ЯКІВ ДМИТРОВИЧ ГРАХОВ – ДІЯЧ КУЛЬТУРИ ТА ОСВІТИ В КАТЕРИНОСЛАВСЬКІЙ ГУБЕРНІЇ

Розглянуто життєвий шлях, освітянську, наукову та музеєзнавчу діяльність директора Катеринославської гімназії та училищ краю Якова Дмитровича Грахова в середині ХІХ ст.The article covers life, scientific and museum activities of Yakiv Dmitrovych Grakhov, a director of Katerinoslav schools in the middle of the 19th centuary

Brucellosis – Regionally Emerging Zoonotic Disease?

Aim To gain deeper insight into the seroprevalence of brucellosis, which remains a zoonotic disease of worldwide public health concern, by reviewing studies from countries including North Africa, the Middle East, and India. Methods Studies on brucellosis performed in countries that are neighbors or important trading partners of the European Union and on trade animals and their products were analyzed. We reviewed 37 seroprevalence studies on brucellosis published from 1948 to 2009 retrieved from Pubmed, Google, and ScienceDirect. Results The set of studies was heterogeneous in the number of samples and laboratory tests used. We included studies from Algeria (n = 1), Egypt (n = 7), India (n = 3), Iran (n = 3), Iraq (n = 1), Jordan (n = 5), Libya (n = 3), Saudi Arabia (n = 3), Syria (n = 1), Turkey (n = 5), and Yemen (n = 2). The total number of animals in these studies was 116 317 (cattle 75 375; buffalo 9644; sheep 10 550; goats 14 447; camels 6301). The prevalence of brucellosis in different animal species varied widely. Representative surveillance data have not recently been published in any of the countries. Conclusions Wars in the Middle East, insufficient preventive measures, the lack of adequate control programs in some countries, as well as uncontrolled animal transportation through “open” borders increased the risk that brucellosis will spread in some regions. New seroprevalence data are needed urgently to evaluate the current situation and for continuous monitoring of necessary control programs

Ocular phenotypic characteristics of patient IV-7.

<p>Spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the left eye shows a normal foveal contour (A).Fundus photographies show discreet palor of the optic nerve (<b>B</b>) and irregular pigmentation in the macular area (<b>C</b>). Ocular phenotypic characteristics of patient IV-8: Spectral domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of the left eye shows a normal foveal contour (<b>D</b>). Fundus photographies show discreet palor of the optic nerve (<b>E</b>) and irregular pigmentation in the macular area especially in the right eye (<b>F</b>). Ocular phenotypic characteristics of patient III-5: Fundus fluorescence and indocyanine green angiography of the left eye show no leakage (<b>G</b>, <b>H</b>). Fundus photographies show myopic changes: posterior staphyloma, lacquer cracks, Fuchs’ spot of the macula and chorioretinal and parapapillary atrophy (<b>I</b>). Electrophysiologic examination (<b>J</b>): Full-field ERG shows normal scotopic and photopic answers in the female carrier (III-6). In the school boy (IV-7) ERG showed slightly reduced scotopic a- and b-waves with photopic answers below noise level. In the two adults (III-5, II-8), scotopic a- and b-waves were severely reduced with non-recordable photopic ERG.</p

Graphical representation of <i>CACNA1F</i> NGS coverage (exons 14 to 35) for individual III-6 (conductor) versus pooled DNA samples derived from affected males.

<p>The genomic structure of <i>CACNA1F</i> (exons 14-35) is shown below. NGS coverage data suggest reduced signals of the <i>CACNA1F</i> exons 18-26 for individual III-6 while signals for those exons are absent in the pooled DNA sample (<b>A</b>). Analysis of genomic DNA shows junction fragment PCR-products only in patients and carriers but not in controls (<b>B</b>). Exons 18-26 were absent in all patients tested. NTC = no template control. Sequencing of the junction fragment product revealed breakpoints within two AluSx repeats located in intron 17 and 26 (<b>C</b>).</p

Pedigree of the family compatible with an x-linked recessive mode of inheritance.

<p>Four of the 10 affected males (IV-7, IV-8, III-5 and II-8) and two female carriers (III-6 and III-9) have been examined.</p

Analysis of cDNA derived from EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) of individuals IV-7 (affected), III-6 (female carrier) and II-5 (affected) shows expression of the truncated transcript in all samples while the WT-transcript was present only in the female carrier and the positive control (Human Retina Marathon-Ready™ cDNA).

<p>NTC = no template control.</p