Gender Differences in Shopping Habits and Goals of Shopping

A review of the literature suggested there could be gender differences in the goals and shopping habits of consumers. The hypothesis is that female college students will take part in the activity of shopping for the sake of shopping while male college students will take part in the activity of shopping to purchase specific items. I tested this hypothesis by giving out questionnaires concerning one’s shopping habits and goals to volunteer undergraduate college students of both genders from Lindenwood University in St. Charles, MO. The findings did support the hypothesis. Individual statistics from each question show support for gender differences. The findings may benefit both consumers and the department stores by informing them of any gender differences in the habits and goals of college students who shop. With this information, department stores may find it beneficial to adjust their marketing strategy accordingly

Research Proposal: Gender Differences in Cleaning Your Hotel Room

At home, the majority of women do more cleaning involving such household tasks as cooking, washing the dishes, keeping the floors clean, and so on while the men tend to achieve little of the household cleaning load with the exception of managing the finances and doing household repairs. However, when in a hotel room setting a man will throw away trash, straighten up the bathroom by putting the used towels in a pile, and engage in other straightening activities more than a woman will. I want to look into this because I found it interesting that in my personal experiences women will do more cleaning tasks than men at home but when in a hotel room men will engage in more cleaning tasks than women. I would like to research the rationale for this phenomenon

CMOS output buffer wave shaper

As the switching speeds and densities of Digital CMOS integrated circuits continue to increase, output switching noise becomes more of a problem. A design technique which aids in the reduction of switching noise is reported. The output driver stage is analyzed through the use of an equivalent RLC circuit. The results of the analysis are used in the design of an output driver stage. A test circuit based on these techniques is being submitted to MOSIS for fabrication

The use of topical anesthetics in RGP contact lens fitting

This study compared advantages and disadvantages of using a topical anesthetic while fitting twenty first time RGP contact lens wearers. Changes in attitude and corneal health were compared between subject groups. The experimental group received one drop of 0.5% proparacaine OU just prior to initial lens insertion while the control group received a placebo drop. Anesthetic was used at the fitting visit only. Corneal health was established prior to subjects being fit with lenses, immediately after being fit, and then again monitored at one week and one month of lens wear. Subjects answered questionnaires before and immediately after being fit with RGP lenses. Follow-up questionnaires were then answered at one week and one month of lens wear to assess differences in adaptation and attitude. Results indicated that subjects receiving anesthetic required less time to be fit and were more likely to be confident about their chances for becoming successful rigid lens wearers. No significantly adverse effects to corneal health or integrity were noted. Preliminary data from one week and one month follow-up visits indicated that subjects receiving anesthetic may be more likely to feel adapted to their lenses within two weeks. We have suggested, baring any outward contraindication, that anesthetic can be advantageous when used with unusually tense or apprehensive patients

A Tale of Two Toxins: Helicobacter Pylori CagA and VacA Modulate Host Pathways that Impact Disease

Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium that colonizes more than 50% of the world's population, which leads to a tremendous medical burden. H. pylori infection is associated with such varied diseases as gastritis, peptic ulcers, and two forms of gastric cancer: gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. This association represents a novel paradigm for cancer development; H. pylori is currently the only bacterium to be recognized as a carcinogen. Therefore, a significant amount of research has been conducted to identify the bacterial factors and the deregulated host cell pathways that are responsible for the progression to more severe disease states. Two of the virulence factors that have been implicated in this process are cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA), which are cytotoxins that are injected and secreted by H. pylori, respectively. Both of these virulence factors are polymorphic and affect a multitude of host cellular pathways. These combined facts could easily contribute to differences in disease severity across the population as various CagA and VacA alleles differentially target some pathways. Herein we highlight the diverse types of cellular pathways and processes targeted by these important toxins

Twofold improved tumor-to-brain contrast using a novel T1 relaxation-enhanced steady-state (T1RESS) MRI technique

A technique that provides more accurate cancer detection would be of great value. Toward this end, we developed T1 relaxation-enhanced steady-state (T1RESS), a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequence that enables the flexible modulation of T1 weighting and provides the unique feature that intravascular signals can be toggled on and off in contrast-enhanced scans. T1RESS makes it possible to effectively use an MRI technique with improved signal-to-noise ratio efficiency for cancer imaging. In a proof-of-concept study, "dark blood"unbalanced T1RESS provided a twofold improvement in tumor-to-brain contrast compared with standard techniques, whereas balanced T1RESS greatly enhanced vascular detail. In conclusion, T1RESS represents a new MRI technique with substantial potential value for cancer imaging, along with a broad range of other clinical applications

Promoting Awareness of Self: Cultural Immersion and Service-Learning Experiences of Counselors-in-Training

Promoting Awareness-of-Self: Cultural Immersion and Service-Learning experiences Abstract Counselor education is committed to exploring innovative pedagogy to provide opportunities for counselor trainees to increase multicultural competence. International cultural immersion and service –learning create an environment for counselors-in-training to explore their cultural competence through cultural interactions, relationships, and heightened self-awareness. This exploratory, qualitative, phenomenological study using focus group data collection investigated the lived experience of counselors-in-training through international cultural immersion and service-learning. Awareness-of-self emerged as the overarching theme which included themes of personal and national privilege, cultural encapsulation, sense of belonging, and racism. Subthemes include attitudes and beliefs, cultural norms, time, gender roles, community vs. individualism, intra-group differences, and intra-community racism. Findings can serve to inform counselor educators on the use of international service-learning and cultural immersion as pedagogy for advancing self-awareness and multicultural competence