Stochastic tsunami scenarios for Central Chile

Data set which contains the stochastic tsunami scenarios from the article "An improvement of tsunami hazard analysis in Central Chile based on stochastic rupture scenarios" The tsunami scenarios were configured to be run with NEOWAVE tsunami model. Each scenario consists of 376 subfaults of 20x20 km. The coordinates and depth correspond to the south west corner of each subfault

The patient’s perspective of gout

This chapter reviews the current literature on patient’s perceptions in reference to gout etiology and management. Lack of knowledge about disease stages, related comorbidities, specific treatment for each state of gout, common side effects of medications and long-term consequences of inadequate care has been demonstrated among patients with gout. These knowledge deficits and the lack of patient self-management training have been associated with poor adherence to recommended therapies, thus leading to recurrent suboptimal care of gout; the most common inflammatory joint disease and the only one for which there is potentially curative therapy. This chapter examines the importance of the patient’s knowledge, cultural beliefs and management preferences of the disease in general, as well as for each specific stage. Recommendations have also been provided to physicians in order to identify concrete ways to improve patient care in terms of patient education and self-management training in an effort to reinforce successful strategies and behaviors towards controlling the condition

Stochastic tsunami scenarios for Central Chile

Data set which contains the stochastic tsunami scenarios from the article "An improvement of tsunami hazard analysis in Central Chile based on stochastic rupture scenarios" The tsunami scenarios were configured to be run with NEOWAVE tsunami model. Each scenario consists of 357 subfaults of 20x20 km. The coordinates and depth correspond to the south west corner of each subfault

Stochastic tsunami scenarios for Central Chile

Data set which contains the stochastic tsunami scenarios from the article "An improvement of tsunami hazard analysis in Central Chile based on stochastic rupture scenarios" The tsunami scenarios were configured to be run with NEOWAVE tsunami model. Each scenario consists of 376 subfaults of 20x20 km. The coordinates and depth correspond to the south west corner of each subfault

Tsunami Resonance and Spatial Pattern of Natural Oscillation Modes With Multiple Resonators

Tsunami resonance and coupled oscillation of shelf and bays modes has been reported to be important in tsunami wave amplification. The main objective of this work is to study the spatial pattern of natural oscillation modes and to analyze the influence of several resonators on the coast of the central Chile, which has a complex morphology with several bays, submarine canyons, and a wide continental shelf. First, natural oscillation modes were computed by means of modal analysis of local and regional domains. Second, a dense network of tide gauges and pressure sensors was analyzed to obtain background spectra inside bays. Third, tsunami spectra were computed from both tsunami records and numerical simulations. The results show that the use of modal analysis and background and tsunami spectra is effective for identifying natural oscillation modes. In addition, a dense network of tide gauges is useful to validate the spatial pattern of these natural modes. It was observed that larger resonators and the shelf are important in coupling oscillation with local bays, such that large amplification can be observed. Finally, this analysis allowed the diverse effects of 2010 and 2011 tsunamis in the bays of central Chile to be explained, making it possible to better address tsunami mitigation measures and the preparedness of coastal communities

Benefits, costs and reactivity of inducible defences: an experimental test with rotifers

P>1. A key aspect of the ecology and evolution of adaptive prey responses to predator risk is the timing by which the former develop a defensive trait in response to inducing signals released by the latter. This property, called reactivity, has been shown to affect population stability and persistence. 2. Theoretically, the minimal predator density required by prey to exhibit induced defences is expected to increase with the effectiveness of the defence and decrease with its cost. Likewise, the time required for the prey population to exhibit an induced defence is expected to increase together with cost. 3. The freshwater rotifers Brachionus calyciflorus and B. havanaensis and their predator Asplanchna brightwelli were used to test the hypothesis that prey species exhibiting defences that offer a larger fitness benefit and lower fitness cost are more reactive to predator signals, in terms of requiring shorter exposure time and lower signal concentration to trigger a morphological defence reaction. 4. Our results showed that both prey species exhibited costly and effective defences after induction by predator infochemicals. Faster reactions were observed at higher levels of predator cues. Nevertheless, the observed relationship between reactivity and benefit/cost of defences did not agree with our expectations. 5. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the timing of induction of morphological defences is experimentally assessed over a gradient of risk signals. We propose new research directions to disentangle the mechanisms and project the consequences of prey decisions at the morphological level