A Simple Approach for Optimal Generation Scheduling to Maximize GENCOs Profit Using PPD Table and ABC Algorithm Under Deregulated Environment

In this paper an attempt has been made to solve the profit based unit commitment problem (PBUC) using pre-prepared power demand (PPD) table with an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The PPD-ABC algorithm appears to be a robust and reliable optimization algorithm for the solution of PBUC problem. The profit based unit commitment problem is considered as a stochastic optimization problem in which the objective is to maximize their own profit and the decisions are needed to satisfy the standard operating constraints. The PBUC problem is solved by the proposed methodology in two stages. In the first step, the unit commitment scheduling is performed by considering the pre-prepared power demand (PPD) table and then the problem of fuel cost and revenue function is solved using ABC Algorithm. The PPD table suggests the operator to decide the units to be put into generation there by reducing the complexity of the problem. The proposed approach is demonstrated on 10 units 24 hour and 50 units 24 hour test systems and numerical results are tabulated. Simulation result shows that this approach effectively maximizes the GENCO’s profit than those obtained by other optimizing methods

Glucose-induced down regulation of thiamine transporters in the kidney proximal tubular epithelium produces thiamine insufficiency in diabetes

Increased renal clearance of thiamine (vitamin B1) occurs in experimental and clinical diabetes producing thiamine insufficiency mediated by impaired tubular re-uptake and linked to the development of diabetic nephropathy. We studied the mechanism of impaired renal re-uptake of thiamine in diabetes. Expression of thiamine transporter proteins THTR-1 and THTR-2 in normal human kidney sections examined by immunohistochemistry showed intense polarised staining of the apical, luminal membranes in proximal tubules for THTR-1 and THTR-2 of the cortex and uniform, diffuse staining throughout cells of the collecting duct for THTR-1 and THTR-2 of the medulla. Human primary proximal tubule epithelial cells were incubated with low and high glucose concentration, 5 and 26 mmol/l, respectively. In high glucose concentration there was decreased expression of THTR-1 and THTR-2 (transporter mRNA: −76% and −53% respectively, p<0.001; transporter protein −77% and −83% respectively, p<0.05), concomitant with decreased expression of transcription factor specificity protein-1. High glucose concentration also produced a 37% decrease in apical to basolateral transport of thiamine transport across cell monolayers. Intensification of glycemic control corrected increased fractional excretion of thiamine in experimental diabetes. We conclude that glucose-induced decreased expression of thiamine transporters in the tubular epithelium may mediate renal mishandling of thiamine in diabetes. This is a novel mechanism of thiamine insufficiency linked to diabetic nephropathy

A Bibliometric Analysis of Variable Displacement Pump for Optimal Control of Operating Parameters

A centralized lubrication system or automatic lubrication system (ALS) is a system that delivers controlled amounts of lubricant to multiple locations on a machine while the machine is operating as per machine requirement. Lubrication occurs while the machinery is in operation, causing the lubricant to be equally distributed within the bearing and increasing the machine’s availability. Proper lubrication of critical components ensures the safe operation of the machinery. Less wear on the elements results in extension of component life, lower breakdowns, reduced downtime, reduced replacement costs, and reduced maintenance costs. If we can measure lubrication amounts, we can control the wasted lubricant supplied in excess to machine components, resulting in lowering energy consumption. The advantages of this new technology are transparent, although the heart of the automated lubrication system is the variable displacement pump. It is observed that a total of 1554 articles are published in different forms by past researchers. Following the trend of publications in the concerned area, the last seven years are the point of significant contribution, and in the year 2020, a maximum of 109 articles are published worldwide. The detailed survey revealed that a maximum of journal articles is published compared to the other relevant sources. China is the leading country in the concerned research area publications, followed by the United States and Italy

Enhanced Dwarf Mongoose Optimization Based Node Localization Scheme for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Recently, the Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) with movable nodes has been launched because it has a lot of potential uses in aquatic science and is getting a lot of attention from researchers. Because there are so many more possible underwater uses, it is important to make sure that signals can get from one underwater point to another. Because of the long lags in signal transmission and the changing speed of sound underwater, it is hard and not possible to use the usual localization method in UWSN. Node localization (NL) in UWSN tries to figure out where new nodes are by using known nodes. The correctness of location can have a big effect on how well a UWSN works. UWSN has a lot of trouble with precise NL. When it comes to WSN, NL problems mean figuring out where unknown sensor nodes (SNs) are. This shows how important it is to have a perfect NL system. The Enhanced Dwarf Mongoose Optimization based Node Localization Scheme (EDMO-NLS) for UWSN is being worked on in this study. The scout group, the alpha group, and the babysitters are the three social groups of dwarf mongooses that were used in the suggested method. The family hunts as a unit, and the main female starts hunting. This sets the sleeping mounds, the road for hunting, and the distance that is covered. The EDMO-NLS method shown here finds nodes whose locations are unknown in UWSN. The modeling results showed that the proposed model worked better than existing methods. Based on the findings and the discussion, it is clear that the suggested method has shown the best localization success in UWSN

Formation of by high power ultrasound aggregated emulsions stabilised with milk protein concentrate (MPC70)

In this work, oil-in-water emulsions stabilised by milk protein concentrate (MPC70) were investigated. The MPC70 concentration was kept constant at 5% (close to the protein content found in skim milk) and the oil volume fraction was varied from 20 to 65%. Sonication was performed at 20 kHz and at a constant power of 14.4 W for a total emulsion volume of 10 mL. Under certain oil concentration (≥35%) and sonication times (≥3s) the emulsion aggregated and formed high-viscosity pseudo plastic materials. However, the viscosity behaviour of the emulsion made with 35% oil reverted to that of a liquid if sonicated for longer times (≥15 s). Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed clearly that the oil droplets are aggregated under the sonication conditions and oil concentrations indicated above. An attempt to explain this behaviour through a simple model based on the bridging of oil droplets by the MPC70 particles and, taking into account the oil droplet and MPC70 particle sizes as well as the oil volume fraction, was made. The model fails to describe in details the aggregation behaviour of these emulsions, likely due to the inhomogeneous protein layer, where both free caseins and casein micelles are adsorbed, and to the packing of the oil droplets at concentrations ≤55%. Nonetheless, this work demonstrates the potential of ultrasound processing for the formation of dairy emulsions with tailored textures.fals

Harnessing vibrational resonance to identify and enhance input signals

We report the occurrence of vibrational resonance (VR) and the underlying mechanism in a simple piecewise linear electronic circuit, namely the Murali-Lakshmanan-Chua (MLC) circuit, driven by an additional biharmonic signal with widely different frequency. When the amplitude of the high-frequency force is tuned, the resultant vibrational resonance is used to detect the low-frequency signal and also to enhance it into a high-frequency signal. Further, we also show that even when the low-frequency signal is changed from sine wave to square and sawtooth waves, vibrational resonance can be used to detect and enhance them into high-frequency signals. These behaviors, confirmed by experimental results, are illustrated with appropriate analytical and numerical solutions of the corresponding circuit equations describing the system. Finally, we also verify the signal detection in the above circuit even with the addition of noise.Comment: Accepted for Publication in Chao

Polymer-mediated delivery of agrochemicals

A major challenge in modern agriculture is the inefficient delivery and utilization of agrochemicals, which often leads to their overuse, causing environmental pollution and harming beneficial organisms such as earthworms and bees. This challenge can potentially be addressed by using advanced and efficient methods such as polymer-mediated delivery systems. Polymers offer the potential to enhance the efficiency of agrochemicals used in agriculture. Incorporating polymers into agrochemical delivery systems can overcome the limitations associated with conventional methods. This article aims to analyse the potential role of polymers in agrochemical delivery system. Polymer can enable the precise delivery of active ingredients, nutrients, pesticides and herbicides into plants, making the process more resilient to agrochemical loss associated with conventional delivery methods. Enhancing our understanding of polymers and their properties may improve the efficiency and efficacy of agrochemicals by influencing their interaction with plants, carrier capabilities and release mechanisms

Nanofertilizers in vegetable crops: Harnessing nanotechnology for improved crop nutrition and environmental sustainability

Nanofertilizers represent a groundbreaking advancement in agricultural technology, offering a sustainable solution to enhance crop nutrition and address the challenges of global food security. Traditional fertilizers, while essential for crop production, often result in significant nutrient losses, environmental pollution and soil degradation due to low nutrient use efficiency (NUE). In contrast, nanofertilizers, engineered at the nanoscale, provide precise and controlled nutrient delivery, minimizing losses and maximizing plant uptake. These innovative fertilizers improve NUE, enhance crop yields and reduce environmental impacts such as nutrient leaching and water pollution. By leveraging nanotechnology, nanofertilizers facilitate better nutrient absorption, improved root development and enhanced stress tolerance in plants, leading to higher-quality produce and extended shelf life, particularly in fresh-cut vegetables. This review explores the transformative potential of nanofertilizers in sustainable agriculture, highlighting their mechanisms of action, benefits and applications across various crops. Despite their promise, challenges such as regulatory concerns, production costs and potential ecological risks must be addressed to ensure their safe and widespread adoption. As the global population continues to grow, nanofertilizers stand at the forefront of agricultural innovation, offering a pathway to sustainable crop production and food security. Future research should focus on optimizing nanofertilizer formulations, assessing long-term environmental impacts and developing cost-effective production strategies to facilitate their large-scale adoption