Photosynthetic pigment of marine algae from Mandapam coast

Thirty species of marine algae collected from different localities of Mandapam coast (Gulf of Mannar) were analyse!! for their photosynthetic pigments suct. as chlorophyll and carotenoids. The lowest value. of chlorophyll as well as carotenoids content were found in Rhodophyceae. The grouping and separation of algae based on coloration has been practiced for over 100 years (Harvey, 1841). Pigments such as chlorophyll and carotenoids play important roles in photosynthesis. Several studies have been conducted in the algal pigment by Ramus el al. (1976); Brody el al. (1959); Jones el at. (1965) and Waaland el al. (1974). As there is no detailed work in this line on India.l seaweeds, the present study.of thirty species of marine algae belonging to Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta from Mandapam coast has been carried out

An introduction to R programming

R language is the GNU arm of S language, which has taken the computational world by storm in the last decade. Starting as a compendium of statistical tools, this language has grown up into a canopy lording over a research analysis environment thereby subsuming many hitherto complicated manoeuvres onto the realms of syntactical simplicity. As this an exponentially expanding field of development with ever exploding information downpour, it would be a near impossible task to frame it onto a short simple foundational discourse. However in the subsequent sections we would try to view the potential and the extent of practicality we would unravel the hidden features of the software through a GUI envelop also apart from the regular console and syntax based one. To get its power more understandable we would visualize its forays into the field of analytics using medium scale examples from marine fisheries data

Enhanced Dwarf Mongoose Optimization Based Node Localization Scheme for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Recently, the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) with movable nodes has been launched because it has a lot of potential uses in aquatic science and is getting a lot of attention from researchers. Because there are so many more possible underwater uses, it is important to make sure that signals can get from one underwater point to another. Because of the long lags in signal transmission and the changing speed of sound underwater, it is hard and not possible to use the usual localization method in UWSN. Node localization (NL) in UWSN tries to figure out where new nodes are by using known nodes. The correctness of location can have a big effect on how well a UWSN works. UWSN has a lot of trouble with precise NL. When it comes to WSN, NL problems mean figuring out where unknown sensor nodes (SNs) are. This shows how important it is to have a perfect NL system. The Enhanced Dwarf Mongoose Optimization based Node Localization Scheme (EDMO-NLS) for UWSN is being worked on in this study. The scout group, the alpha group, and the babysitters are the three social groups of dwarf mongooses that were used in the suggested method. The family hunts as a unit, and the main female starts hunting. This sets the sleeping mounds, the road for hunting, and the distance that is covered. The EDMO-NLS method shown here finds nodes whose locations are unknown in UWSN. The modeling results showed that the proposed model worked better than existing methods. Based on the findings and the discussion, it is clear that the suggested method has shown the best localization success in UWSN

Economic valuation of net social benefit of seasonal fishing ban in selected maritime states of India

Seasonal fishing ban (SFB) is followed along the Indian coast for the past 15 to 25 years for sustaining marine fishery resources. However, the effect of the SFB on fishery resources and societies has not yet been established. In this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate the net social benefit of the SFB which will help to throw light on the impact of SFB and guide to substantiate or recommend alternate/improved management measures to sustain marine fisheries. In the present study, the economic valuation of SFB was carried out in five selected maritime states of the country. It was found that the incremental biomass ranged from 5 to 9%. The net social benefit was also positive in all the states, which ranged from `1,097 lakhs in Andhra Pradesh to `2,796 lakhs in Tamil Nadu. Based on performance of SFB in terms of net societal benefits, the states were ranked in the order, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Gujarat, Karnataka followed by Andhra Pradesh. Results of the study recommends continuation of SFB, however, it should not be considered as a stand-alone practice and should be considered only as part of a bundle of management measures for sustaining marine fisheries in India

Marine Fisheries Policy Brief-2; Seasonal Fishing Ban

Fishery resources need to be monitored and managed to maintain harvest at sustainable levels as they provide food and livelihood security to millions of population. Management of fisheries is not confined to management of stocks alone but it should consider all the stakeholders associated with the sector directly or indirectly such as fishers, traders, those involved in post-harvest operations and those who provide support services to the sector. Besides, fish stocks live in a highly variable and a complex ecosystem and are affected by human interventions and vagaries of nature, which emphasises the need for including the risk and uncertainty factors in the management strategie

ഭക്ഷ്യസുരക്ഷയുടെയും ദാരിദ്ര്യ നിർമ്മാർജ്ജനത്തിന്റെയും പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ സുസ്ഥിരമായ ചെറുകിട മത്സ്യമേഖല സുരക്ഷിതമാക്കുന്നതിനായി സ്വമേധയാ നടപ്പിലാക്കേണ്ട മാർഗ്ഗനിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾ (Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication)

ഭക്ഷ്യസുരക്ഷയുടെയും ദാരിദ്ര്യ നിർമ്മാർജ്ജനത്തിന്റെയും പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ സുസ്ഥിരമായ ചെറുകിട മത്സ്യമേഖല സുരക്ഷിതമാക്കുന്നതിനായി സ്വമേധയാ നടപ്പിലാക്കേണ്ട മാർഗ്ഗനിർദ്ദേശങ്ങൾ Technical Consultation on International Guidelines for securing sustainable small scale fisheries Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradicatio

Transaction cost of implementation of seasonal fishing ban in selected maritime states of India

Marine fisheries management is important to ensure sustainable harvest of the fishery resources. In India, the management of fisheries is governed by rules and regulations formulated under the Indian Fisheries Act, 1897. The development of marine fisheries in the territorial waters extending up to 12 nautical miles from the shore is under the jurisdiction of the maritime states who have formulated rules and regulations for management of the resources which by and large prohibit use of destructive gears, explosives and poison for fishing. Among regulatory measures formulated for management of marine fisheries in India, the seasonal fishing ban (SFB) is the one measure that is diligently followed

Outdoor culture of agar yielding red alga Gracilaria edulis (Gmelin) Silva

Agar yielding red alga Gracilaria edulis was successfully cultured in fibre glass tanks with running seawater at out door environment. The biomass of cultured seaweed showed a crop growth rate ranging between 3.9 - 8.0 g/day after different days of culture. The tanks stocked with lesser quantity of seed material showed better growth rate. Experiments were also conducted by providing the seed material with different quantities of NPK, Urea, Ammonium sulphate + Sodium phosphate and Potassium nitrate + Phosphate + EDTA at weekly intervals. Higher crop growth rates (CGR) of 4.3 g/day with 700 mg NPK and 5.2 g/day with 80 mg urea were attained respectively. The growth rate recorded was 3.6 g/day in the tanks provided with Ammonium sulphate + Sodium phosphate and 3.7 g/day in the tank provided with Potassium nitrate + Phosphate + EDTA. Data on the environmental and hydrological parameters from seaweed culture tanks were recorded

Manipulation of fatty acids in the estuarine clam Meretrix casta (Gmelin, 1791) by supplementation with the microalgal diet, Isochrysis galbana

The present study evaluated the changes in fatty acid profile of the estuarine clam Meretrix casta, an important food organism used in the larval rearing of scyllarid lobsters, after supplementation with the microalgal species Isochrysis galbana. The uptake and assimilation of lipids from the microalgal feed were verified by gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acids in the clam tissues after eight days of feeding with I. galbana. Increase in concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3) and C18:2n-6, was observed in clams supplemented with I. galbana. Changes in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) composition were less marked and related to the increasing proportions of C18:1, after supplementation. Feeding with I. galbana also induced a decrease in the proportion of saturated fatty acids, which was related to decrease in proportions of both C16:0 and C18:0. Although the fatty acid composition showed significant differences, the gross lipid content of the clam tissues did not seem to be excessively influenced by the algal feeding. Tissues from clams supplemented with I. galbana are being evaluated as feed for sand lobster larval trials