Apollo 11 Reloaded: Optimization-based Trajectory Reconstruction

This paper wants to be a tribute to the Apollo 11 mission, that celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2019. By using modern methods based on numerical optimization we reconstruct critical phases of the original mission, and more specifically the ascent of the Saturn V, the translunar injection maneuver that allowed the crew to leave the Earth’s sphere of influence, and the Moon landing sequence, starting from the powered descent initiation. Results were computed by employing pseudospectral methods, and show good agreement with the original post-flight reports released by NASA after the successful completion of the mission

Essential Nutrients for Bone Health and a Review of their Availability in the Average North American Diet

Osteoporosis and low bone mineral density affect millions of Americans. The majority of adults in North America have insufficient intake of vitamin D and calcium along with inadequate exercise. Physicians are aware that vitamin D, calcium and exercise are essential for maintenance of bone health. Physicians are less likely to be aware that dietary insufficiencies of magnesium, silicon, Vitamin K, and boron are also widely prevalent, and each of these essential nutrients is an important contributor to bone health. In addition, specific nutritional factors may improve calcium metabolism and bone formation. It is the authors’ opinion that nutritional supplements should attempt to provide ample, but not excessive, amounts of factors that are frequently insufficient in the typical American diet

To Reach the High Frontier: A History of U.S. Launch Vehicles

Access—no single word better describes the primary concern of the exploration and development of space. Every participant in space activities—civil, military, scientific, or commercial—needs affordable, reliable, frequent, and flexible access to space. To Reach the High Frontier details the histories of the various space access vehicles developed in the United States since the birth of the space age in 1957. Each case study has been written by a specialist knowledgeable about the vehicle described and places each system in the larger context of the history of spaceflight. The technical challenge of reaching space with chemical rockets, the high costs associated with space launch, the long lead times necessary for scheduling flights, and the poor reliability of the rockets themselves show launch vehicles to be the space program’s most difficult challenge. An excellent book for those wanting to understand the development and importance of U.S. launch vehicles. -- Air Power History The breadth and depth of the essays provide a very detailed view of U.S. launch vehicle programs and how they got to where they are today. . . . A must-have addition to any space flight professional’s or enthusiast’s library. -- Astropolitics The people, contractors, and government organizations that improved launch systems, and the means they developed to put payloads into orbit. . . . Highly recommended. -- Choice Brings together analysis of numerous important issues in the history of space access. -- Journal of Military History A must-read for anyone interested in space history. -- Liftoff This valuable contribution to the field of aero-space literature is a comprehensive discussion of the political and social influences on the development of launch vehicles. -- McCormick (SC) Messenger A valuable contribution to the field of aerospace literature. A comprehensive discussion of the political and social influences on the development of launch vehicles. -- Michael L. Ciancone Details the history of U.S. rockets and propellants from World War II to modern space flight when there were amazing advances in fuels, engines, targeting, materials, and rocket bodies. -- Military Review Brings together the leading names in space and aeronautics to study major launch vehicles of the twentieth century. -- Science Book Board If this book can contribute to make access the top priority again then its specialist case studies will have formed a bridge from the past to a new future in space. -- Spaceflight Until now, no single book has addresses the parallel and intersecting histories of American launch vehicles. . . . Includes a chapter on every American launch vehicle used to access space since 1957: Atlas, Delta, Titan, Minuteman, Saturn V, Centaur, and the shuttle. -- Technology and Culturehttps://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_aerospace_engineering/1000/thumbnail.jp