A specific case in the classification of woods by FTIR and chemometric: discrimination of Fagales from Malpighiales

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic data was used to classify wood samples from nine species within the Fagales and Malpighiales using a range of multivariate statistical methods. Taxonomic classification of the family Fagaceae and Betulaceae from Angiosperm Phylogenetic System Classification (APG II System) was successfully performed using supervised pattern recognition techniques. A methodology for wood sample discrimination was developed using both sapwood and heartwood samples. Ten and eight biomarkers emerged from the dataset to discriminate order and family, respectively. In the species studied FTIR in combination with multivariate analysis highlighted significant chemical differences in hemicelluloses, cellulose and guaiacyl (lignin) and shows promise as a suitable approach for wood sample classification

Application of chemometric analysis to infrared spectroscopy for the identification of wood origin

Chemical characteristics of wood are used in this study for plant taxonomy classification based on the current Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification (APG III System) for the division, class and subclass of woody plants. Infrared spectra contain information about the molecular structure and intermolecular interactions among the components in wood but the understanding of this information requires multivariate techniques for the analysis of highly dense datasets. This article is written with the purposes of specifying the chemical differences among taxonomic groups, and predicting the taxa of unknown samples with a mathematical model. Principal component analysis, t-test, stepwise discriminant analysis and linear discriminant analysis, were some of the chosen multivariate techniques. A procedure to determine the division, class, subclass and order of unknown samples was built with promising implications for future applications of Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy in wood taxonomy classification

Water-repellent cellulose fiber networks with multifunctional properties.

We demonstrate a simple but highly efficient technique to introduce multifunctional properties to cellulose fiber networks by wetting them with ethyl-cyanoacrylate monomer solutions containing various suspended organic submicrometer particles or inorganic nanoparticles. Solutions can be applied on cellulosic surfaces by simple solution casting techniques or by dip coating, both being suitable for large area applications. Immediately after solvent evaporation, ethyl-cyanoacrylate starts cross-linking around cellulose fibers under ambient conditions because of naturally occurring surface hydroxyl groups and adsorbed moisture, encapsulating them with a hydrophobic polymer shell. Furthermore, by dispersing various functional particles in the monomer solutions, hydrophobic ethyl-cyanoacrylate nanocomposites with desired functionalities can be formed around the cellulose fibers. To exhibit the versatility of the method, cellulose sheets were functionalized with different ethyl-cyanoacrylate nanocomposite shells..

The effect of freeze-drying on the physical properties of cellulose fibres and paper : the capillary flow of liquids with entrapped air bubbles.

The recorded history of papermaking extends almost 2000 years back to the early Chinese who clubbed vegetable fibres to a pulp which they formed into a mat and dried in the sun. Although methods have vastly improved, the basic principle has not changed - the evaporation of liquid water from a mat of wet cellulose fibres. [...

Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Measurements of Poly( 4-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) in the Bulk

ABSTRACT: 13C NMR spectroscopy is used to study the local segmental dynamics in the bulk of biodegradable poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) and a random copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate that contained 18% 4-hydroxybutyrate units. The crystalline phase of the copolymer is shown by solid-state 13C NMR to be comprised of 3HB units, in accord with reporta based on X-ray diffraction. 13C relaxation measurements indicate that the local dynamics in the amorphous phase are of different time scale for the two different types of monomer units in the copolymer. Furthermore, the segmental motions of the 4-hydroxybutyrate units are found to be slower in the copolymer than in the homopolymer

Conformational analysis of (1→6) α-D-glucan

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