Treatment of "Blue toe" syndrome with Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: Case study

Sindrom plavih prstiju je relativno redak ishemijski poremećaj, nastao usled okluzije malih krvnih sudova fragmentima aterosklerotičnih plakova sačinjenih od kristala holesterola, masnih kiselina i kalcijuma. Može se pojaviti kao komplikacija nakon endovaskularne procedure, najčešće na infrarenalnom delu abdominalne aorte, ali i kod bolesnika koji su na oralnoj antikoagulantnoj terapiji (OAKT). Hiperbarična oksigenoterapija (HBOt) predstavlja udisanje 100% kiseonika u pažljivo kontrolisanim uslovima povišenog pritiska. Prikazan je slučaj primene HBOt u tretmanu bolesnice sa sindromom plavih prstiju, koji se javio nakon endovaskularne procedure na infrarenalnoj aneurizmi abdominalne aorte (AAA). Po završenoj HBOt, došlo je do potpune regresije ishemijskih promena."Blue toe" syndrome is a relatively rare ischemic disorder produced by occlusion of small blood vessels with fragments of atherosclerotic plaques composed of cholesterol crystals, fatty acids and calcium. It can occur as a complication after endovascular procedures, usually performed on the infra-renal segment of abdominal aorta, as well as in the patients who were under treatment with oral anticoagulant therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOt) is inhaling 100% oxygen under carefully controlled elevated pressure conditions. In Zemun Clinical Hospital, a patient who presented with "blue toe" syndrome, has been treated with HBOt. After the completion of HBOt course, there was an almost complete regression of ischemic changes

Early Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity/Expression in Lymphocytes of Type 1 Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Pilot Study

This study aimed at examining the early effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity/expression in lymphocytes of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. A group of 19 patients (mean age: 63 ± 2.1) with T1DM and with the peripheral arterial disease were included in this study. Patients were exposed to 10 sessions of HBOT in the duration of 1 h to 100% oxygen inhalation at 2.4 ATA. Blood samples were collected for the plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma free fatty acid (FFA), serum nitrite/nitrate, and serum arginase activity measurements. Expression of iNOS and phosphorylation of p65 subunit of nuclear factor- κ B (NF κ B-p65), extracellular-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and protein kinase B (Akt) were examined in lymphocyte lysates by Western blot. After exposure to HBOT, plasma CRP and FFA were significantly decreased ( p < 0.001 ). Protein expression of iNOS and serum nitrite/nitrate levels were decreased ( p < 0.01 ), while serum arginase activity was increased ( p < 0.05 ) versus before exposure to HBOT. Increased phosphorylation of NF κ B-p65 at Ser 536 ( p < 0.05 ) and decreased level of NF κ B-p65 protein ( p < 0.001 ) in lymphocytes of T1DM patients were observed after HBOT. Decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 ( p < 0.05 ) and Akt ( p < 0.05 ) was detected after HBOT. Our results indicate that exposure to HBO decreased iNOS activity/expression via decreasing phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt followed by decreased activity of NF κ B

Cross-national variations in reported discrimination among people treated for major depression worldwide: The ASPEN/INDIGO international study

Background: No study has so far explored differences in discrimination reported by people with major depressive disorder (MDD) across countries and cultures. Aims: To (a) compare reported discrimination across different countries, and (b) explore the relative weight of individual and contextual factors in explaining levels of reported discrimination in people with MDD. Method: Cross-sectional multisite international survey (34 countries worldwide) of 1082 people with MDD. Experienced and anticipated discrimination were assessed by the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). Countries were classified according to their rating on the Human Development Index (HDI). Multilevel negative binomial and Poisson models were used. Results: People living in 'very high HDI' countries reported higher discrimination than those in 'medium/low HDI' countries. Variation in reported discrimination across countries was only partially explained by individual-level variables. The contribution of country-level variables was significant for anticipated discrimination only. Conclusions: Contextual factors play an important role in anticipated discrimination. Country-specific interventions should be implemented to prevent discrimination towards people with MDD

Problemi deindustrijalizacije privrede Srbije

The paper analyzes the process of the industrialization, i.e. deindustrialization of the Serbian economy in the time period after the Second World War until today. In the observed period, two contrary processes have been recorded. Until the beginning of the 1980s, the process of the accelerated industrialization of the economy was taking place. In the structure of the GDP, industry increased its share to around 44%. At the beginning of the 1990s, East European socialist countries and Serbia commenced the process of the transition of the economy and the economic system. In the starting phase of transition, all countries recorded a negative rate of their economic growth, a fall in the GDP and a reduction in the share of industry in the structure of GDP of the economy. Differently from the countries in which the negative tendencies of the economic growth were stopped in the mid-1990s, and which became the EU member countries in 2004 and 2007, the negative trend of the economic growth and the deindustrialization of the economy in Serbia continued during the first decade of the 21st century. In the previous twenty-year period, the GDP of the Serbian economy was reduced to 60% of the level of the 1990s. The 15.9% share of industry in the structure of the economy in 2009 is lower than the share of Yugoslavia's industry immediately after the Second World War (around 20%).U radu je analiziran proces industrijalizacije, odnosno deindustrijalizacije privrede Srbije u periodu posle Drugog svetskog rata do danas. U posmatranom razdoblju zabeležena su dva suprotna procesa. Do početka osamdesetih godina u Srbiji se odvijao proces ubrzane industrijalizacije privrede. Industrija je povećala svoje učešće na oko 44% u strukturi BDP. Početkom devedesetih godina istočnoevropske socijalističke zemlje i Srbija su započele proces tranzicije privrede i privrednog sistema. U početnoj fazi tranzicije sve zemlje su zabeležile negativnu stopu privrednog rasta, pad BDP i smanjenje učešća industrije u strukturi BDP privrede. Za razliku od zemalja u kojima su negativne tendencije privrednog rasta zaustavljene polovinom devedesetih godina, a koje su 2004. i 2007. godine postale članice EU, u Srbiji je negativan trend privrednog razvoja i deindustrijalizacije privrede nastavljen i tokom prve decenije XXI veka. U prethodnom dvadesetogodišnjem periodu BDP privrede Srbije je smanjen na 60% nivoa iz devedesetih godina XX veka. Učešće industrije u strukturi privrede 2009. godine od 15,9%, niže je od učešća industrije Jugoslavije neposredno posle Drugog svetskog rata (oko 20%)

The frequency of premature segregation of centromeres in persons exposed to ionizing radiation

U ovom radu istraživana je učestalost prevremene centromerne deobe (PCD) u metafazama medicinskog osoblja profesionalno izloženog jonizujućem zračenju koji su imali pozitivan nalaz hromozomskih aberacija, u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu koja nije profesionalno izložena efektima pomenutog zračenja. Evaluacija klastogenog efekta izvedena je pomoću Moorchaedove mikrometode te aplikacijom tehnika fluorescentne in situ hibridizacije (FISH). Analizom rezultata zapaženo je da postoji statistički značajna razlika (p lt 0.05) u frekvenciji metafaza PCD na bilo kom od observiranih hromozoma kao i na ukupnom broju hromozoma sa PCD između dve grupe ispitanika (profesionalno izloženi i kontrole). Fluorescentnom in situ hibridizacijom (FISH) praćenje centromerni region hromozoma 18 na metafazama i interfaznim jedrima, što je pokazala da je pojavljivanje PCD na hromozomu 18 bilo 11,19% na metafazama i 10.88% na interfaznim jedrima, dok je kod kontrolne grupe ispitanika pojavljivanje PCD na hromozomu 18 bilo 7,58%, na metafazama, i 7.78% na interfaznim jedrima. Dakle, ovim istraživanjemj e utvrđeno da kod ispitanika profesionalno izloženih jonizujućem zračenju, postoji fenomen PCD verifikovan u metafazama i interfaznim jedrima, u značajno frekventnijem obimu nego što je to slučaj sa kontrolnom grupom ispitanika. Indukcija PCD raznim genotoksičnim agensima upućuje da se PCD sagleda kao parametar genotoksičnog rizika po čoveka i njegovu životu sredinu.The objective of study was to establish the incidence of PCD in metaphases of medical personnel occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation in relation to the controls. Moorchaed's micromethod and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) were used for evaluation of clastogenic effect. The analysis of results revealed statistically significant difference (p lt 0.05) of PCD manifestation in metaphases any chromosome and the control group. In addition, significantly higher values were found in a total number of chromosomes with PCD than in the controls (p lt 0.05). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to monitor the centromeric region of chromosome 18 in metaphases and interphasic nuclei. Cytogenic analysis showed that the manifestation of PCD in chromosome 18 was 11.19% in metaphases and 10.88% in interphasic nuclei, while in the controls, the presentation of PCD in chromosome 18 was 7.58% in mataphases and 7.78% in interphasic nuclei. The study confirmed that the subjects occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation had PCD phenomenon, wich was verified in metaphases and interphasic nuclei in a significant frequency rate. The induction of PCD by various genotoxic agents directs us to recognize PCD as parametar of genotoxic risk to mankind and its environment

Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Fatty Acid Composition and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 in Adult Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Pilot Study

Objective: Metabolic changes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) impair vasodilation, and this leads to tissue hypoxia and microvascular pathology. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can significantly improve the outcome of ischemic conditions in IDDM patients and reduce vascular complications. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of HBOT on plasma fatty acid (FA) composition, and expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) in IDDM patients. Methods: Our study included 24 adult IDDM patients diagnosed with peripheral vascular complications. The patients were exposed to 10 sessions of 100% oxygen inhalation at 2.4 atmosphere absolute for 1 hour. Blood samples were collected at admission and after HBOT for measurement of metabolic parameters, FA composition and IGFBP-1. Measurement of plasma FA composition was determined by gas chromatography. Expression of IGFBP-1 in the serum was estimated by Western blot analysis. Results: HBOT decreased blood levels of total cholesterol (p<0.05), triglycerides (p<0.05) and low-density lipoprotein (p<0.05). HBOT increased plasma levels of individual FAs: palmitic acid (p<0.05), palmitoleic acid (p<0.05), docosapentaenoic acid (p<0.05) and docosahexaenoic acid (p<0.01), and decreased levels of stearic acid (p<0.05), alpha linolenic acid (p<0.05) and linoleic acid (p<0.01). Expression of IGFBP-1 (p<0.01) was increased, whereas the level of insulin (p<0.001) was decreased in the serum after HBOT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that HBOT exerts beneficial effects in IDDM patients by improving the lipid profile and altering FA composition. © 2019 Canadian Diabetes Associatio