Misophonia assessment tools: a systematic review

A systematic review of misophonia assessment tool

Misophonia assessment tools: a systematic review

A systematic review of misophonia assessment tool

Misophonia assessment tools: a systematic review

A systematic review of misophonia assessment tool

Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study Protocol

AbstractObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but &gt;95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we describe the Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO,www.latinostudy.org). LATINO is a new network of investigators from across Latin America, the United States, and Canada who have begun to collect DNA and clinical data from 5,000 richly-phenotyped OCD cases of Latin American ancestry in a culturally sensitive and ethical manner. In this project, we will utilize trans-ancestry genomic analyses to accelerate the identification of OCD risk loci, fine-map putative causal variants, and improve the performance of polygenic risk scores in diverse populations. We will also capitalize on rich clinical data to examine the genetics of treatment response, biologically plausible OCD subtypes, and symptom dimensions. Additionally, LATINO will help elucidate the diversity of the clinical presentations of OCD across cultures through various trainings developed and offered in collaboration with Latin American investigators. We believe this study will advance the important goal of global mental health discovery and equity.</jats:p

Latin American Trans‐ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study protocol

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but &gt;95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we describe the Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO, https://www.latinostudy.org). LATINO is a new network of investigators from across Latin America, the United States, and Canada who have begun to collect DNA and clinical data from 5000 richly phenotyped OCD cases of Latin American ancestry in a culturally sensitive and ethical manner. In this project, we will utilize trans-ancestry genomic analyses to accelerate the identification of OCD risk loci, fine-map putative causal variants, and improve the performance of polygenic risk scores in diverse populations. We will also capitalize on rich clinical data to examine the genetics of treatment response, biologically plausible OCD subtypes, and symptom dimensions. Additionally, LATINO will help elucidate the diversity of the clinical presentations of OCD across cultures through various trainings developed and offered in collaboration with Latin American investigators. We believe this study will advance the important goal of global mental health discovery and equity

Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD Genomics (Latino): Study Protocol

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder. Worldwide, its prevalence is ~2% and its etiology is mostly unknown. Identifying biological factors contributing to OCD will elucidate underlying mechanisms and might contribute to improved treatment outcomes. Genomic studies of OCD are beginning to reveal long-sought risk loci, but \u3e95% of the cases currently in analysis are of homogenous European ancestry. If not addressed, this Eurocentric bias will result in OCD genomic findings being more accurate for individuals of European ancestry than other ancestries, thereby contributing to health disparities in potential future applications of genomics. In this study protocol paper, we describe the Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO, www.latinostudy.org). LATINO is a new network of investigators from across Latin America, the United States, and Canada who have begun to collect DNA and clinical data from 5,000 richly-phenotyped OCD cases of Latin American ancestry in a culturally sensitive and ethical manner. In this project, we will utilize trans-ancestry genomic analyses to accelerate the identification of OCD risk loci, fine-map putative causal variants, and improve the performance of polygenic risk scores in diverse populations. We will also capitalize on rich clinical data to examine the genetics of treatment response, biologically plausible OCD subtypes, and symptom dimensions. Additionally, LATINO will help elucidate the diversity of the clinical presentations of OCD across cultures through various trainings developed and offered in collaboration with Latin American investigators. We believe this study will advance the important goal of global mental health discovery and equity

Psychometric properties of the Spanish Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale – Second Edition

•The psychometric properties of the Spanish Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Second Edition (Spanish-Y-BOCS-II) was evaluated.•The Spanish-Y-BOCS-II internal consistency and inter-rater reliability were high.•Confirmatory factor analyses showed a marginally acceptable fit with the Obsessions and Compulsions two-factor model.•Subsequent exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution consistent with a Total score including all items.•Satisfactory construct validity was observed with measures of converging and diverging constructs. The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II) is an evidence-based clinician-rated measure for assessing the presence and severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The Spanish version of the Y-BOCS-II has not yet been validated. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the Spanish Y-BOCS-II (Spanish-Y-BOCS-II) in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who are of Hispanic/Latino ancestry. The Spanish-Y-BOCS-II was administered to 1805 adults with OCD. Participants also completed a battery of measures assessing OCD, depression, and anxiety symptoms. The internal consistency for the Symptom Checklist (Kuder-Richardson-20=0.92), Obsession Severity (α=0.87), Compulsion Severity (α=0.86), and Total Severity (α=0.92) were high. The inter-rater reliability for the Severity Scale (intraclass correlations=0.98) was excellent. Confirmatory factor analyses showed a marginally acceptable fit with the Obsessions and Compulsions two-factor model; subsequent exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-factor solution consistent with a Total score including all items. Satisfactory construct validity was observed, supported by the strong correlations with other measures of obsessive-compulsive symptom severity and moderate correlations with measures of depression and anxiety symptoms. Overall, the Spanish-Y-BOCS-II demonstrates acceptable reliability and validity properties

Benchmarking empirical severity for the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Second Edition

The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is considered the primary instrument for assessing the presence and severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Conceptual and empirical critiques inspired the development of an updated version of the instrument, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale-Second Edition (Y-BOCS-II), with a higher ceiling of OCD severity to better differentiate between severe and the most debilitating OCD presentations, among other revisions. The Y-BOCS-II has demonstrated sound psychometric properties across diverse samples. Empirically derived severity benchmarks have been proposed for the original Y-BOCS, yielding somewhat different ranges than what has been commonly used in clinical and research settings, yet severity benchmarks for the Y-BOCS-II have yet to be established. Using a diverse, pooled sample of 2982 children and adults with OCD or obsessive-compulsive and related concerns across 13 countries, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses yielded severity benchmarks that largely mirrored the original Y-BOCS at the lower range of scores and extended the previously established benchmarks at the higher range of scores, owing to the increased ceiling of the instrument. The optimal benchmark ranges were determined as: non−/sub-clinical (0–14), mild (15–21), moderate (22–34), severe (35–50). Similar benchmarks were present across sex and age groups, and their accuracy was adequate in both a holdout sample and an independent sample of OCD patients from China (n = 78). Limitations and implications for the use of the Y-BOCS-II in clinical and research settings are discussed. •This study sought to establish severity benchmarks for the Y-BOCS-II.•Benchmarks largely mirrored the Y-BOCS benchmarks at the lower range of scores.•Benchmarks were sub-clinical (0–14), mild (15–21), moderate (22–34), and severe (35–50).•Similar benchmarks were suggested across sex and age groups.•Findings were affirmed in a holdout sample from China

Transdiagnostic links of reward processing in obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression

Transdiagnostic models aim to uncover shared mechanisms across mental disorders. Reward responsiveness (the ability to experience pleasure from rewarding stimuli) is a plausible, yet underexplored, transdiagnostic mechanism linking obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression. This study used network analysis to (1) examine how key reward responsiveness domains are interlinked in individuals with OCD and (2) explore how each domain is uniquely associated with OCD and depression. A total of 1345 individuals with a history of OCD symptoms (ages 18–88, 71 % women) from Latino communities in the United States (including Puerto Rico) and nine Latin American countries completed validated measures of reward responsiveness, OCD, and depression. Network analyses evaluated interrelations among reward responsiveness domains and their links to OCD and depression. Hobbies and social interactions were the most central domains in the reward responsiveness network. Higher OCD severity was uniquely associated with lower responsiveness to social interactions, while higher depression severity was uniquely linked to reduced responsiveness in hobbies and goal-directed behaviors. Reward responsiveness is relevant to both OCD and depression. Interventions that enhance engagement in central domains, such as hobbies and social interactions, may improve outcomes. Future research should explore reward responsiveness in other mental disorders to inform transdiagnostic intervention strategies. •Network analysis explored reward responsiveness as a transdiagnostic link.•Hobbies and social interactions were most central in the reward network.•OCD severity linked to lower responsiveness to social interactions.•Depression severity linked to lower responsiveness to hobbies and goals.•Findings support reward responsiveness as a transdiagnostic treatment target