TextGAIL: Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning for Text Generation

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for text generation have recently received many criticisms, as they perform worse than their MLE counterparts. We suspect previous text GANs' inferior performance is due to the lack of a reliable guiding signal in their discriminators. To address this problem, we propose a generative adversarial imitation learning framework for text generation that uses large pre-trained language models to provide more reliable reward guidance. Our approach uses contrastive discriminator, and proximal policy optimization (PPO) to stabilize and improve text generation performance. For evaluation, we conduct experiments on a diverse set of unconditional and conditional text generation tasks. Experimental results show that TextGAIL achieves better performance in terms of both quality and diversity than the MLE baseline. We also validate our intuition that TextGAIL's discriminator demonstrates the capability of providing reasonable rewards with an additional task.Comment: AAAI 202

Constellation Mapping for Physical-Layer Network Coding with M-QAM Modulation

The denoise-and-forward (DNF) method of physical-layer network coding (PNC) is a promising approach for wireless relaying networks. In this paper, we consider DNF-based PNC with M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) and propose a mapping scheme that maps the superposed M-QAM signal to coded symbols. The mapping scheme supports both square and non-square M-QAM modulations, with various original constellation mappings (e.g. binary-coded or Gray-coded). Subsequently, we evaluate the symbol error rate and bit error rate (BER) of M-QAM modulated PNC that uses the proposed mapping scheme. Afterwards, as an application, a rate adaptation scheme for the DNF method of PNC is proposed. Simulation results show that the rate-adaptive PNC is advantageous in various scenarios.Comment: Final version at IEEE GLOBECOM 201

Distributed MAC Protocol Supporting Physical-Layer Network Coding

Physical-layer network coding (PNC) is a promising approach for wireless networks. It allows nodes to transmit simultaneously. Due to the difficulties of scheduling simultaneous transmissions, existing works on PNC are based on simplified medium access control (MAC) protocols, which are not applicable to general multi-hop wireless networks, to the best of our knowledge. In this paper, we propose a distributed MAC protocol that supports PNC in multi-hop wireless networks. The proposed MAC protocol is based on the carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) strategy and can be regarded as an extension to the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol. In the proposed protocol, each node collects information on the queue status of its neighboring nodes. When a node finds that there is an opportunity for some of its neighbors to perform PNC, it notifies its corresponding neighboring nodes and initiates the process of packet exchange using PNC, with the node itself as a relay. During the packet exchange process, the relay also works as a coordinator which coordinates the transmission of source nodes. Meanwhile, the proposed protocol is compatible with conventional network coding and conventional transmission schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol is advantageous in various scenarios of wireless applications.Comment: Final versio

Research on conflict management: a case study about small work groups in China

JEL Classification: J52; Y40This research is focused on a qualitative case study about conflict management in small work groups in China. Data were gathered in companies that have their offices in four Chinese cities, including Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Bozhou and Fuyang. 74 informants from 26 work teams participated in this study. Participants were asked to recall events happened in their teams through face-to-face interviews. This case study aims to understand what types of conflict people experienced in their teams, the strategies people adopted to deal with conflicts and the orientations that emerge in the conflict management process. Overall, results show that the most common type of conflict is relationship conflict. With regard to conflict management styles, integrating and compromising styles are more frequent among managers, whereas avoiding, obliging and dominating styles are more frequent among subordinates. Overall, most of orientations are constructive. Furthermore, the findings were interpreted based on the Chinese culture.Esta investigação está centrada num estudo de caso qualitativo sobre gestão de conflitos em pequenos grupos de trabalho na China. Os dados foram recolhidos em empresas com escritórios em quatro cidades chinesas, incluindo Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Bozhou e Fuyang. 74 informantes pertencentes a 26 equipas de trabalho participaram neste estudo Foi solicitado aos participantes para recordarem acontecimentos que surgiram nos seus grupos através de entrevistas presenciais. Este estudo de caso tem por objetivo compreender que tipos de conflito os colaboradores presenciam nas suas equipas, as estratégias que adotam para lidar com os conflitos e as orientações que emergem no processo de gestão de conflitos. Globalmente os resultados mostram que o tipo de conflito mais comum é o conflito de relações. No que respeita aos estilos de gestão de conflitos, os estilos integração e compromisso são mais frequentes entre gestores, enquanto os estilos afastamento, resignação e dominação são mais frequentes entre os subordinados. Globalmente a maioria das orientações são construtivas. Adicionalmente, os resultados foram interpretados com base na cultura chinesa