Infinite Horizon Mean-Field Linear Quadratic Optimal Control Problems with Jumps and the related Hamiltonian Systems

In this work, we focus on an infinite horizon mean-field linear-quadratic stochastic control problem with jumps. Firstly, the infinite horizon linear mean-field stochastic differential equations and backward stochastic differential equations with jumps are studied to support the research of the control problem. The global integrability properties of their solution processes are studied by introducing a kind of so-called dissipation conditions suitable for the systems involving the mean-field terms and jumps. For the control problem, we conclude a sufficient and necessary condition of open-loop optimal control by the variational approach. Besides, a kind of infinite horizon fully coupled linear mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equations with jumps is studied by using the method of continuation. Such a research makes the characterization of the open-loop optimal controls more straightforward and complete.Comment: 27page

Novel formulated alumina-silica hybrid sol for the entire consolidation of waterlogged decayed ivory from Sanxingdui ruin site

Abstract Large amount of ivory was excavated from Sanxingdui site which was waterlogged, severely degraded and in urgent need for conservation. There has been much effort for the conservation of waterlogged ivory by scientists. However, due to a lack of appropriate conservation material and the need to use non-destructive methods, no satisfactory results have been achieved previously. In this work, a novel formulated water-based Al–Si hybrid sol of size about 20 nm was prepared and introduced through a quasi-dynamic equilibrium method to waterlogged ivory tusk for the purpose of conservation. Good conservation performance could be achieved, since Al–Si sol gradually permeates into the interior of the ivory, distributes homogeneously and connects the loose components of ivory. Samples treated with appropriate amount of Al–Si sol displayed satisfactory compressive strength and porous intact structure. It was found that the fluidity of Al–Si sol had a significant influence on the conservation effect. Moreover, Al–Si sol not only consolidated HAP but also worked well on the soil embedded in unearthed ivory, which was beneficial to conserve ivory intactly. Slightly negatively charged Al–Si hybrid gel could interact with ivory matrix through multiple interactions including van der Waals force, electrostatic interaction, chemical and hydrogen bonding

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

The Yinchuan Graben is an important potential exploration area that is located on the western margin of the Ordos Basin. Over 8000 m of Cenozoic strata have been formed since the Cretaceous. With an integrated approach of cores observation, logging analysis, and geochemical analysis, we analyzed the characteristics of the Cenozoic source rocks in the Yinchuan Graben and determined the formation and destruction of the fossil oil reservoirs. With type III kerogen, the TOC of the dark mudstone in the Qingshuiying Formation is up to 7.5%, and the Ro is 0.95–1.04%, indicating the source rocks have entered the mature stage but the hydrocarbon generation potential is insufficient. A quantity of reservoir bitumen and oil-bearing fluid inclusions (GOI = 1.67–4%) were found in the Qingshuiying Formation sandstone in Well YQ-1, which indicates a fossil oil reservoir had existed. The fossil oil reservoir and reservoir bitumen were generated by the unexplored pre-Cenozoic strata in the Yinchuan Graben. The reservoir bitumen has high maturity and is associated with many fluid inclusions with a high homogenization temperature or CO2. This indicates that the bitumen was formed by the pyrolysis of the oil which was caused by the hot fluid migrating along with the deep fault belts

Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of <i>Triosteum sinuatum</i>, Insights into Comparative Chloroplast Genomics, Divergence Time Estimation and Phylogenetic Relationships among Dipsacales

Triosteum himalayanum, Triosteum pinnatifidum (Triosteum L., Caprifoliaceae, Dipsacales) are widely distributed in China while Triosteum sinuatum mainly occurrs in northeast China. Few reports have been determined on the genus Triosteum. In the present research, we sequenced 2 chloroplast genomes of Triosteum and analyzed 18 chloroplast genomes, trying to explore the sequence variations and phylogeny of genus Triosteum in the order Dipsacales. The chloroplast genomes of the genus Triosteum ranged from 154,579 bp to 157,178 bp, consisting of 132 genes (86 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA genes). Comparative analyses and phylogenetic analysis supported the division of Dipsacales into two clades, Adoxaceae and six other families. Among the six families, a clade of Valerianaceae+Dipsacaceae was recovered as a sister to a clade of Morinaceae+Linnaeaceae. A closer relationship of T. himalayanum and T. pinnatifidum among three species was revealed. Our research supported that Loniceraferdinandi and Triosteum was closely related. Zabelia had a closer relationship with Linnaea borealis and Dipelta than Morinaceae. The divergence between T. sinuatum and two other species in Triosteum was dated to 13.4 mya

Indoor nanoscale particulate matter-induced coagulation abnormality based on a human 3D microvascular model on a microfluidic chip

Abstract Background A growing body of evidence shows that indoor concentrations of airborne particles are often higher than is typically encountered outdoors. Since exposure to indoor PM2.5 is thought to be associated with cardiovascular disease, the health impacts of indoor air pollution need to be explored. Based on animal models, ambient particulate matter has been proved to promote coagulation which is very likely involved in the pathogenic development of cardiovascular disease. However, animal models are insufficient to predict what will happen with any certainty in humans. For this reason, the precise pathogenic mechanisms behind the development of cardiovascular disease in humans have not yet been determined. Results We generated a 3D functional human microvascular network in a microfluidic device. This model enables human vascular endothelial cells to form tissue-like microvessels that behave very similarly to human blood vessels. The perfusable microvasculature allows the delivery of particles introduced into these generated human-like microvessels to follow the fluid flow. This exposure path effectively simulates the dynamic movement of airborne nanoscale particles (ANPs) within human vessels. In this study, we first identified the existence of ANPs in indoor air pollution. We then showed that ANPs could activate endothelial cells via ROS induced inflammation, and further resulted in abnormal expression of the coagulation factors (TF, TM and t-PA) involved in coagulation cascades. In addition, we found that a protein could cover ANPs, and this biointeraction could interfere with heparan sulfate (HS). Human organotypic 3D microvessel models provide a bridge for how research outcomes can translate to humans. Conclusions The 3D human microvessel model was used to determine the physiological responses of human vessels to ANP stimulation. Based on the obtained data, we concluded that ANPs not only disrupts normal coagulation functions, but also act directly on anticoagulant factors in human vessels. These experimental observations provide a potential biological explanation for the epidemiologically established link between ANPs and coagulation abnormality. This organ-on-chip model may provide a bridge from in vitro results to human responses

Nanomaterials for combined stabilisation and deacidification of cellulosic materials : the case of iron-tannate dyed cotton

The conservation of textiles is a challenge due to the often fast degradation that results from the acidity combined with a complex structure that requires remediation actions to be conducted at several length scales. Nanomaterials have lately been used for various purposes in the conservation of cultural heritage. The advantage with these materials is their high efficiency combined with a great control. Here, we provide an overview of the latest developments in terms of nanomaterials-based alternatives, namely inorganic nanoparticles and nanocellulose, to conventional methods for the strengthening and deacidification of cellulose-based materials. Then, using the case of iron-tannate dyed cotton, we show that conservation can only be addressed if the mechanical strengthening is preceded by a deacidification step. We used CaCO3 nanoparticles to neutralize the acidity, while the stabilisation was addressed by a combination of nanocellulose, and silica nanoparticles, to truly tackle the complexity of the hierarchical nature of cotton textiles. Silica nanoparticles enabled strengthening at the fibre scale by covering the fibre surface, while the nanocellulose acted at bigger length scales. The evaluation of the applied treatments, before and after an accelerated ageing, was assessed by tensile testing, the fibre structure by SEM and the apparent colour changes by colourimetric measurements.Article; Funding details: China Scholarship Council, CSC; Funding details: Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020, 646063; Funding text 1: Funding: This work received funding from the China Scholarship Council (CSC) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the NanoRestArt Project (Grant 646063).</p

Digitally Tunable Microfluidic Bioprinting of Multilayered Cannular Tissues

Despite advances in the bioprinting technology, biofabrication of circumferentially multilayered tubular tissues or organs with cellular heterogeneity, such as blood vessels, trachea, intestine, colon, ureter, and urethra, remains a challenge. Herein, a promising multichannel coaxial extrusion system (MCCES) for microfluidic bioprinting of circumferentially multilayered tubular tissues in a single step, using customized bioinks constituting gelatin methacryloyl, alginate, and eight-arm poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate with a tripentaerythritol core, is presented. These perfusable cannular constructs can be continuously tuned up from monolayer to triple layers at regular intervals across the length of a bioprinted tube. Using customized bioink and MCCES, bioprinting of several tubular tissue constructs using relevant cell types with adequate biofunctionality including cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation is demonstrated. Specifically, cannular urothelial tissue constructs are bioprinted, using human urothelial cells and human bladder smooth muscle cells, as well as vascular tissue constructs, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human smooth muscle cells. These bioprinted cannular tissues can be actively perfused with fluids and nutrients to promote growth and proliferation of the embedded cell types. The fabrication of such tunable and perfusable circumferentially multilayered tissues represents a fundamental step toward creating human cannular tissues

Digitally Tunable Microfluidic Bioprinting of Multilayered Cannular Tissues

Despite advances in the bioprinting technology, biofabrication of circumferentially multilayered tubular tissues or organs with cellular heterogeneity, such as blood vessels, trachea, intestine, colon, ureter, and urethra, remains a challenge. Herein, a promising multichannel coaxial extrusion system (MCCES) for microfluidic bioprinting of circumferentially multilayered tubular tissues in a single step, using customized bioinks constituting gelatin methacryloyl, alginate, and eight-arm poly(ethylene glycol) acrylate with a tripentaerythritol core, is presented. These perfusable cannular constructs can be continuously tuned up from monolayer to triple layers at regular intervals across the length of a bioprinted tube. Using customized bioink and MCCES, bioprinting of several tubular tissue constructs using relevant cell types with adequate biofunctionality including cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation is demonstrated. Specifically, cannular urothelial tissue constructs are bioprinted, using human urothelial cells and human bladder smooth muscle cells, as well as vascular tissue constructs, using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human smooth muscle cells. These bioprinted cannular tissues can be actively perfused with fluids and nutrients to promote growth and proliferation of the embedded cell types. The fabrication of such tunable and perfusable circumferentially multilayered tissues represents a fundamental step toward creating human cannular tissues