5,420 research outputs found
SETI low-frequency feed design study for DSS 24
The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Sky Survey project requires operation from 1 to 10 GHz on the beam waveguide (BWG) antenna DSS 24. The BWG reflectors are undersized in the 1- to 3.02-GHz range, resulting in poor performance. Horn designs and a method for implementing 1- to 3.02-GHz operation on DSS 24 are presented. A combination of a horn and a shaped feed reflector placed above the main reflector is suggested. The horn and feed reflector could be hidden in the RF shadow of the subreflector and struts. Results from computer analysis of this design indicate that adequate performance could be achieved
Optical guidance vidicon test program
A laboratory and field test program was conducted to quantify the optical navigation parameters of the Mariner vidicons. A scene simulator and a camera were designed and built for vidicon tests under a wide variety of conditions. Laboratory tests characterized error sources important to the optical navigation process and field tests verified star sensitivity and characterized comet optical guidance parameters. The equipment, tests and data reduction techniques used are described. Key test results are listed. A substantial increase in the understanding of the use of selenium vidicons as detectors for spacecraft optical guidance was achieved, indicating a reduction in residual offset errors by a factor of two to four to the single pixel level
Distributed situation awareness in dynamic systems: Theoretical development and application of an ergonomics methodology
The purpose of this paper is to propose foundations for a theory of situation awareness based on the analysis of interactions between agents (i.e., both human and non-human) in subsystems. This approach may help promote a better understanding of technology-mediated interaction in systems, as well as helping in the formulation of hypotheses and predictions concerning distributed situation awareness. It is proposed that agents within a system each hold their own situation awareness which may be very different from (although compatible with) other agents. It is argued that we should not always hope for, or indeed want, sharing of this awareness, as different system agents have different purposes. This view marks situation awareness as a
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dynamic and collaborative process that binds agents together on tasks on a moment-by-moment basis. Implications of this viewpoint for development of a new theory of, and accompanying methodology for, distributed situation awareness are offered
Development of a generic activities model of command and control
This paper reports on five different models of command and control. Four different models are reviewed: a process model, a contextual control model, a decision ladder model and a functional model. Further to this, command and control activities are analysed in three distinct domains: armed forces, emergency services and civilian services. From this analysis, taxonomies of command and control activities are developed that give rise to an activities model of command and control. This model will be used to guide further research into technological support of command and control activities
HRMS sky survey wideband feed system design for DSS 24 beam waveguide antenna
The High-Resolution Microwave Survey (HRMS) Sky Survey project will be implemented on the DSS 24 beam waveguide (BWG) antenna over the frequency range of 2.86 to 10 GHz. Two wideband, ring-loaded, corrugated feed horns were designed to cover this range. The horns match the frequency-dependent gain requirements for the DSS 24 BWG system. The performance of the feed horns and the calculated system performance of DSS 24 are presented
A pinch of salt: response of coastal grassland plants to simulated seawater inundation treatments
Excitonic effects on coherent phonon dynamics in single wall carbon nanotubes
We discuss how excitons can affect the generation of coherent radial
breathing modes in ultrafast spectroscopy of single wall carbon nanotubes.
Photoexcited excitons can be localized spatially and give rise to a spatially
distributed driving force in real space which involves many phonon wavevectors
of the exciton-phonon interaction. The equation of motion for the coherent
phonons is modeled phenomenologically by the Klein-Gordon equation, which we
solve for the oscillation amplitudes as a function of space and time. By
averaging the calculated amplitudes per nanotube length, we obtain
time-dependent coherent phonon amplitudes that resemble the homogeneous
oscillations that are observed in some pump-probe experiments. We interpret
this result to mean that the experiments are only able to see a spatial average
of coherent phonon oscillations over the wavelength of light in carbon
nanotubes and the microscopic details are averaged out. Our interpretation is
justified by calculating the time-dependent absorption spectra resulting from
the macroscopic atomic displacements induced by the coherent phonon
oscillations. The calculated coherent phonon spectra including excitonic
effects show the experimentally observed symmetric peaks at the nanotube
transition energies in contrast to the asymmetric peaks that would be obtained
if excitonic effects were not included.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev. B on 7 May 2013, revised on 17 July and 13
August 2013, published 30 August 201
Polarization dependence of coherent phonon generation and detection in highly-aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes
We have investigated the polarization dependence of the generation and
detection of radial breathing mode (RBM) coherent phonons (CP) in
highly-aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes. Using polarization-dependent
pump-probe differential-transmission spectroscopy, we measured RBM CPs as a
function of angle for two different geometries. In Type I geometry, the pump
and probe polarizations were fixed, and the sample orientation was rotated,
whereas, in Type II geometry, the probe polarization and sample orientation
were fixed, and the pump polarization was rotated. In both geometries, we
observed a very nearly complete quenching of the RBM CPs when the pump
polarization was perpendicular to the nanotubes. For both Type I and II
geometries, we have developed a microscopic theoretical model to simulate CP
generation and detection as a function of polarization angle and found that the
CP signal decreases as the angle goes from 0 degrees (parallel to the tube) to
90 degrees (perpendicular to the tube). We compare theory with experiment in
detail for RBM CPs created by pumping at the E44 optical transition in an
ensemble of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter distribution
centered around 3 nm, taking into account realistic band structure and
imperfect nanotube alignment in the sample
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