Osteoporosis-related life habits and knowledge about osteoporosis among women in El Salvador: A cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder, characterized by reduced bone mass, deterioration of bone structure, increased bone fragility, and increased fracture risk. It is more frequent to find among women than men at a 4:1 ratio. Evidence suggests that to adopt changes on some life habits can prevent or delay development of osteoporosis. Several osteoporosis-risk factors have been confirmed in the US and western Europe, but in El Salvador there are neither reliable epidemiological statistics about this skeletal disorder nor studies addressing osteoporosis-risk factors in women. The aim of this study was to determinate the extent of osteoporosis knowledge, the levels of both daily calcium intake and weight-bearing physical activity, and the influence of several osteoporosis-risk factors on these variables in three age groups of Salvadorean women. METHODS: In this exploratory cross-sectional study, an osteoporosis knowledge assessment questionnaire incluiding a food frequency and a physical activity record section were used to collect data and it was delivered through a face-to-face interview. A convenience sample (n = 197) comprised of three groups of women aged 25–35 years, 36–49 years, and over 49 years was taken. Among-group comparisons of means were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. To determinate the overall influence of osteoporosis-risk factors, the multivariate analysis was used. RESULTS: Study results indicated that better educated women had more knowledge about osteoporosis than women with a low education level, regardless of age, even though this knowledge was rather fair. Older women got more weight-bearing physical activity at home and less at place of employment than reported by the younger women; however, neither group performed sufficient high-intensity WBPA to improve bone mass. Regardless of age, the most women consumed 60% or less than the Dietary Reference Intake of calcium and depend on household income, lactose intolerance and coffee rather than milk consumption. CONCLUSION: In summary, the majority of women in this study have modest knowledge on osteoporosis. The knowledge base is not linked to preventive health habits, including sufficient calcium intake and performance of weight-bearing physical activities. They are thus at increased risk for low bone mass

Validation and seasonal variation on mean levels and occurrences of AFM1 in El Salvador and Nicaragua-made white hard cheeses

This dataset consists of four files of type SPSS Statistics data document. The first, provides the results of a five-day trial for validation of ELISA analytical method for quantifying AFM1 in hard cheese. Two other files present the seasonal variation of average levels of AFM1 measured in Salvadorian and Nicaraguan-made cheeses. The fourth archive, presents the data organized to run a contingency table with the aim of demonstrating the association between the prevalence of AFM1 contamination cases in hard cheese and the seasons of the year of monitoring

A year-round sampling dataset of FA contents in Salvadoran fresh cheese

The dataset presents the results of the validation of the method by intensity fluorimetry to quantify formaldehyde contents in samples of fresh white cheese.Additionally, the results of the analysis of 412 cheese samples over a period of 12 months are shown. Of the total samples, 32.9% (n=135) have quantified levels of formaldehyde and distributed in four seasons: late dry, transitional dry to rainy, rainy, transitional rainy to dry and early dry.The highest percentages of formaldehyde-positive samples are concentrated in the seasons with the highest temperature values of the year: late dry (60.9%, 27.5 °C) and dry to rainy transitional season (79.7%, 28.3 °C) and tend to decrease in rainy (25.4%, 26.9 °C) and in rainy to dry transition (1.5%, 26.7 °C), characterized by having the lowest temperature records.The association between these variables and quantified levels of aldehyde in raw milk sampled at the plant would indicate that FA was used to prevent milk and/or the final product from decomposing due to the effect of high ambient temperature. In addition, residual FA contents decreased in both milk and cheese, depending on added preservative levels, and the time elapsed until analysis.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Validation and seasonal variation of mean levels and prevalence of AFM1 in white hard cheeses made in El Salvador and Nicaragua

This dataset consists of four files of type SPSS Statistics data document. The first, provides the results of a five-day trial for validation of ELISA analytical method for quantifying AFM1 in hard cheese. Two other files present the seasonal variation of average levels of AFM1 measured in Salvadorian and Nicaraguan-made cheeses. The fourth archive, presents the data organized to run a contingency table with the aim of demonstrating the association between the prevalence of AFM1 contamination cases in hard cheese and the seasons of the year of monitoring

Occurrence, levels, and validation of AFM1 and AFs in El Salvador

Analytical data was gathered from a two-year survey, searching for occurrence and quantified AFM1 levels in raw cow milk in El Salvador. Research was conducted during 2016 and 2017 by The Food Safety Laboratory of Universidad Doctor Andres Bello. Milk samples were obtained between 107 (2016) and 108 (2017) from dairy farms located in four milk-producing regions within El Salvador. Shared data includes: AFM1 levels per year and location, contingency table of AFM1 cases associated to drought intensity, matching AFM1-AFs levels per year, validation of both AFM1 and AFs measurement by ELISA procedure

A year-round sampling dataset of FA contents in fresh cheese

The dataset presents the results of the validation of the method by intensity fluorimetry to quantify formaldehyde contents in samples of fresh white cheese.Additionally, the results of the analysis of 412 cheese samples over a period of 12 months are shown. Of the total samples, 32.9% (n=135) have quantified levels of formaldehyde and distributed in four seasons: late dry, transitional dry to rainy, rainy, transitional rainy to dry and early dry.The highest percentages of formaldehyde-positive samples are concentrated in the seasons with the highest temperature values of the year: late dry (60.9%, 27.5 °C) and dry to rainy transitional season (79.7%, 28.3 °C) and tend to decrease in rainy (25.4%, 26.9 °C) and in rainy to dry transition (1.5%, 26.7 °C), characterized by having the lowest temperature records.The association between the prevalence of formaldehyde-positive samples and temperature was shown to be statistically significant, providing evidence that would indicate the use of formaldehyde to prevent the deterioration of milk and/or dairy product on the shelf due to elevated temperature values.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Occurrence, levels, and validation of AFM1 and AFs in El Salvador

Analytical data was gathered from a two-year survey, searching for occurrence and quantified AFM1 levels in raw cow milk in El Salvador. Research was conducted during 2016 and 2017 by The Food Safety Laboratory of Universidad Doctor Andres Bello. Milk samples were obtained between 107 (2016) and 108 (2017) from dairy farms located in four milk-producing regions within El Salvador. Shared data includes: AFM1 levels per year and location, contingency table of AFM1 cases associated to drought intensity, matching AFM1-AFs levels per year, validation of both AFM1 and AFs measurement by ELISA procedure

Validation and seasonal variation on mean levels and occurrences of AFM1 in El Salvador and Nicaragua-made white hard cheeses

This dataset consists of four files of type SPSS Statistics data document. The first, provides the results of a five-day trial for validation of ELISA analytical method for quantifying AFM1 in hard cheese. Two other files present the seasonal variation of average levels of AFM1 measured in Salvadorian and Nicaraguan-made cheeses. The fourth archive, presents the data organized to run a contingency table with the aim of demonstrating the association between the prevalence of AFM1 contamination cases in hard cheese and the seasons of the year of monitoring

Novel communication scheme based on chaotic Rössler circuits

We present a novel synchronization scheme for secure communication with two chaotic unidirectionally coupled Rössler circuits. The circuits are synchronized via one of the variables, while a signal is transmitted through another variable. We show that this scheme allows more stable communications. The system dynamics is studied numerically and experimentally in a wide range of a control parameter. The possibility of secure communications with an audio signal is demonstrated. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd