A Toxicity study on Pañcacūta Meḻuku

The medicine Pañca cūta meḻuku (PCM) referenced in the Siddha literature Yūkikarical- 151 was chosen for the dissertation and approved formally by institution. 2. The metal drugs were authenticated by experts in Chemistry department, Siddha Central Research Institute, Chennai. 3. The herbal drugs were authenticated by experts in Herbal garden, Siddha Central Research Institute, Mettur dam. 4. Drug were purified as per the literature and subjected to preparatory procedures. 5. The medicine PCM was successfully prepared with precautionary measures and authenticated. 6. As per PLIM guidelines standardization parameters and qualitative analysis were studied. 7. FTIR analysis showed the presence of both organic and inorganic substances. 8. Approximately 95% degradation of PCM at with most of the mercury epaporating above 400oC indicated the presence of significant organic form of mercury in final PCM 9. This was substanciated by elememtal analysis, as it showed the decrease in percentage of mercury before and after trituration. 10. Following that XRD was performed to know the speciation of elements in PCBbefore trituration and PCM-FINAL and the inference indicates that the presence of HgCl2 and Hg2Cl2 in the former but in latter HgS was the major compound. 11. One-time oral administration of PCM produced notable toxicity only at very high doses (hundred times that of therapeutic dose) and was found to be completely safe up to twenty-seven times that of therapeutic dose in female animals. 12. On continuous administration for a period of Twenty-eight days, PCM was found to be safe at therapeutic dose in male and female animals. Though mortality was seen at 8th day in one among the 10 male animals administered with five times that of therapeutic dose, female animals didn’t show any lethal effects.Repeated administration of ten times that of therapeutic dose caused mortality in both male and female animals from fourth day. 13. A clear disparity is seen between male and female animals in mortality rate with male death three times more when compared with female animals. This disparity could be attributed to the influence of sex in expression of OAT 1 & OAT 2 in the renal cell membrane or direct influence of sex hormones. 14. All the animals that died during the course of study showed neurotoxic or musculo-toxic symptoms, whereas the animals that survived the complete course of study showed nephrotoxic symptoms. Upregulation of major inflammatory markers, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in kidney and spleen confirmed the active inflammation in both spleen and kidney of high dose administered anima

Energy Aware Clustering and Aggregate Node Rotation with Sink Relocation in WSN

As the WSN used in industrial and Environmental monitoring the most critical issues in the WSN is to reduce the energy consumption to extend the lifetime of the wireless sensor network. The intermediate hop nodes are working throughout the data transmission so those nodes drain out their energy which automatically reduces the life time of the wireless sensor network. To overcome these drawbacks the EAC-ASR protocol (Energy Aware Clustering Aggregate Node Rotation) with sink relocation method four important processes which are present in this protocol was Clustering, data aggregation, mobile node rotation by swapping algorithm and sink relocation are applied. In this paper theoretical analysis and the simulation analysis are done and the result shows that the EAC-ASR protocol reduces the energy consumption and increase the energy efficiency. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150316

Bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy CK compact spaces

The objective of this article is to initiate the innovative views on bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy topological space, bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy C compact and its preimage, orbit and image followed by some of its special characterizations are studied. The main approaches of its CK, RC compact spaces are established and few significant properties are investigated.Publisher's Versio

An Efficient Mining Approach for Handling Web Access Sequences

The World Wide Web (WWW) becomes an important source for collecting, storing, and sharing the information. Based on the users query the traditional web page search approximately retrieves the related link and some of the search engines are Alta, Vista, Google, etc. The process of web mining defines to determine the unknown and useful information from web data. Web mining contains the two approaches such as data-based approach and process-based approach. Now a day the data-based approach is the widely used approach. It is used to extract the knowledge from web data in the form of hyper link, and web log data. In this study, the modern technique is presented for mining web access utility-based tree construction under Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA). MGA tree are newly created to deploy the tree construction. In the web access sequences tree construction for the most part relies upon internal and external utility values. The performance of the proposed technique provides an efficient Web access sequences for both static and incremental data. Furthermore, this research work is helpful for both forward references and backward references of web access sequences

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF FOUR DIFFERENT FLOWERS – COUROUPITA GUIANENSIS, BAUHINIA PURPUREA, STENOLOBIUM STANS, AND PLUMERIA RUBRA

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the phytochemical from the aqueous and methanol flower extracts of four significant medicinal plants, namely, Couroupita guianensis, Bauhinia purpurea, Stenolobium stans, and Plumeria rubra. Methods: The different flowers such as C. guianensis, B. purpurea, P. rubra, and S. stans were collected from Avadi and Koyambedu market, Chennai. Standard procedure was followed for the qualitative analysis of phytocompounds. Results: Preliminary phytochemical analysis resulted that the methanolic flower extract of four plants has rich bioactive compounds comparably to the aqueous flower extracts. Tannins, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids were highly present in B. purpurea compared the other three flowers. Only plant P. rubra contains the rich source of cardiac glycosides in methanolic flower extract. Conclusion: From the results of the current study, we conclude that the methanolic extract of B. purpurea flower has bulk phytocompounds and can be used as a traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases

Imperative Role Of Human Resource Management In Organizational Activities

Human Resource Management is the strategic approach to the effective management of people in a company or Organization such that they help their business gain a competitive advantage. The overall purpose of Human Resource is to ensure that the organizational is able to achieve success through people. It practices on organizational performance. The job of HRM is the job of all such departments to ensure that the business gets the most out of its employees. The Human Resources Management needs to provide a high return on the business investment in its people and deals with not just management issues but also human as well. It has widely spread over different channels receiving an application, selection, placement, Training and development, promotional activities, performance appraisal, job definition, compensation, reward and employee participation. In this paper we discuss the reasons for organizations to have a HRM strategy as well as the business drivers that make the strategy imperative for Organizational achievement. HRM becomes a valuable tool for management to ensure the organizational success. In today’s world the human resource management plays a very vital role in the daily life. On the one hand the soft and hard human resource management influence on the business and let them develop rapidly for organizational growth and success

Determination of Adulteration and Quantity of Petrol in Automobiles

Determination of adulteration and quantity of petrol in automobiles is implemented to ensure quality, quantity and to determine the efficiency of the engine through mileage. It consists of pH meter, LDR arrangement, proximity sensor, PIC microcontroller and LCD. The pH meter is used for the quality testing of petrol and its values should range between 5.5-5.88 to indicate petrol without adulteration. LDR arrangement produce a change in the voltage according to the level of petrol in the tank is used for quantity measurement. Proximity sensor is used to determine the petrol consumption between the levels of LDR arrangement by calculating the number of rotations of the wheel through induction type. The inputs from the pH Meter, LDR setup and proximity sensor are connected to the PIC microcontroller. Based on the voltage level produced from the sensors, PIC controller would calculate and display the corresponding values of quality, quantity and mileage of the vehicle

Assessment of potential suitability of land for town growth - Franz Josef.

In the face of expanding urban and rural areas and land intensification, hazard events are likely to continue to become more severe and devastating. This situation is no more relevant than in Franz Josef's township, where the systems responsible for the beautiful natural environment also pose a threat. As a result of the rapid growth and increase in tourism over the last decade, and due to the hazardous location of the current town, a new residential subdivision has been proposed and is currently being developed west of the Tatare River. As a risk management measure, all infrastructures may be relocated if there is a low perceived risk of seismic hazard and sedimentation of a landslide, flood, or debris flow. However, there have been no detailed study or hazard assessment undertaken for the new townsites to ascertain suitability of land for town growth in relation to the natural hazards that surround the township. As such, it remains unknown if relocation to the new towns drastically reduces risk and acts as a good risk reduction measure. In 2020, the Westland District Council commissioned a study to carry out a relative risk analysis comparing the risks associated with moving to a potential relocation site and those associated with Franz Josef township's current location. The purpose of this study was to directly compare the exposure of the existing and proposed townsites by carrying out a hazard analysis through a comparison between the natural hazard risk profiles for the various hazards and to estimate individual and societal risk to life. These results will help inform decision making around the future of Franz Josef. This was undertaken through a literature review of the various identified hazards that threaten both the current and new townsites, GIS and RAMMS modelling of the extents of hazard outflows and empirical methods from data identified in literature. With the same degree of development assumed for both town sites, the results show that the average annual impact on the current town sites is approximately six more than the impact on the proposed new town sites. Moreover, both individual and societal risk to life estimates are 17 times higher in the current town sites. Currently, the most significant risk to the new townsite is debris flow from the Stoney Creek catchment. In spite of this, the maximum runout extent of the largest recurrence interval event is still minimal and can be mitigated by proper measures. The results provide a robust assessment of the hazards and risks that can be faced by the two townsites as well as conclusive evidence that risk can be mitigated or transferred from the current townsites via relocation to the new townsites. The results of this thesis can be used to initiate fundamental dialogue on the relocation of the current township. Nonetheless, a more comprehensive risk assessment is required, where all aspects (such as societal, economic, cultural) must be examined in greater detail. It is also fundamental that other potential sites within the area are also considered as an alternative, with more investigative work