Additional file 2: of MicroRNA-488 and -920 regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines in acute gouty arthritis

IL-1β gene expression in the peripheral white blood cells of patients with acute gouty arthritis (GA, n = 14) and of healthy control subjects (HC, n = 10). IL-1β mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Each bar shows the mean ± SEM. (DOCX 48 kb

Additional file 2: of MicroRNA-488 and -920 regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines in acute gouty arthritis

IL-1β gene expression in the peripheral white blood cells of patients with acute gouty arthritis (GA, n = 14) and of healthy control subjects (HC, n = 10). IL-1β mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Each bar shows the mean ± SEM. (DOCX 48 kb

Additional file 1: Table S1. of MicroRNA-488 and -920 regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines in acute gouty arthritis

Primer sequences used for the amplification of IL-1β 3′UTR. (DOCX 15 kb

Additional file 3: of MicroRNA-488 and -920 regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines in acute gouty arthritis

THP-1 cells were transfected with 50 nM of miRNA mimics or negative control (scrambled) by using Lipofectamine RNAiMAX reagent. Expression of miRNAs was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Each bar shows the mean ± SEM. (DOCX 31 kb

Noncovalent Monolayer Modification of Graphene Using Pyrene and Cyclodextrin Receptors for Chemical Sensing

Surprisingly few details have been reported in the literature that help the experimentalist to determine the conditions necessary for the preparation of self-assembled monolayers on graphene with a high surface coverage. With a view to graphene-based sensing arrays and devices and, in particular, in view of graphene-based varactors for gas sensing, graphene was modified in this work by the π–π interaction-driven self-assembly of 10 pyrene and cyclodextrin derivatives from solution. The receptor compounds were pyrene, pyrene derivatives with hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester, ammonium, amino, diethylamino, and boronic acid groups, and perbenzylated α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins. Adsorption of these compounds onto graphene was quantified by contact-angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Data thus obtained were fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model to determine the equilibrium constants for surface adsorption and the concentrations of self-assembly solutions needed to form dense monolayers on graphene. The equilibrium constants of all pyrene derivatives fell into the range from 10^3.4 to 10^4.6 M^–1. For the perbenzylated α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrins, the equilibrium constants are 10^3.24, 10^2.97, and 10^2.95 M^–1, respectively. Monolayers of 1-pyrenemethylammonium chloride on graphene were confirmed to be stable under heating to 100 °C in a high vacuum (2 × 10^–5 Torr)

PCT is highly expressed in GA in comparison to RA, AS and Healthy control.

<p>(A) The comparison of serum PCT in GA (n = 51), RA (n = 37), AS (n = 41) and healthy control (n = 33) were determined by Mann–Whitney U-test. In GA patients PCT was significantly higher level observed than in RA (p = 0.002), AS (p = 0.0007) and healthy control (p<0.0001), whilst no significant differences in between RA and AS were observed. (B) The GA patients were divided into GA (tophi) (n = 29) and GA (none tophi) (n = 22) which indicates GA patients with tophi or not respectively. GA Serum PCT level was compared among these groups.</p

Correlation between PCT and ASDAS, CRP, ESR and WBC.

<p>Correlation of the serum levels of PCT with ASDAS, CRP, ESR and WBC was evaluated by Spearman correlation test in AS patients (n = 41). PCT was significantly positively correlated with CRP (P = 0.001). No correlation between PCT and ASDAS, ESR and WBC were detected.</p

Positive correlation of serum PCT with VAS, CRP, ESR, and WBC in GA patients.

<p>The determination of linear relationships between PCT and CRP, ESR, VAS and WBC in GA patients (n = 51) was performed by Spearman correlation coefficient. PCT is significantly positively correlated with VAS (r = 0.39; <i>p</i> = 0.004), CRP (r = 0.52; <i>p</i>< 0.0001), ESR (r = 0.28; <i>p</i> = 0.045). There was no association between PCT and WBC.</p

Correlation of PCT with CRE and Uric acid.

<p>Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation between serum PCT and CRE, uric acid levels in GA patients (n = 51). PCT was not correlated neither with CRE (r = 0.07, <i>p</i> = 0.63) nor Uric acid (r = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.30).</p