data of clinical trials of meloxicam used in LBP are presented. The currently available surgical treatments for LBP are described

MAJOR AREAS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE SPEECH ACTIVITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IMPROVEMENT

Purposes: Increased international activity in Russia leads to a steady claim of foreign language knowledge. The list of professional characteristics of a university graduate includes the ability to adapt to new information realities in the professional community, where foreign language speech activities become highly demanded, when not only language skills, but also social and cultural arrangements of the country. Thus, innovative approaches to foreign language teaching are required. The article explored the following aspects of foreign-language speech activity of university students. Methodology: methodology of teaching foreign-language speech activity; principles of development of foreign language speech activity of students; realization of educational resources for this activity development; model of pedagogical technology of formation of foreign language speech activity, etc. Result:  The results of the pilot work showed the validity of using the principles of the development of foreign language speech activities in the organization of the educational process. Implications/Applications: This article will help the student to promote the ability to give a speech. Novelty/Originality: At the same time, being a type of speech activity, foreign language communication in the process of training solves, in turn, educational and development tasks by means of a foreign language sign system, where the whole set of speech actions of the individual is actually present

Little-Known Sources on the History of the Russian Revolution and Civil War in the Regions

The article examines bibliographically rare autobiographical works (some of them being manuscripts) by the distinguished Bashkir social, political and cultural activist, historian Karim A. Idelguzhin, who rose from the rank of record clerk in the Tsarist army to that of Soviet public official. In terms of the regional Bashkir historiography, K. Idelguzhin's works remain understudied which is partly due to the fact those had been written in the Arabic script. During the post-perestroika period, when lots of once classified archive funds were made accessible, thus significantly enlarging the thematic range of research studies, data about most popular social and political activists of the first third of the 20th century - such as A. Validov, A. Inan, M. Murtazin - were introduced into scientific discourse; the works of the latter were published. After access was granted to personal funds of public figures who represented different political movements, the data were mirrored in multiple journal, newspaper, and book publications. One such publication is the series called 'Baskortostan in the 20th century. Historical Portraits'. However, numerous papers and manuscripts are still there awaiting to be examined. The article studies Karim Idelguzhin's works notable for breadth of mental outlook resulting from the author's experiences in different positions and ranks. The papers deal with the history of establishment of Bashkortostan's autonomy, the manning and equipping of Bashkir national military units, issues of children's education and school system development, problems of Bashkir language development, culture, most of the materials being largely supplemented with interesting and rare photos. The uninvestigated layer of Arabic script sources is nowadays scattered through diverse archives, libraries, rare book collections. Even when it came to the already published works by K. Idelguzhin, the researchers had to search for them in the central state archives and libraries. The researchers have discovered a total of 9 books and over 10 articles, thus introducing them into scientific discourse and significantly contributing to the fullnes of the 1920s national historiography, which shall also facilitate thematic widening for further studies on the history of the region

Russian firewall screening tools for secured systems

Objective. The purpose of the work is to make the comparative analysis of the firewall tools for secure systems on the Russian market. The sharp increase in demand for products from domestic developers is associated with the need to abandon the use of foreign information security tools and transition to Russian analogues. Method. Systematization, description and analysis are used as research methods. In this work functional analysis will be carried out in relation to the following solutions: «Universal security gateway «UserGate», security complex «Continent 4», hardware and software complex «ViPNet xFirewall 5», «Firewall with Ideco UTM intrusion detection system». Result. For comparison of firewall tools the following parameters were chosen: functionality of firewalls as network equipment, as means of protection, possibility of clustering, compliance with FSTEC requirements. The analysis of firewall tools showed that the Russian market offers to users worthy analogues of foreign products. However in this solutions some functionality is missing, which indicates the insufficient maturity of the domestic market of firewalls. Conclusion. The choice decision should be dictated by the requirements of a particular organization, based on consumer requests for the functionality or stability of the firewall

Components of a media image of popular bloggers in international social network

Background: This article identifies and studies components of media images of Anastasia Ivleeva and Yury Dud, the two video bloggers popular among the Russian youth Internet audience at present. Millions of subscribers follow their YouTube channels, and viewers actively comment their videos. Objective: The goal of the study was to test the hypothesis that the video bloggers can influence their target audience (predominantly, the youth) and set the example. Materials and Methods: Under the study, thirty videos by each blogger made in 2019 to 1 July 2021 were reviewed to consider such criteria as their speech problematic, behavior in the frame, drive to the target audience, clothing style specificity, peculiarities of communicating with the framed interviewees, vocabulary and narration style distinctiveness as well as creative style quality. Results and Conclusions: It was detected that both bloggers wanted to fetch the audience and become close friends. They sought to achieve it by wearing casual clothes and using the strong language. Bloggers attempted to evoke a feeling of consuming the real and objective world landscape with their audience; at that, the bold and honest video bloggers did not conceal any social problems (unlike many leading TV shows by the Federal television channels); on the contrary, they spoke openly, provided diversified data and enabled their subscribers to make conclusions on their own

Language Specialist’s Competence Profile in Russia and the USA

В исследовании представлен сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ ряда компетенций специалистов языкового профиля, согласно Стандартам по изучению иностранных языков в XXI веке в США, стандартов по модели либерального образования (США), Федеральных государственных образовательных стандартов высшего образования по языковым направлениям.The research presents the comparative analysis of language specialist skills, according to Counseling Standards for Higher Education (USA), the World-Readiness Standards for Learning Languages: Preparing for the 21st Century (USA), Federal State Educational Standards in language fields of concentration (Russia)

The National Regional Component in the System of Foreign Language School Education in the Republic of Uzbekistan

Целью данной работы является исследование актуальной проблемы интеграции национально-регионального компонента в систему школьного иноязычного образования в поликультурном пространстве Узбекистана. В статье рассматриваются вопросы сохранения культурной идентичности и развития межкультурной компетенции, теоретические и практические основы для успешного включения национально-регионального компонента в программу образования на основе лингвострановедческого подхода к обучению иностранному языку. Особое внимание уделено сопоставлению содержания двух учебных пособий 9 класса “Prepare” и “Fly High English” в контексте реализации в содержании материалов региональной тематики. Обосновано, что для эффективного обучения иностранным языкам необходимо уметь сочетать изучение мировой культуры с пониманием местных традиций и истории родного края.The report investigates the current issue of integrating the national and regional components into the system of foreign language school education in the multicultural space of Uzbekistan. The paper discloses and proves the need for preserving cultural identity and developing students’ intercultural competence. Theoretical and practical approaches to the implementation of the national regional component in the education system are considered, complementing the linguistic approach. Special attention is paid to comparing the contents of two 9th grade textbooks “Prepare” and “Fly High English" with the view of availability of regional component materials in these manuals. Within the context of teaching foreign languages effectively the ability of combining the study of world culture with an understanding of local traditions and the history of the native land is focused on

The impact of competition on regional food security (the case of the milk and dairy market in the republic of Tatarstan)

Regional food markets are important structural elements of the national market. Development of the market environment is one of the key methods of stimulating food production. As the agro-industrial policy changes its focus from import substitution towards export-oriented production, the role of competition in the agricultural sphere becomes particularly prominent. The authors propose a new indicator characterizing the level of concentration of producers on the market – the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) for the share of gross profit of economic entities. This article is aimed at giving a theoretical justification of this approach and at providing practical recommendations for the development of regional food markets based on the regulation of food producer concentration levels. Multi-dimensional statistical calculations were used to test the hypothesis that the development of large economic entities (including monopolies) has a positive impact on the affordability and accessibility of locally produced foods. The authors measured the strength of the correlation between the socio-economic indicators that affect regional food security by using the case of the milk and dairy market in the Republic of Tatarstan. The proposed methodology is based on the decision matrix method applied to analyze the situation in local food markets, which gives us a better understanding of the situation in the whole region regarding the accessibility and affordability of foods. The correlation-regression analysis enabled us to integrate the indicators that show the impact of competition on affordability of foods with those that show the impact of producers’ efficiency on accessibility of foods in the region. The proposed approach considers profitability of economic entities, accessibility of foods and competition on the producer market and can thus be used to enhance food security by revealing the optimal priority areas for governmental policies and programs on the national, regional and local levels