PROPUESTA DE EVALUACIÓN INTEGRAL EN LA UNIVERSIDAD: UNA EXPERIENCIA QUIMICA ANALITICA GENERAL

Resumen Este trabajo pretende mostrar una descripción del Sistema de Evaluación Integral (SEI) diseñado e implementado en la Cátedra de Química Analítica General durante el periodo 1998-2001, a partir de un modelo que articula los diferentes tipos de evaluación (evaluación diagnóstica, formativa, sumativa y autoevaluación), con las diferentes fases de evaluación (inicial, procesual y final), principios que proporcionaron la base teórica necesaria para su realización. La continua realimentación, producto de una mayor interrelación docente-alumno, permitió modificar algunos aspectos de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje con la consiguiente mejora en la práctica pedagógica y en el rendimiento de los alumnos.   Palabras clave: Sistema de Evaluación Integral, Evaluación diagnóstica, formativa, sumativa y autoevaluación, realimentación, procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, práctica pedagógica.     SUMMARY This work seeks to show a description of the System of Integral Evaluation (SIE) designed and implemented within the course of General Analytical Chemistry in a period of 4 years, from 1998 to 2001. The design of the SIE was built from a model that articulates the different types of evaluation (diagnostic, formative and additive evaluation and self evaluation) with the different evaluation steps (initial, ¨in the process¨ and final), principles that gave the theoretical base needed for its achievement. The continuous feed-back, due to a better interrelation between the teacher and the student, helps to modify some aspects of the teaching and learning process improving the pedagogic practice and in the students academic performance.   Keywords: System of Integral Evaluation, diagnostic, formative and additive evaluation and self evaluation, feed-back, teaching and learning process, pedagogic practice

Superradiant instability of black resonators and geons

Abstract: Black resonators and geons in global AdS are rapidly rotating, low-energy solutions with a helical Killing field. We study the linear mode stability of equal angular momenta, five-dimensional black resonators and geons under scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational perturbations. We find that black resonators are unstable to the superradiant instability, in agreement with previously known results. Perhaps surprisingly, many geons appear linearly stable, despite having an ergoregion. This apparent stability implies that geons are important long-lived, low-energy states in the dual gauge theory. However, we do find that geons are unstable within a certain range of parameter space. We comment on the nature of this instability and to its possible endpoints. We also report on new non-spinning oscillating geons, which we construct within a cohomogeneity two ansatz. Given the existing arguments that suggest our linear stability results may be extended nonlinearly, our findings indicate that most geons are generic and long-lived solutions

Traducción, adaptación y validación al español del cuestionario de calidad de vida de 32 ítems (IBDQ-32) de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Spanish translation, adaptation, and validation of the 32-item questionnaire on quality of life for inflammatory bowel disease (IBDQ-32)

Introducción: la medida de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) tiene una reconocida importancia en la evaluación, el manejo y el seguimiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. El instrumento de medida más utilizado es la versión de 32 ítems del Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32), que no está adaptado al español. Objetivo: traducir la versión del IBDQ-32 al español y determinar su validez, fiabilidad y sensibilidad tanto en la colitis ulcerosa como en la enfermedad de Crohn. Método: estudio prospectivo en dos fases: traducción y posterior validación del IBDQ-32 al español. La traducción se ha basado en la versión al español validada del IBDQ-36, y los ítems del IBDQ-32 no incluidos en el IBDQ-36 se tradujeron "de novo". Una vez terminada la traducción del IBDQ32, se aplicó un cuestionario específico de comprensión. Para determinar las propiedades psicométricas del IBDQ-32, un grupo de pacientes completó el IBDQ-36 ya validado al español y el IBDQ-32. Resultados: se han incluido 84 pacientes (53 con enfermedad de Crohn y 31 con colitis ulcerosa). La mediana de la puntuación global de ambos cuestionarios en los 84 pacientes no fue diferente (6,1 vs. 6,2, p = ns) y su correlación de Spearman fue muy significativa (r = 0,97, p Introduction: the measurement of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has an established relevance in the assessment, management, and follow-up of inflammatory bowel disease. The most commonly used measuring instrument is the 32-item version of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ-32), which has never been adapted to Spanish. Objective: to translate IBDQ-32 into Spanish, and to establish its validity, reliability, and sensitivity both in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Method: a prospective study in two phases -translation into Spanish and subsequent validation of IBDQ-32. Translation was based on the validated Spanish version of IBDQ-36, and IBDQ-32 items not included in IBDQ-36 were translated from scratch. Once the IBDQ32 translation was completed a comprehension-specific questionnaire was administered. To establish IBDQ-32 psychometric properties a group of patients completed both the validated Spanish version of IBDQ-36 and IBDQ-32. Results: eighty-four patients (53 with Crohn's disease and 31 with ulcerative colitis) were included. Median overall scores in both questionnaires for all 84 patients did not differ (6.1 vs. 6.2, p = ns), and Spearman's correlation was highly significant (r = 0.97, p < 0.001). The ability to discriminate between patients in flare-up or remission was also equivalent for both questionnaires (6.4 vs. 6.4 with r = 0.96 in remission and 3.8 vs. 3.9 with r = 0.95 active, p < 0.001 for remission vs. activity). These results were obtained in both the analyses for CD and UC independently (6.4 vs. 6.4 and 6.7 vs. 6.6, respectively; p = ns). Conclusion: the Spanish version of IBDQ-32 is valid and discriminating for patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis

Epigenome-wide association study of diet quality in the Women's Health Initiative and TwinsUK cohort

BACKGROUND: Diet quality is a risk factor for chronic disease and mortality. Differential DNA methylation across the epigenome has been associated with chronic disease risk. Whether diet quality is associated with differential methylation is unknown. This study assessed whether diet quality was associated with differential DNA methylation measured across 445 548 loci in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and the TwinsUK cohort. DESIGN: The discovery cohort consisted of 4355 women from the WHI. The replication cohort consisted of 571 mono- and dizygotic twins from the TwinsUK cohort. DNA methylation was measured in whole blood using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010). A meta-analysis, stratified by study cohort, was performed using generalized linear models that regressed methylation on AHEI-2010, adjusting for cell composition, chip number and location, study characteristics, principal components of genetic relatedness, age, smoking status, race/ethnicity and body mass index (BMI). Statistical significance was defined as a false discovery rate < 0.05. Significant sites were tested for replication in the TwinsUK cohort, with significant replication defined by P < 0.05 and a consistent direction. RESULTS: Diet quality was significantly associated with differential DNA methylation at 428 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites in the discovery cohort. A total of 24 CpG sites were consistent with replication in the TwinsUK cohort, more than would be expected by chance (P = 2.7x10(-4)), with one site replicated in both the blood and adipose tissue (cg16379999 located in the body of SEL1L). CONCLUSIONS: Diet quality was associated with methylation at 24 CpG sites, several of which have been associated with adiposity, inflammation and dysglycaemia. These findings may provide insight into pathways through which diet influences chronic disease