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Tuning magnetic anisotropy of epitaxial Ag/Fe/Fe0.5Co0.5/MgO(001) films
Single crystalline Ag/Fe/Fe0.5Co0.5/MgO(001) films were grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy and investigated by Magneto-Optic Kerr Effect (MOKE). We find that even though the 4-fold magnetic anisotropies of Ag/Fe/MgO(001) and Ag/Fe0.5Co0.5/MgO(001) films are different from the corresponding bulk values, their opposite signs allow a fine tuning of the 4-fold magnetic anisotropy in Ag/Fe/Fe0.5Co0.5/MgO(001) films by varying the Fe and Fe0.5Co0.5 film thicknesses. In particular, the critical point of zero anisotropy can be achieved in a wide range of film thicknesses. Using Rotational MOKE, we determined and constructed the anisotropy phase diagram in the Fe and Fe0.5Co0.5 thickness plane from which the zero anisotropy exhibits a linear relation between the Fe and Fe0.5Co0.5 thickness
Visualization of Gas–Oil–Water Flow in Horizontal Pipeline Using Dual-Modality Electrical Tomographic Systems
Employing dual-modality tomography inherently involves data from multiple dimensions, and thus a coherent approach is required to fully exploit the information from various dimensions. This paper describes a novel approach for dual-modality electrical resistance and capacitance tomography (ERT-ECT) to visualize gas-oil-water flow in horizontal pipeline. Compared with the conventional methods with dual-modality tomographic systems, the approach based on thresholding takes the account of multi-dimensional data, which therefore is capable of providing insights into investigated flow in both spatial and temporal terms. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach, by which six common flow regimes in horizontal pipeline flow are visualized based on the multi-dimensional data with ERT-ECT systems, including (wavy) stratified flow, plug flow, slug flow, annular flow, and bubbly flow. Although the present approach is proposed for data acquired with an ERT-ECT system, it is potentially adaptable to other dual-modality tomographic systems that use concentration tomograms as inputs
Fuzzy-Model-Based Output Feedback Steering Control in Autonomous Driving Subject to Actuator Constraints
The Grad-Shafranov Reconstruction of Toroidal Magnetic Flux Ropes: Method Development and Benchmark Studies
We develop an approach of Grad-Shafranov (GS) reconstruction for toroidal
structures in space plasmas, based on in-situ spacecraft measurements. The
underlying theory is the GS equation that describes two-dimensional
magnetohydrostatic equilibrium as widely applied in fusion plasmas. The
geometry is such that the arbitrary cross section of the torus has rotational
symmetry about the rotation axis , with a major radius . The magnetic
field configuration is thus determined by a scalar flux function and a
functional that is a single-variable function of . The algorithm is
implemented through a two-step approach: i) a trial-and-error process by
minimizing the residue of the functional to determine an optimal
axis orientation, and ii) for the chosen , a minimization process
resulting in the range of . Benchmark studies of known analytic solutions
to the toroidal GS equation with noise additions are presented to illustrate
the two-step procedures and to demonstrate the performance of the numerical GS
solver, separately. For the cases presented, the errors in and are
9 and 22\%, respectively, and the relative percent error in the
numerical GS solutions is less than 10\%. We also make public the computer
codes for these implementations and benchmark studies.Comment: submitted to Sol. Phys. late Dec 2016; under review; code will be
made public once review is ove
Ground state properties of one-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures
Bose-Fermi mixtures in one dimension are studied in detail on the basis of an
exact solution. Corresponding to three possible choices of the referecce state
in the quantum inverse scattering method, three sets of Bethe-ansatz equations
are derived explicitly. The features of the ground state and low-lying
excitations are investigated. The ground state phase diagram caused by the
external field and chemical potential is obtained
Semiconductor photocatalysis to engineering deuterated N-alkyl pharmaceuticals enabled by synergistic activation of water and alkanols
Precisely controlled deuterium labeling at specific sites of N-alkyl drugs is crucial in drug-development as over 50% of the top-selling drugs contain N-alkyl groups, in which it is very challenging to selectively replace protons with deuterium atoms. With the goal of achieving controllable isotope-labeling in N-alkylated amines, we herein rationally design photocatalytic water-splitting to furnish [H] or [D] and isotope alkanol-oxidation by photoexcited electron-hole pairs on a polymeric semiconductor. The controlled installation of N-CH3, -CDH2, -CD2H, -CD3, and -13CH3 groups into pharmaceutical amines thus has been demonstrated by tuning isotopic water and methanol. More than 50 examples with a wide range of functionalities are presented, demonstrating the universal applicability and mildness of this strategy. Gram-scale production has been realized, paving the way for the practical photosynthesis of pharmaceuticals
Dynamical study on polaron formation in a metal/polymer/metal structure
By considering a metal/polymer/metal structure within a tight-binding
one-dimensional model, we have investigated the polaron formation in the
presence of an electric field. When a sufficient voltage bias is applied to one
of the metal electrodes, an electron is injected into the polymer chain, then a
self-trapped polaron is formed at a few hundreds of femtoseconds while it moves
slowly under a weak electric field (not larger than V/cm).
At an electric field between V/cm and V/cm,
the polaron is still formed, since the injected electron is bounded between the
interface barriers for quite a long time. It is shown that the electric field
applied at the polymer chain reduces effectively the potential barrier in the
metal/polymer interface
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