Understanding morphological variability in a taxonomic context in Chilean diplomystids (Teleostei: Siluriformes), including the description of a new species

Following study of the external morphology and its unmatched variability throughout ontogeny and a re-examination of selected morphological characters based on many specimens of diplomystids from Central and South Chile, we revised and emended previous specific diagnoses and consider Diplomystes chilensis, D. nahuelbutaensis, D. camposensis, and Olivaichthys viedmensis (Baker River) to be valid species. Another group, previously identified as Diplomystes sp., D. spec., D. aff. chilensis, and D. cf. chilensis inhabiting rivers between Rapel and Itata Basins is given a new specific name (Diplomystes incognitus) and is diagnosed. An identification key to the Chilean species, including the new species, is presented. All specific diagnoses are based on external morphological characters, such as aspects of the skin, neuromast lines, and main lateral line, and position of the anus and urogenital pore, as well as certain osteological characters to facilitate the identification of these species that previously was based on many internal characters. Diplomystids below 150 mm standard length (SL) share a similar external morphology and body proportions that make identification difficult; however, specimens over 150 mm SL can be diagnosed by the position of the urogenital pore and anus, and a combination of external and internal morphological characters. According to current knowledge, diplomystid species have an allopatric distribution with each species apparently endemic to particular basins in continental Chile and one species (O. viedmensis) known only from one river in the Chilean Patagonia, but distributed extensively in southern Argentina

The South American and Australian percichthyids and perciliids. What is new about them?

ABSTRACT A study including morphological characters and mitogenomics of South American and Australian fishes previously assigned to Percichthyidae was conducted. Results generated from these different data sets reveal major disagreements concerning the content and interpretation of the so-called percichthyids. A phylogenetic analysis based on 54 morphological characters suggests the existence of two major clades: (1) Percichthyidae, including the South American Percichthys and the Australian taxa Macquaria australasica, Macquaria (= Plectroplites), and Maccullochella; (2) Perciliidae with the South American genus Percilia at the base plus more advanced Australian genera Nannoperca, Nannatherina, Bostockia, and Gadopsis. In contrast, molecular and mitogenomic evidence suggests only one clade (Percichthyidae), with the exclusion of species of Macquaria (= Percalates). Additionally, the results reveal the existence of various taxonomic problems, such as the current interpretation of only one species of Percichthys in Argentina, an interpretation that is not supported by the present study; the existence of cryptic species of Percilia as well as of Gadopsis, Nannoperca, and Macquaria that will increase the diversity of the genera; and the need for an extensive revision of species previously assigned to Percalates versus Macquaria. Disagreements point to the need to develop further research on the so-called percichthyids and perciliids

A NEW INVASIVE FRESHWATER FISH SPECIES IN CENTRAL CHILE: JENYNSIA MULTIDENTATA (JENYNS, 1842) (CYPRINODONTIFORMES: ANABLEPIDAE) NUEVA ESPECIE ICTICA INVASORA EN AGUAS CONTINENTALES DE CHILE CENTRAL: JENYNSIA MULTIDENTATA (JENYNS, 1842) (CYPRINODONTIFORMES: ANABLEPIDAE)

<abstract language="spa">Se reporta la presencia de la especie Jenynsia multidentata en Chile central, avistada en agosto de 2008 en la localidad de Peñaflor. Durante 2009 se registra en la confluencia del estero Puangue y el río Maipo, extendiendo su distribución a un amplio sector de este estero. Jenynsia multidentata corresponde a la 26ª especie íctica introducida al país

Isolation and characterization of ten microsatellite loci in the catfish Trichomycterus areolatus (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with cross-amplification in seven Trichomycterinae species

A total of ten microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in the endangered freshwater catfish Trichomycterus areolatus from Chile. Samples from three separate watersheds were also analyzed. The mean number of alleles per locus in a sample of 63 individuals was 4 (1-13 alleles per locus) and the observed heterozygosities ranged from 0 to 0.83. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed in all loci except for a few isolated cases, while none of the loci exhibited significant linkage disequilibrium. Cross-amplification analysis showed a low number of loci and alleles amplified in other seven species of the Family Trichomycteridae. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V

Cross-amplification of microsatellites from the Atherinopsidae Odontesthes perugiae and Odontesthes argentinensis to Chilean silversides of the genus Odontesthes and Basilichthys Amplificación cruzada de microsatélites de los Atherinopsidae Odontesthes perugiae y Odontesthes argentinensis en pejerreyes chilenos del género Odontesthes y Basilichthys

We tested the amplification potential of 8 microsatellites initially described for Odontesthes perugiae and O. argentinensis in 3 species of Odontesthes and 4 species of Basilichthys. Most of the microsatellites amplified and showed polymorphism; thus they will be useful in genetic conservation plans for these species.<br>Se prueba el potencial de amplificación de 8 microsatélites descritos inicialmente para Odontesthes perugiae y O. argentinensis en 3 especies de Odontesthes y 4 especies de Basilichthys. La mayoría de los partidores microsatélites amplificaron correctamente y presentan polimorfismo por lo que serán de utilidad en planes de conservación genética de estas especies

clquezada/tRophicPosition: CRAN version 0.7.0

This is an R package incorporating a Bayesian model for the calculation of consumer trophic position using stable isotopes with one or two baselines. It uses the powerful approach of Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulations provided by JAGS and the statistical language R

tRophicPosition , an r package for the Bayesian estimation of trophic position from consumer stable isotope ratios

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