3,492 research outputs found
Resistive state of superconducting structures with fractal clusters of a normal phase
The effect of morphologic factors on magnetic flux dynamics and critical
currents in percolative superconducting structures is considered. The
superconductor contains the fractal clusters of a normal phase, which act as
pinning centers. The properties of these clusters are analyzed in the general
case of gamma-distribution of their areas. The statistical characteristics of
the normal phase clusters are studied, the critical current distribution is
derived, and the dependencies of the main statistical parameters on the fractal
dimension are found. The effect of fractal clusters of a normal phase on the
electric field induced by the motion of the magnetic flux after the vortices
have been broken away from pinning centers is considered. The voltage-current
characteristics of fractal superconducting structures in a resistive state for
an arbitrary fractal dimension are obtained. It is found that the fractality of
the boundaries of normal phase clusters intensifies magnetic flux trapping and
thereby increases the current-carrying capability of the superconductor.Comment: 15 pages with 8 figures, revtex3, alternative e-mail of author is
[email protected]
Sensitivity of depth of maximum and absorption depth of EAS to hadron production mechanism
Comparison of experimental data on depth of extensive air showers (EAS) development maximum in the atmosphere, T sub M and path of absorption, lambda, in the lower atmosphere of EAS with fixed particle number in the energy region eV with the results of calculation show that these parameters are sensitive mainly to the inelastic interaction cross section and scaling violation in the fragmentation and pionization region. The data are explained in a unified manner within the framework of a model in which scaling is violated slightly in the fragmentation region and strongly in the pionization region at primary cosmic rays composition close to the normal one and a permanent increase of inelastic interaction cross section. It is shown that, while interpreting the experimental data, disregard of two methodical points causes a systematic shift in T sub M: (1) shower selection system; and (2) EAS electron lateral distribution when performing the calculations on basis of which the transfer is made from the Cerenkov pulse FWHM to the depth of shower maximum, T sub M
Detection of Giant Radio Pulses from the Pulsar PSR B0656+14
Giant pulses (GPs) have been detected from the pulsar PSR B0656+14. A pulse
that is more intense than the average pulse by a factor of 120 is encountered
approximately once in 3000 observed periods of the pulsar. The peak flux
density of the strongest pulse, 120 Jy, is a factor of 630 higher than that of
the average pulse. The GP energy exceeds the energy of the average pulse by up
to a factor of 110, which is comparable to that for other known pulsars with
GPs, including the Crab pulsar and the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937+21. The
giant pulses are a factor of 6 narrower than the average pulse and are
clustered at the head of the average pulse. PSR B0656+14 along with PSR
B0031-07, PSR B1112+50, and PSR J1752+2359 belong to a group of pulsars that
differ from previously known ones in which GPs have been detected without any
extremely strong magnetic field on the light cylinder.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; originally published in Russian in
Pis'ma Astron. Zh., 2006, v.32, 650; translated by George Rudnitskii; the
English version will be appear in Astronomy Letter
Fabrication of the Ni[3]Al-based alloy formed by spark plasma sintering of VKNA powders
The material based on Ni[3]Al intermetallic has been obtained from the industrial powder of a VKNA type by the method of spark plasma sintering. Materials sintering was conducted at the temperature of 1100 °С, compacting pressure of 20 MPa, and during soaking time equal to 5 minutes. The heating rate of samples amounted to 50 and 200 °С/min. It has been established that the material obtained by sintering at the rate of 50 °С/min possesses a maximum value of density (5.93 g/cm{3}) and a maximum level of bending strength (~ 400 MPa)
Dynamics of the magnetic flux trapped in fractal clusters of normal phase in a superconductor
The influence of geometry and morphology of superconducting structure on
critical currents and magnetic flux trapping in percolative type-II
superconductor is considered. The superconductor contains the clusters of a
normal phase, which act as pinning centers. It is found that such clusters have
significant fractal properties. The main features of these clusters are studied
in detail: the cluster statistics is analyzed; the fractal dimension of their
boundary is estimated; the distribution of critical currents is obtained, and
its peculiarities are explored. It is examined thoroughly how the finite
resolution capacity of the cluster geometrical size measurement affects the
estimated value of fractal dimension. The effect of fractal properties of the
normal phase clusters on the electric field arising from magnetic flux motion
is investigated in the case of an exponential distribution of cluster areas.
The voltage-current characteristics of superconductors in the resistive state
for an arbitrary fractal dimension are obtained. It is revealed that the
fractality of the boundaries of the normal phase clusters intensifies the
magnetic flux trapping and thereby raises the critical current of a
superconductor.Comment: revtex, 16 pages with 1 table and 5 figures; text and figures are
improved; more detailed version with geometric probability analisys of the
distribution of entry points into weak links over the perimeter of a normal
phase clusters and one additional figure is published in Phys.Rev.B;
alternative e-mail of author is [email protected]
Fabrication of the Ni[3]Al-based alloy formed by spark plasma sintering of VKNA powders
The material based on Ni[3]Al intermetallic has been obtained from the industrial powder of a VKNA type by the method of spark plasma sintering. Materials sintering was conducted at the temperature of 1100 °С, compacting pressure of 20 MPa, and during soaking time equal to 5 minutes. The heating rate of samples amounted to 50 and 200 °С/min. It has been established that the material obtained by sintering at the rate of 50 °С/min possesses a maximum value of density (5.93 g/cm{3}) and a maximum level of bending strength (~ 400 MPa)
THE INFLUENCE OF NB CONTENT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TI–NB ALLOYS FOR BIOMEDICINE
В работе были систематически исследованы двухкомпонентные сплавы системы Ti–Nb. Количество Nb, используемого в качестве легирующего элемента, варьировалось от 0 до 37 вес. %. Все сплавы были сформированы методом дугового переплава в инертной атмосфере аргона. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что при содержании легирующего элемента более 37 вес. % в сплавах формируется β-фаза. Максимальная твердость (393 ± 10 HV0.05) была достигнута в сплаве, содержащем 24 вес. % Nb после отжига.The effect of Nb content on microstructure and mechanical properties of binary Ti–Nb alloys has been studied. The alloying content of Nb varied from 10 wt % to 37 wt %. All alloys were produced by arc melting in inert argon atmosphere followed by annealing and quenching. The results indicate that a stable β-phase was formed above an alloying content of 37 wt %
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