The More Similar, the Healthier: The Effect of Perceived Parent-Child Facial Resemblance on Parental Physical Health

Parent-child facial resemblance (PCFR) is one of the direct cues used to assess the genetic relationship between two individuals. Due to the inner fertilization of humans, fathers are liable to suffer from paternal uncertainty. When a father perceives low father-child facial resemblance, he would become anxious, which is detrimental to his immune system and physical health. For a mother, however, she can assure her genetic relationship to her children and does not need any external cues to verify her maternity. Thus, the mother-child facial resemblance does not influence the mothers’ physical health. To test these hypotheses, we examined the moderating effect of parental gender and the mediating effect of trait anxiety on the relationship between PCFR and physical health of parents. The results showed that fathers’ PCFR positively predicted their physical health, whereas the mothers’ PCFR failed to show any predicting effect on mothers’ physical health. Furthermore, trait anxiety mediated the relationship between fathers’ PCFR and their physical health. The implications for paternal uncertainty, gender difference, and public policy were discussed

A bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis of the glymphatic system from 2012 to 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the development context, research hotspots and frontiers in the glymphatic system (GS) field from 2012 to 2022 by bibliometric analysis.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched for articles published between 2012 and 2022. Microsoft Excel was used to manage the data. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, GraphPad Prism, the Web of Science, and an online analysis platform for bibliometrics (http://bibliometric.com/) were used to analyze the countries, institutions, journals, and collaboration networks among authors and the types of articles, developmental directions, references, and top keywords of published articles.ResultsA total of 412 articles were retrieved, including 39 countries/regions, 223 research institutes and 171 academic journals. The subject classifications related to the GS were Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience and Radiology/Nuclear Medicine/Medical Imaging. The United States has maintained its dominant and most influential position in GS research. Among research institutions and journals, the Univ Rochester and Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism had the highest number of academic articles, respectively. Nedergaard M had the most published article, and Iliff JJ had the most co-citations. The top two keywords with the highest frequency were “glymphatic system” and “cerebrospinal fluid.”ConclusionThis research provides valuable information for the study of the GS. The bibliometric analysis of this area will encourage potential collaborations among researchers, defining its frontiers and directions for development

Deconvolution of single-cell multi-omics layers reveals regulatory heterogeneity

Heterogeneity in gene expression and epigenetic states exists across individual cells. Here, the authors develop scCAT-seq, a technique for simultaneously performing ATAC-seq and RNA-seq within the same single cell

Global health education in Chinese universities and potential for collaboration with schools of nursing: A qualitative study

Background: The Chinese Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CCUGH) was established within schools of public health in 2013 with the goal of enhancing global health in China. Expanding nursing students' exposure to global health curricula is important as nurses are essential actors in the health care system. However, information related to existing global health education within CCUGH-affiliated universities and the current engagement of Chinese schools of nursing in global health remains extremely limited. Objective: To identify and describe the current definitions and conceptualizations of global health education in Chinese universities, with a focus on schools of nursing, in order to explore potential opportunities for strengthened collaboration between global health initiative and schools of nursing in China. Methods: Purposive sampling with snowballing was used to recruit 19 key informants who were critical stakeholders in global health and nursing in China. Key informant interviews were conducted from July 2014 to February 2015, and data were updated in June 2016. Content analysis was used to analyze data via Atlas.ti 7. Results: There was a rapid growth in global health education within and beyond CCUGH-affiliated universities with nine universities establishing global health institutes. Translation and definition of global health lacked consistency in Chinese language. Though no course directly related to global health was offered, schools of nursing were gradually participating in global health education and research. Nursing was a critical component of global health, and global health and nursing mutually advanced each other. Nursing education should include global health contents, but at present independent global health curriculum in schools of nursing was not appropriate. Conclusion: Increasingly Chinese universities are promoting global health education through the platform of CCUGH. It is an ideal moment to promote and expand work across the fields of global health and nursing, specifically to highlight opportunities for collaboration across education, research and practice. Keywords: China, Education, Global health, Nursing, Qualitative researc

Nurses\u27 preparedness, opinions, barriers, and facilitators in responding to intimate partner violence: A mixed-methods study

Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with multiple adverse health consequences. Nurses (including midwives) are well positioned to identify patients subjected to IPV, and provide care, support, and referrals. However, studies about nursing response to IPV are limited especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study aimed to examine nurses\u27 perceived preparedness and opinions toward IPV and to identify barriers and facilitators in responding to IPV. Design: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted by collecting quantitative data first and explaining the quantitative findings with qualitative data. Methods: The study was conducted in two tertiary general hospitals in northeastern (Shenyang city) and southwestern (Chengdu city) China with 1500 and 1800 beds, respectively. A total of 1071 survey respondents (1039 female [97.0%]) and 43 interview participants (34 female [79.1%]) were included in the study. An online survey was administered from September 3 to 23, 2020, using two validated scales from the Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey. In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted from September 15 to December 23, 2020, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Results: The survey respondents largely agreed with feeling prepared to manage IPV, e.g., respond to discourses (544 [50.8%] of 1071) and report to police (704 [65.7%] of 1071). The findings of surveyed opinions (i.e., Response competencies; Routine practice; Actual activities; Professionals; Victims; Alcohol/drugs) were mixed and intertwined with social desirability bias. The quantitative and qualitative data were consistent, contradicted, and supplemented. Key qualitative findings were revealed that may explain the quantitative results, including lack of actual preparedness, absence of IPV-related education, training, or practice, and socially desirable responses (especially those pertaining to China\u27s Anti-domestic Violence Law). Commonly reported barriers (e.g., patients\u27 reluctance to disclose; time constraints) and facilitators (e.g., patients\u27 strong need for help; female nurses\u27 gender advantage), as well as previously unreported barriers (e.g., IPV may become a workplace taboo if there are healthcare professionals known as victims/perpetrators of IPV) and facilitators (e.g., nurses\u27 responses can largely meet the first-line support requirements even without formal education or training on IPV) were identified. Conclusions: Nurses may play a unique and important role in responding to IPV in LMICs where recognition is limited, education and training are absent, policies are lacking, and resources are scarce. Our findings support World Health Organization recommendations for selective screening. Clinical Relevance: The study highlights the great potential of nurses for IPV prevention and intervention especially in LMICs. The identified barriers and facilitators are important evidence for developing multifaceted interventions to address IPV in the health sector

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals dynamic transcriptome profiling in human early neural differentiation

Background: Investigating cell fate decision and subpopulation specification in the context of the neural lineage is fundamental to understanding neurogenesis and neurodegenerative diseases. The differentiation process of neural-tube-like rosettes in vitro is representative of neural tube structures, which are composed of radially organized, columnar epithelial cells and give rise to functional neural cells. However, the underlying regulatory network of cell fate commitment during early neural differentiation remains elusive. Results: In this study, we investigated the genome-wide transcriptome profile of single cells from six consecutive reprogramming and neural differentiation time points and identified cellular subpopulations present at each differentiation stage. Based on the inferred reconstructed trajectory and the characteristics of subpopulations contributing the most toward commitment to the central nervous system lineage at each stage during differentiation, we identified putative novel transcription factors in regulating neural differentiation. In addition, we dissected the dynamics of chromatin accessibility at the neural differentiation stages and revealed active cis-regulatory elements for transcription factors known to have a key role in neural differentiation as well as for those that we suggest are also involved. Further, communication network analysis demonstrated that cellular interactions most frequently occurred in the embryoid body stage and that each cell subpopulation possessed a distinctive spectrum of ligands and receptors associated with neural differentiation that could reflect the identity of each subpopulation. Conclusions: Our study provides a comprehensive and integrative study of the transcriptomics and epigenetics of human early neural differentiation, which paves the way for a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms driving the differentiation of the neural lineage

Piglets cloned from induced pluripotent stem cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are powerful tools for generating genetically modified animals that can assist in advancing our knowledge of mammalian physiology and disease. Pigs provide outstanding models of human genetic diseases due to the striking similarities to human anatomy, physiology and genetics, but progress with porcine genetic engineering has been hampered by the lack of germline-competent pig ES cells. To overcome this limitation, genetically modified pigs have been produced using genetically modified somatic cells and nuclear transfer (NT). Yet, somatic cells exhibit limited proliferative capacity and have an extremely low frequency of homologous recombination compared to ES cells. Hence, only a few knockout pig models have been reported thus far using standard gene-targeting approaches