URBAN AND PERI URBAN HORTICULTURE AND THE CAPABILITY APPROACH THE CASE OF THE SOUTH-WEST PROVINCE OF CAMEROON

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5International audienceThis paper uses the capability approach to analyse the impact of urban and peri urban horticulture on development in Africa. Is horticulture, considered as an innovation, able to improve the capabilities of people? This paper states that it is not the practice of horticulture which increases the capabilities of farmers but the level of capabilities that increases the chances of adopting horticulture. In order to answer the above question we have attempted to understand the context in which the agricultural sector and the farmers evolve in Africa, characterized by the urban transition towards a majority of urban population and the rise of nonfarm incomes. It appeared important to understand the underlying prerequisites for horticultural practices, that is, expensive agrochemical inputs and credit requirements

Lognormal scale invariant random measures

In this article, we consider the continuous analog of the celebrated Mandelbrot star equation with lognormal weights. Mandelbrot introduced this equation to characterize the law of multiplicative cascades. We show existence and uniqueness of measures satisfying the aforementioned continuous equation; these measures fall under the scope of the Gaussian multiplicative chaos theory developed by J.P. Kahane in 1985 (or possibly extensions of this theory). As a by product, we also obtain an explicit characterization of the covariance structure of these measures. We also prove that qualitative properties such as long-range independence or isotropy can be read off the equation.Comment: 31 pages; Probability Theory and Related Fields (2012) electronic versio