Simultaneous observation of small- and large-energy-transfer electron-electron scattering in three dimensional indium oxide thick films

In three dimensional (3D) disordered metals, the electron-phonon (\emph{e}-ph) scattering is the sole significant inelastic process. Thus the theoretical predication concerning the electron-electron (\emph{e}-\emph{e}) scattering rate $1/\tau_\varphi$ as a function of temperature $T$ in 3D disordered metal has not been fully tested thus far, though it was proposed 40 years ago [A. Schmid, Z. Phys. \textbf{271}, 251 (1974)]. We report here the simultaneous observation of small- and large-energy-transfer \emph{e}-\emph{e} scattering in 3D indium oxide thick films. In temperature region of $T\gtrsim100$\,K, the temperature dependence of resistivities curves of the films obey Bloch-Gr\"{u}neisen law, indicating the films possess degenerate semiconductor characteristics in electrical transport property. In the low temperature regime, $1/\tau_\varphi$ as a function of $T$ for each film can not be ascribed to \emph{e}-ph scattering. To quantitatively describe the temperature behavior of $1/\tau_\varphi$, both the 3D small- and large-energy-transfer \emph{e}-\emph{e} scattering processes should be considered (The small- and large-energy-transfer \emph{e}-\emph{e} scattering rates are proportional to $T^{3/2}$ and $T^2$, respectively). In addition, the experimental prefactors of $T^{3/2}$ and $T^{2}$ are proportional to $k_F^{-5/2}\ell^{-3/2}$ and $E_F^{-1}$ ($k_F$ is the Fermi wave number, $\ell$ is the electron elastic mean free path, and $E_F$ is the Fermi energy), respectively, which are completely consistent with the theoretical predications. Our experimental results fully demonstrate the validity of theoretical predications concerning both small- and large-energy-transfer \emph{e}-\emph{e} scattering rates.Comment: 5 pages and 4 figure

便携式输液泵联合深静脉导管治疗胃肠道肿瘤

Objective: Explore the deep vein catheter connect portable infusion pump infusion for small doses than ordinary needle joint regulation fluorouracil infusion of gastrointestinal tumor chemotherapy is better. Methods: Continuous intravenous chemotherapy in terms of efficacy and side effects is superior to the traditional pattern of impact of chemotherapy. In order to coordinate the development of continuous intravenous chemotherapy of malignant gastrointestinal tumor, ensure the smooth implementation of the chemotherapy to reduce such effective permeability and the occurrence of phlebitis, from the traditional ordinary needle joint control infusion infusion with small dose fluorouracil method instead I now use the deep vein catheter (PICC or CVC) combined with a portable infusion pump continuous intravenous chemotherapy. Results and conclusion: Joint portable infusion pump for deep vein chemotherapy can improve the quality of life of patients, alleviate patients pain, improve drug efficacy.目的  探讨应用深静脉导管连接便携式输液泵比普通留置针联合调控输液器持续小剂量氟尿嘧啶输液进行胃肠道肿瘤化疗效果更好。方法  持续静脉化疗在疗效和副反应等方面要优于传统的冲击化疗模式。为了配合恶性胃肠道肿瘤持续静脉化疗的开展，确保化疗顺利实施,减少化疗药物外渗及静脉炎的发生，从传统的普通留置针联合调控输液器输注小剂量氟尿嘧啶方法改为现在采用深静脉导管（PICC或CVC）联合便携式输液泵持续静脉输注化疗。结果与结论  深静脉联合便携式输液泵持续化疗可以提高患者的生活质量，有效减轻患者痛苦，提高药物疗效

Effect of low intensity white light irradiation on the retinas of mice

AIM: To investigate the effect of low intensity white light irradiation on the retinas of mice.<p>METHODS: Thirty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups. The number of the mice in each group was 15. The mice in experimental group received dark adaptation from 5:00p.m. to 6:00p.m.,and then exposed to LED white light from 6:00p.m. to 7:00p.m. everyday for a month. At 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30d after the beginning, we examed the histology of mice retinas, calculated the thickness of outer nuclear layer(ONL),inner nuclear layer(INL)and analyzed electrophysiology of mice.<p>RESULTS:One month after experiment, compared to the control group, the latency of Rod-R a wave of the mice in experimental group significantly prolonged, the amplitude of Cone-R b wave of the mice in experimental group significantly decreased and the latency of b wave of the mice in experimental group significantly prolonged(<i>P</i><0.05).There are no significant difference in the histology of retina, ONL and INL thicknesses.<p>CONCLUSION: 100lux low intensity white light could give rise to the impairment of the retinal functions in dark-adapted mice

Branching ratios and CP asymmetries of B→Kη(′)B \to K \eta^{(\prime)} decays in the pQCD approach

We calculate the branching ratios and CP violating asymmetries of the four B \to K \etap decays in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) factorization approach. Besides the full leading order contributions, the partial next-to-leading order (NLO) contributions from the QCD vertex corrections, the quark loops, and the chromo-magnetic penguins are also taken into account. The NLO pQCD predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios are $Br(B^+ \to K^+ \eta) \approx 3.2 \times 10^{-6}$, Br(B^\pm \to K^\pm \etar) \approx 51.0 \times 10^{-6}, $Br(B^0 \to K^0 \eta) \approx 2.1 \times 10^{-6}$, and Br(B^0 \to K^0 \etar) \approx 50.3 \times 10^{-6}. The NLO contributions can provide a 70% enhancement to the LO Br(B \to K \etar), but a 30% reduction to the LO $Br(B \to K \eta)$, which play the key role in understanding the observed pattern of branching ratios. The NLO pQCD predictions for the CP-violating asymmetries, such as \acp^{dir} (K^0_S \etar) \sim 2.3% and \acp^{mix}(K^0_S \etar)\sim 63%, agree very well with currently available data. This means that the deviation \Delta S=\acp^{mix}(K^0_S \etar) - \sin{2\beta} in pQCD approach is also very small.Comment: 31 pages, 11 ps/eps figures, typos corrected. A little modificatio