Analytical solution to the Black-Scholes Equation: Adomian Decomposition Method Versus Lie Algebraic Approach

In this paper, we compare two relevant methods to find Analytical solution of the Black-Scholes Equation. First, we apply the Adomian Decomposition Method as in [2], to obtain a solution to the aforementioned equation with boundary condition for a European option. Secondly, we apply the Lie algebraic Approach for determining the solution as in [7]. Those two methods conducted us to investigate the thin line between the underlying results. Finally, we suggest a simple enhanced Due Diligence on both approaches

“We have been working overnight without sleeping”: traditional birth attendants’ practices and perceptions of post-partum care services in rural Tanzania

Background: In many low-income countries, formal post-partum care utilization is much lower than that of skilled delivery and antenatal care. While Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) might play a role in post-partum care, research exploring their attitudes and practices during this period is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore TBAs’ practices and perceptions in post-partum care in rural Tanzania. Methods: Qualitative in-depth interview data were collected from eight untrained and three trained TBAs. Additionally, five multiparous women who were clients of untrained TBAs were also interviewed. Interviews were conducted in February 2013. Data were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data. Results: Our study found that TBAs take care of women during post-partum with rituals appreciated by women. They report lacking formal post-partum care training, which makes them ill-equipped to detect and handle post-partum complications. Despite their lack of preparation, they try to provide care for some post-partum complications which could put the health of the woman at risk. TBAs perceive that utilization of hospital-based post-partum services among women was only important for the baby and for managing complications which they cannot handle. They are poorly linked with the health system. Conclusions: This study found that the TBAs conducted close follow-ups and some of their practices were appreciated by women. However, the fact that they were trying to manage certain post-partum complications can put women at risk. These findings point out the need to enhance the communication between TBAs and the formal health system and to increase the quality of the TBA services, especially in terms of prompt referral, through provision of training, mentoring, monitoring and supervision of the TBA servic

Assessment of insecticidal effectiveness of selected crude plant extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

M.SC. DissertationEffects of Commiphora swynnertonii, Synadenium glaucescens and Allium sativum ethanolic extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick were evaluated under laboratory and screen house conditions. The threes life stages (eggs, second instar larvae and adults) of the tomato leaf miner were involved in the experiment. All the life stages of tomato leaf miner were treated topically with the plants extracts at (2%, 4% and 8%). The mean percentage mortality of eggs, second instar larvae and adults were recorded daily for 5 days. Results indicated that, each plant extract caused significant mortality to larvae and adults of T. absoluta after 5 days in comparison to the control. In laboratory, using the leaf dipping technique, Commiphora showed the highest effects on T. absoluta second instar larvae while Synadenium extract exhibited the least effect. The Commiphora ethanolic extract was the only one that showed potential to be used as a control agent against eggs as it led to 0% egg hatchability. Synadenium resulted in no mortality of T. absoluta eggs in this trial as there was 96.6% hatchability. Leaf dipping against second instar and adult of T. absoluta proved to be the most effective for all plants extracts at 30-100%. Commiphora resulted in the highest second instar larval and adults’ mortality of 100%. In the screen house Commiphora showed the high reduction of infestation for Tanya and Cal J varieties. Treatment with this plants extracts resulted in the highest fruit yield and the lowest yield loss compared to all the plant extracts. Commiphora swynnertonii extract is recommended into integrated pest management strategies for the control of T. absoluta

Assessment of insecticidal effectiveness of selected crude plant extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

M.SC. DissertationEffects of Commiphora swynnertonii, Synadenium glaucescens and Allium sativum ethanolic extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick were evaluated under laboratory and screen house conditions. The threes life stages (eggs, second instar larvae and adults) of the tomato leaf miner were involved in the experiment. All the life stages of tomato leaf miner were treated topically with the plants extracts at (2%, 4% and 8%). The mean percentage mortality of eggs, second instar larvae and adults were recorded daily for 5 days. Results indicated that, each plant extract caused significant mortality to larvae and adults of T. absoluta after 5 days in comparison to the control. In laboratory, using the leaf dipping technique, Commiphora showed the highest effects on T. absoluta second instar larvae while Synadenium extract exhibited the least effect. The Commiphora ethanolic extract was the only one that showed potential to be used as a control agent against eggs as it led to 0% egg hatchability. Synadenium resulted in no mortality of T. absoluta eggs in this trial as there was 96.6% hatchability. Leaf dipping against second instar and adult of T. absoluta proved to be the most effective for all plants extracts at 30-100%. Commiphora resulted in the highest second instar larval and adults’ mortality of 100%. In the screen house Commiphora showed the high reduction of infestation for Tanya and Cal J varieties. Treatment with this plants extracts resulted in the highest fruit yield and the lowest yield loss compared to all the plant extracts. Commiphora swynnertonii extract is recommended into integrated pest management strategies for the control of T. absoluta

Assessment of insecticidal effectiveness of selected crude plant extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

M.SC. DissertationEffects of Commiphora swynnertonii, Synadenium glaucescens and Allium sativum ethanolic extracts on the tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick were evaluated under laboratory and screen house conditions. The threes life stages (eggs, second instar larvae and adults) of the tomato leaf miner were involved in the experiment. All the life stages of tomato leaf miner were treated topically with the plants extracts at (2%, 4% and 8%). The mean percentage mortality of eggs, second instar larvae and adults were recorded daily for 5 days. Results indicated that, each plant extract caused significant mortality to larvae and adults of T. absoluta after 5 days in comparison to the control. In laboratory, using the leaf dipping technique, Commiphora showed the highest effects on T. absoluta second instar larvae while Synadenium extract exhibited the least effect. The Commiphora ethanolic extract was the only one that showed potential to be used as a control agent against eggs as it led to 0% egg hatchability. Synadenium resulted in no mortality of T. absoluta eggs in this trial as there was 96.6% hatchability. Leaf dipping against second instar and adult of T. absoluta proved to be the most effective for all plants extracts at 30-100%. Commiphora resulted in the highest second instar larval and adults’ mortality of 100%. In the screen house Commiphora showed the high reduction of infestation for Tanya and Cal J varieties. Treatment with this plants extracts resulted in the highest fruit yield and the lowest yield loss compared to all the plant extracts. Commiphora swynnertonii extract is recommended into integrated pest management strategies for the control of T. absoluta

Is Vitamin B6 Supplementation of Isoniazid Therapy Useful in Childhood Tuberculosis?

We present the results of a prospective single blind placebo controlled study performed to establish whether vitamin B6 supplementation of isoniazid therapy is useful in childhood tuberculosis. Eighty-five children suffering from tuberculosis (TB) and admitted between 1 October 1993 and 31 March 1995 to the Hospital of IME-Kimpese (Lower Zaire) were included. All were treated with isoniazid and other antitubercular drugs and were randomized to receive either vitamin B6 supplementation or placebo. No case of neurological or neuropsychiatric disorder was observed in the two groups during the 6 months of the treatment and 3 months after the treatment. These results suggest that the vitamin B6 supplementation of isoniazid therapy is unnecessary in childhood TB. </jats:p

Computing Fuzzy Queueing Performance Measures by L-R Method

This article shows that the {\it L-R method} introduced in this work is one of valid methods for computing performance measures of fuzzy queues. Using this calculation technique, we find the number of customers and the waiting time of a simple queue M/M/1 in fuzzy environment. L-R method has the advantage of being short, convenient and flexible compared to the well-known and called alpha-cuts method