Measurements within the Pacific-Indian oceans throughflow region

Two hydrographic ... and trichlorofluoromethane (F-11) sections were carried out between the Australian continental shelf and Indonesia, in August 1989, on board the R.V. "Marion Dufresne". The sections lie in the easternmost part of the Indian Ocean where the throughflow between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean emerges. They allow us to describe the features of the water-property and circulation fields of the throughflow at its entrance in the Indian Ocean. Between the Australian continental shelf and Bali, the Subtropical and Central waters are separated from the waters of the Indonesian seas by a sharp hydrological front, located around 13°30S, below the thermocline down to 700 m. Near the coast of Bali, upwelling occurs in the near-surface layer under the effect of the Southeast monsoon; at depth, between 300 m to more than 800 m, a water mass of Northern Indian Ocean origin was present. (D'après résumé d'auteur

Pathogen burden, inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis in human in-stent restenosis - Tissue characteristics compared to primary atherosclerosis

Pathogenic events leading to in-stent restenosis (ISR) are still incompletely understood. Among others, inflammation, immune reactions, deregulated cell death and growth have been suggested. Therefore, atherectomy probes from 21 patients with symptomatic ISR were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for pathogen burden and compared to primary target lesions from 20 stable angina patients. While cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori were not found in ISR, acute and/or persistent chlamydial infection were present in 6/21 of these lesions (29%). Expression of human heat shock protein 60 was found in 8/21 of probes (38%). Indicated by distinct signals of CD68, CD40 and CRP, inflammation was present in 5/21 (24%), 3/21 (14%) and 2/21 (10%) of ISR cases. Cell density of ISR was significantly higher than that of primary lesions ( 977 +/- 315 vs. 431 +/- 148 cells/mm(2); p < 0.001). There was no replicating cell as shown by Ki67 or PCNA. TUNEL+ cells indicating apoptosis were seen in 6/21 of ISR specimens (29%). Quantitative analysis revealed lower expression levels for each intimal determinant in ISR compared to primary atheroma (all p < 0.05). In summary, human ISR at the time of clinical presentation is characterized by low frequency of pathogen burden and inflammation, but pronounced hypercellularity, low apoptosis and absence of proliferation. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

Measurements within the Pacific-Indian oceans throughflow region

Two hydrographic ... and trichlorofluoromethane (F-11) sections were carried out between the Australian continental shelf and Indonesia, in August 1989, on board the R.V. "Marion Dufresne". The sections lie in the easternmost part of the Indian Ocean where the throughflow between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean emerges. They allow us to describe the features of the water-property and circulation fields of the throughflow at its entrance in the Indian Ocean. Between the Australian continental shelf and Bali, the Subtropical and Central waters are separated from the waters of the Indonesian seas by a sharp hydrological front, located around 13°30S, below the thermocline down to 700 m. Near the coast of Bali, upwelling occurs in the near-surface layer under the effect of the Southeast monsoon; at depth, between 300 m to more than 800 m, a water mass of Northern Indian Ocean origin was present. (D'après résumé d'auteur

Interspecific and Intrashell Stable Isotope Variation Among the Red Sea Giant Clams

The Gulf of Aqaba is home to three giant clam species with differing ecological niches and levels of photosymbiotic activity. Giant clams grow a two-layered shell where the outer layer is precipitated in close association with photosymbiont-bearing siphonal mantle, and the inner layer is grown in association with the light-starved inner mantle. We collected 39 shells of the three species (the cosmopolitanTridacna maximaandT. squamosa, as well as the rare endemicT. squamosina) and measured carbon and oxygen isotope ratios from inner and outer shell layers, to test for differences among species and between the layers of their shells.T. squamosinarecords higher temperatures of shell formation as determined by oxygen isotope paleothermometry, consistent with its status as an obligately shallow-dwelling species. However, the known negative fractionation imparted on tissue carbon isotopes by photosymbiotic algae did not produce measurable offsets in the carbonate delta C-13 values of the more symbioticT. squamosinaandT. maximacompared to the more heterotrophicT. squamosa. Across all species, outer shell layers recorded mean growth temperatures 1.8 degrees C higher than corresponding inner layers, which we propose is a function of the high insolation, low albedo microenvironment of the outer mantle, and potentially the activity of the symbionts themselves. Population-wide isotopic sampling of reef-dwelling bivalve shells can help constrain the ecological niches of rare taxa and help reconstruct their internal physiology.6 month embargo; first published: 22 June 2020This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Deep circulation in the equatorial Atlantic ocean

In the Atlantic Ocean, the northward export of warm surface water is compensated by a southward flow of cold North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). The NADW is transported southward along the American continental margin within the Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC). Some tracer and float observations have shown that part of the DWBC water flows eastward along the equator. Here we present three meridional velocity sections which give an instantaneous image of the top-to-bottom zonal circulation along the equatorial Atlantic. They reveal the presence of Equatorial Deep Jets (EDJs) between 1 degrees 30'N and 1 degrees 30'S, alternating eastward-westward currents with short vertical scale, surrounded by columns of eastward currents (the Extra Equatorial Jets or EEJs) at 2 degreesN and 2 degreesS. In addition to direct velocity measurements, tracer distributions give indications of water-mass feeding of the EDJs and EEJs by the DWBC