EVALUATION OF ADENOIDS BY ORONASAL AND NASAL SPIROMETRY

Objectives: The main aim of this study is to compare the oronasal and nasal spirometry among adenoid hypertrophy children before and after surgery.Methods: A total of 40 healthy and 40 adenoid hypertrophy children were recruited for this study with the age range from 6 to 15 years. All the children were examined by two measurements (1) oronasal spirometry and (2) nasal spirometry. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC%, forced expiratory time (FET), peak expiratory flow rate, peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR), and forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, FIF25%, FIF50%, and FIF75% were recorded.Results: All the parameters were significantly reduced in adenoid hypertrophy by nasal spirometry when compared to oronasal spirometry. FEV1/ FVC% was insignificant from oral to nasal values among adenoid hypertrophy in both the sexes. FET can act as an indicator for upper airway obstruction which shown significantly in adenoid hypertrophy but insignificant among control and adenoidectomy. Inspiratory parameters also had shown more variation in nasal than oronasal spirometry.Conclusion: Significant differences were found in many parameters between oronasal and nasal spirometry among adenoids and adenoidectomy. Nasal spirometry is a portable one, simple, and less cost-effective and so it can be used to determine the obstruction in the nose nasopharynx region

Role of environmental factors on sleep patterns of different age groups

ABSTRACT  OBJECTIVE :The objective of the study is to determine the effect of various environmental factors associated with modern lifestyle,on sleep patterns of three different age groups through a survey based study. METHODSThis was a survey based cross sectional study. A questionnaire which included questions about their lifestyle habits such as caffeine consumption, electronic media or gadget usage, bedtime and wake up time were distributed to people of different ages who were grouped into three age groups. The data collected was then analyzed statistically.  RESULTSMost of the habits of today's sedentary lifestyle such as excessive stimulant consumption and extensive late night usage of electronic media and gadgets have a negative impact on both quality and quantity of sleep. People with such habits tend to have a very short and disturbed sleep. From the current study, it is clearly evident that the group which is most affected are the adolescents. CONCLUSIONAwareness regarding the ill effects of these modern day lifestyle factors would help everyone to minimise the adverse effects of these factors on sleep and aid in adopting a healthy lifestyle

Comparison Of Ranolazine With Telmisartan In The Treatment Of Mild To Moderate Hypertension

The objective of the present study was to develop and compare fast-dissolving oral films of Anti-Hypertensive drugs Ranolazine and Telmisartan using a solvent casting technique.  A response surface methodology experimental design was applied to optimize fast-dissolving film using Box-Behnken experimental design. The concentrations of X1 (mango kernel, 100–400 mg), X2 (MDX 0–100 mg), and X3 (PG, 15–30%) were preferred as independent factors for Ranolazine films. The concentrations of X1 (Mango kernel, 100–300 mg), X2 (Maltodextrin, 200–350 mg), and X3 (Propylene glycol, 15–30%) were selected as independent variables for Telmisartan.  Y1 (Tensile Strength; MPa), Y2 (Disintegration Time; Sec), Y3 (Folding Endurance; Folds), Y4 (Elongation; %), and Y5 (% drug release; min) were considered as dependent variables for both drugs. Various physicochemical parameters like weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, and drug content were evaluated. Ranolazine films' maximum bio-adhesive strength and highest ex-vivo mucoadhesion time were 52.43±0.31 gm and 182 min observed for F6. Telmisartan-optimized films F4 had the highest ex-vivo mucoadhesion duration and maximal bioadhesive strength of 49.82 gm and 189 min, respectively. Ex-vivo muco irritation was performed by using fresh sheep oral mucosa.  The Pharmacokinetic plasma parameters of Telmisartan-optimized films F4 results displayed improved absorption compared to RZ-OFDFs F6

Ectopic pregnancy: a life threatening gynaecological emergency

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening gynecological emergency, and a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality.Methods: This is a retrospective study of ectopic pregnancies managed at M. S. Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India over a period of 1 year from March 2015 to March 2016. The medical records of the patients managed for ectopic pregnancy during the period, under review were retrieved and data were collected from registers. There were 30 cases of ectopic pregnancies over one year.Results: Ectopic pregnancy constituted 3% of all gynecological admissions, and its incidence was 2.5%. The mean age of the patients was 26 ± 2 years, 21 of 30 (70%) had ruptured ectopic pregnancies, and the remaining nine (30%) were unruptured. The commonest (20 of 30, 66.6%) clinical presentation was abdominal pain, and the commonest (9 of 30, 30%) identified risk factor was a previous history of induced abortion.Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy is a recognized cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and has remained a reproductive health challenge to manage

Asymptotic and near-target direct breakup of ⁶Li and ⁷Li

Background: Li6,7 and Be9 are weakly bound against breakup into their cluster constituents. Breakup location is important for determining the role of breakup in above-barrier complete fusion suppression. Recent works have pointed out that experimental observables can be used to separate near-target and asymptotic breakup. Purpose: Our purpose is to distinguish near-target and asymptotic direct breakup of Li6,7 in reactions with nuclei in different mass regions. Method: Charged particle coincidence measurements are carried out with pulsed Li6,7 beams on Ni58 and Zn64 targets at sub-barrier energies and compared with previous measurements using Pb208 and Bi209 targets. A detector array providing a large angular coverage is used, along with time-of-flight information to give definitive particle identification of the direct breakup fragments. Results: In interactions of Li6 with Ni58 and Zn64, direct breakup occurs only asymptotically far away from the target. However, in interactions with Pb208 and Bi209, near-target breakup occurs in addition to asymptotic breakup. Direct breakup of Li7 into α−t is not observed in interactions with Ni58 and Zn64. However, near-target dominated direct breakup was observed in measurements with Pb208 and Bi209. A modified version of the Monte Carlo classical trajectory model code platypus, which explicitly takes into account lifetimes associated with unbound states, is used to simulate sub-barrier breakup reaction

Multiobjective Non-Differentiable Fractional Symmetric Mixed Duality using p-F convexity

Mixed symmetric dual models far nondifferentiable multiobjective fractional programmeing problem are introduced. Weak and strong duality theorems are established far these models under generalized convexity. Several special cases are also obtained

A review article on fast dissolving tablets

For the majority of patients, oral administration is the preferred method of drug delivery. Tablets and capsules are the most often used oral solid dose forms all over the world. Around 30% of patients have had trouble swallowing tablets and capsules, according to reports. When spit comes into contact with the dose frames, they swiftly degrade, releasing the medication, reducing the amount of water required throughout the organisation. These distinguishing characteristics appeal to both paediatric and geriatric patients. Gulping difficulties with standard pills and containers are frequent in people of all ages, but especially in the elderly and dysphagia patients. [1] Furthermore, robust oral conveyance frameworks do not necessitate sterilisation. The rapid dissolving drug delivery system has played an important role in adapting and meeting the needs of patients. The oral course organisation is the most important method that has been credited with having a fundamental impact. The conventional tablet is widely recognised as the most popular pharmaceutical measurement shape because of its ease of transportation and low assembly cost. These structures break down fast in the mouth, increasing bioavailability. Mouth dissolving doses are a type of quick-dissolving measuring construction

Comparative study on awareness about carpal tunnel syndrome among dental professionals in India and Malaysia

Background Carpal Tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common medical condition that occurs when the median nerve is compressed at the carpal tunnel. In the general population, many are affected with CTS and mostly prone to females. This study aims to determine the level of awareness of CTS among dental professionals in India and Malaysia. Material and methods The cross-sectional study was carried out among dentists in India and Malaysian, from August 2020 to November 2020. 150 professional dentists with a minimum of one year of work experience were included in the study; dentists who worked full-time as academicians were excluded. The survey form was circulated using WhatsApp. The SPSS software package was used to analyze the data collected from the sample. Results Both Indian and Malaysian participants thought that the main symptom is tingling and numbness. Both groups stated that minimizing the stress on the wrist would prevent CTS. 100% of Malaysian participants thought that CTS could affect job performance, though those from Indian marked that it also affects social life and sleep. Conclusions The awareness of CTS among both Indian and Malaysian dentists was adequate. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between CTS and chronic disease like rheumatoid arthritis

Cognitive impairment in aging physicians: current challenges and possible solutions

Aging physicians are at a higher risk of cognitive impairment, undermining patient safety and unraveling physicians\u27 careers. Neurologists, occupational health physicians, and psychiatrists will participate in both health system policy decisions and individual patient evaluations. We address cognitive impairment in aging physicians and attendant risks and benefits. If significant cognitive impairment is found after an appropriate evaluation, precautions to confidentially support physicians\u27 practicing safely for as long as possible should be instituted. Understanding that there is heterogeneity and variability in the course of cognitive disorders is crucial to supporting cognitively impaired, practicing physicians. Physicians who are no longer able to practice clinically have other meaningful options