1,008 research outputs found
Object attachment and emotions in hoarding disorder
Background and aims Object attachment is a core feature of hoarding disorder (HD), but it also occurs in people without HD. It is therefore critical to clarify differences between normal and abnormal object attachment. Although previous studies show that HD is associated with high emotional reactivity, no study to date has examined the nature and intensity of discrete emotions in people with and without HD in relation to object attachment. Method Individuals with HD (n = 93) and matched controls (n = 93) were recruited via MTurk. They identified and described a possession of low monetary value that they were emotionally attached to and found difficult to discard. Participants rated their object attachment and the intensity of emotions when imagining being with the object (Scenario A) and irretrievably losing the same object (Scenario B). Results Unexpectedly, there were no significant between-group differences on object attachment; however, the HD group experienced more incongruent emotions about their possessions; they reported significantly higher disgust, anxiety and anger than controls when they imagined being with their chosen object (Scenario A) and were more relaxed compared to controls when the object was lost (Scenario B). There were no significant differences between groups on congruent emotions (i.e., positive emotions in Scenario A or negative emotions in Scenario B). Conclusion People with and without HD experience similar emotional attachment for sentimental items but people with HD experience more mixed emotions, consistent with an insecure object attachment
NMR studies identify four intermediate states of ATPase and the ion transport cycle of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase
AbstractWater proton nuclear relaxation measurements are used to detect and characterize four distinct intermediate states for Gd3+ bound to Ca2+ sites of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase in complexes with ATP analogues. In the absence of nucleotides, Gd3+ binds to two occluded Ca2+ transport sites on Ca2+-ATPase which have a low accessibility to solvent water. In the presence of the nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue, Co(NH3)4AMPPCP, a new state for bound Gd3+ (still occluded and with fewer waters of hydration) is observed. In the presence of Co(NH3)4ATP or ATP, two additional states for bound Gd3+ are detected in the NMR studies. The first of these probably represents an intermediate state for bound Gd3+ during ATP hydrolysis. The latter is the most occluded Gd3+ site yet observed in these studies and is probably analogous to the highly occluded E1-P state observed with CrATP [(1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 898, 313–322]
Dipolar and scalar He and Xe frequency shifts in mm-sized cells
We describe a He-Xe comagnetometer operating in stemless
anodically bonded cells with a 6 mm volume and a Xe spin coherence
time of 300 sec. We use a Rb pulse-train magnetometer with co-linear
pump and probe beams to study the nuclear spin frequency shifts caused by spin
polarization of He. By systematically varying the cell geometry in a
batch cell fabrication process we can separately measure the cell shape
dependent and independent frequency shifts. We find that a certain aspect ratio
of the cylindrical cell can cancel the effects of He magnetization that
limit the stability of vapor-cell comagnetometers. Using this control we also
observe for the first time a scalar He-Xe collisional frequency
shift characterized by an enhancement factor .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Isolation and primary cultures of human intrahepatic bile ductular epithelium
A technique for the isolation of human intrahepatic bile ductular epithelium, and the establishment of primary cultures using a serum- and growth-factor-supplemented medium combined with a connective tissue substrata is described. Initial cell isolates and monolayer cultures display phenotypic characteristics of biliary epithelial cells (low molecular weight prekeratin positive; albumin, alphafetoprotein, and Factor VIII-related antigen negative). Ultrastructural features of the cultured cells show cell polarization with surface microvilli, numerous interepithelial junctional complexes and cytoplasmic intermediate prekeratin filaments. © 1988 Tissue Culture Association, Inc
Оборудование для испытания листовых конструкционных материалов при двухосном растяжении. Сообщение 1. Испытания односторонним давлением рабочей среды
Рассмотрены конструктивные особенности оборудования для исследования прочности и
закономерностей разрушения листовых конструкционных материалов при двухосном растяжении
путем нагружения образцов односторонним давлением рабочей среды.
Предложены решения ряда проблем методического характера, связанных с испытаниями
при высоких уровнях давления рабочей среды, что позволяет обеспечить необходимые
режимы охлаждения образцов, снизить уровень энергии разрушения, повысить надежность
и безопасность испытаний.Розглянуто конструктивні особливості устаткування для дослідження міцності
і закономірностей руйнування листових конструкційних матеріалів
при двовісному розтязі зразків одностороннім тиском робочого середовища.
Запропоновано рішення ряду проблем методичного характеру, що пов’язані
з випробуваннями при високих рівнях тиску робочого середовища. Це
дозволить забезпечити необхідні режими охолодження зразків, знизити рівень
енергії руйнування, підвищити надійность та безпеку випробувань.Design features of the equipment for studying
strength and regularities of fracture of sheet
structural materials in biaxial tension by subjecting
specimens to one-sided pressure of a working
medium are considered.
Solutions were suggested for a number of
methodological problems related to testing at
high levels of pressure of a working medium.
These solutions make it possible to provide necessary
conditions of cooling of specimens,
lower the level of fracture energy, and improve
reliability and safety of the tests
Interpersonal functioning in hoarding : an investigation of the link between hoarding symptoms and social support, social anhedonia, and social rewards
Background: One of the key areas of functional impairment in hoarding is interpersonal difficulties, with burgeoning evidence suggesting that these social difficulties are a component of the psychopathology observed in hoarding. The specific nature of these interpersonal difficulties, however, has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the contribution of social support and motivation to socialise, specifically social anhedonia and rewards from social stimuli, to hoarding symptom severity. Method: A total of 278 participants recruited via the crowd-sourcing website MTurk completed questionnaires assessing hoarding symptoms, social support, social anhedonia, and response to social rewards. Results: Results for social reward processing indicated that hoarding symptoms were associated with finding both negative and positive behaviours towards others more rewarding. Social anhedonia also positively predicted hoarding symptoms. Furthermore, social integration, a component of social support, was inversely associated with hoarding symptoms. These associations remained significant when controlling for depressive symptoms. These results suggest that hoarding may be linked to decreased social support and reduced social motivation, particularly, dysregulated reward processing of social stimuli, and greater social anhedonia. Limitations: Limitations of the current study include utilising an unselected sample, use of self-report measures, and analyses being correlational in nature. Future research utilising longitudinal or experimental research methods in a clinical population may further delineate the clinical conceptualisation of social difficulties in hoarding disorder. Conclusions: Current findings may inform interpersonal conceptualisations for hoarding disorder and suggest additional treatment avenues
Імпакт-фактори наукових журналів та індекси цитування вчених: проблеми точності, моралі, етики та можливості використання
Показано всебічно позитиви та негативи оцінки наукової діяльності за допомогою імпакт-факторів наукових журналів та індексів цитування вчених. Дано огляд дискусій західних вчених щодо цього.Показаны всесторонне позитивы и негативы оценки научной деятельности с помощью импакт-факторов научных журналов и индексов цитирования ученых. Дан обзор дискуссий западных ученых относительно этого.The author examines positive and negative implications of the R&D performance evaluation by use of impact-factors of scientific journals and citation indices of scientists, and reviews the debate among Western scientists about it
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Perspective on the Role of Negative Ions and Ion-Ion Plasmas in Heavy Ion Fusion Science, Magnetic Fusion Energy, and Related Fields
Some years ago it was suggested that halogen negative ions [1]could offer a feasible alternative path to positive ions as a heavy ion fusion driver beam which would not suffer degradation due to electron accumulation in the accelerator and beam transport system, and which could be converted to a neutral beam by photodetachment near the chamber entrance if desired. Since then, experiments have demonstrated that negative halogen beams can be extracted and accelerated away from the gas plume near the source with a surviving current density close to what could be achieved with a positive ion of similar mass, and with comparable optical quality. In demonstrating the feasibility of halogen negative ions as heavy ion driver beams, ion - ion plasmas, an interesting and somewhat novel state of matter, were produced. These plasmas, produced near the extractor plane of the sources, appear, based upon many lines of experimental evidence, to consist of almost equal densities of positive and negative chlorine ions, with only a small component of free electrons. Serendipitously, the need to extract beams from this plasma for driver development provides a unique diagnostic tool to investigate the plasma, since each component - positive ions, negative ions, and electrons -- can be extracted and measured separately. We discuss the relevance of these observations to understanding negative ion beam extraction from electronegative plasmas such as halogens, or the more familiar hydrogen of magnetic fusion ion sources. We suggest a concept which might improve negative hydrogen extraction by the addition of a halogen. The possibility and challenges of producing ion-ion plasmas with thin targets of halogens or, perhaps, salt, is briefly addressed
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